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opencv3/C++輪廓的提取與篩選方式

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2020-10-04 03:02:20 來源:腳本之家 閱讀:197 作者:阿卡蒂奧 欄目:編程語言

輪廓提取

findContours發(fā)現(xiàn)輪廓

findContours(
InputOutputArray binImg, //輸入8bit圖像,0值像素值不變,非0的像素看成1;(變?yōu)槎祱D像)
 OutputArrayOfArrays contours,//輸出找到的輪廓對(duì)象
OutputArray, hierachy// 圖像的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)
int mode, //輪廓返回的模式(RETR_TREE等)
int method,//發(fā)現(xiàn)方法(CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE等)
Point offset=Point()//輪廓像素的位移(默認(rèn)沒有位移(0, 0))
)

【報(bào)錯(cuò)問題】

findContours()有時(shí)會(huì)報(bào)告“已觸發(fā)了一個(gè)斷點(diǎn)”等錯(cuò)誤,嘗試過y有效的解決方法有:

1.為vector提前申請(qǐng)一定的空間,如

std::vector<std::vector<Point>> contours(500)

2.Debug版切換為Release版;

drawContours繪制輪廓

drawContours(
InputOutputArray binImg, // 輸出圖像
 OutputArrayOfArrays contours,//找到的全部輪廓對(duì)象
Int contourIdx//輪廓索引號(hào)
const Scalar & color,//繪制顏色
int thickness,//繪制線寬
int lineType ,//線的類型(默認(rèn)8)
InputArray hierarchy,//拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)圖
int maxlevel,//最大層數(shù)(0只繪制當(dāng)前的,1表示繪制繪制當(dāng)前及其內(nèi)嵌的輪廓)
Point offset=Point()//輪廓位移
)

示例:

#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
using namespace cv;

int main()
{
 Mat src,dst;
 src = imread("E:/image/image/shape.jpg");
 if(src.empty())
 {
 printf("can not load image \n");
 return -1;
 }
 namedWindow("input", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
 imshow("input", src);
 dst = Mat::zeros(src.size(), CV_8UC3);

 blur(src,src,Size(3,3));
 cvtColor(src,src,COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
 Canny(src, src, 20, 80, 3, false);
 std::vector<std::vector<Point>> contours;
 std::vector<Vec4i> hierarchy;
 findContours(src, contours, hierarchy, RETR_TREE, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, Point(0, 0));

 RNG rng(0);
 for(int i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++)
 {
 Scalar color = Scalar(rng.uniform(0,255), rng.uniform(0,255), rng.uniform(0,255));
 drawContours(dst, contours, i, color, 2, 8, hierarchy, 0, Point(0,0));
 }
 namedWindow("output", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
 imshow("output",dst);
 waitKey();
 return 0;
}

opencv3/C++輪廓的提取與篩選方式

opencv3/C++輪廓的提取與篩選方式

使用opencv3時(shí)(測(cè)試用opencv3.1.0)發(fā)現(xiàn),cv命名空間下沒有了vector,而在opencv2中(測(cè)試用opencv2.4.10)還存在。后查看各自的頭文件發(fā)現(xiàn):

opencv.hpp頭文件中包含著core.hpp(#include “opencv2/core.hpp”);

而在opencv2的core.hpp中包含有

........
#include <map>
#include <new>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
.......

等頭文件,但在opencv3的core.hpp中刪去這些包含項(xiàng)。

因此在使用opencv3時(shí)cv命名空間下沒有了vector。

使用opencv2.4.10時(shí)可以寫:

#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
using namespace cv;

int main()
{
 Mat src,dst;
 src = imread("E:/image/image/shape.jpg");
 if(src.empty())
 {
 printf("can not load image \n");
 return -1;
 }
 namedWindow("input", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
 imshow("input", src);
 dst = Mat::zeros(src.size(), CV_8UC3);
 blur(src,src,Size(5,5));
 Canny(src, src, 20, 80, 3, false);
 vector<vector<Point>>contours;
 vector<Vec4i> hierarchy;
 findContours(src, contours, hierarchy, RETR_TREE, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, Point(0, 0));

 RNG rng(0);
 for(int i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++)
 {
 Scalar color = Scalar(rng.uniform(0,255), rng.uniform(0,255), rng.uniform(0,255));
 drawContours(dst, contours, i, color, 2, 8, hierarchy, 0, Point(0,0));
 }
 namedWindow("output", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
 imshow("output",dst);
 waitKey();
 return 0;
}

繪制輪廓外矩形框

常用繪制輪廓外形狀的函數(shù):

cv::boundingRect(InputArray points)繪制一個(gè)矩形(輪廓周圍最小矩形左上角點(diǎn)和右下角點(diǎn))

cv::minAreaRect(InputArray points)繪制輪廓周圍最小旋轉(zhuǎn)矩形

cv::minEnclosingCircle(InputArray points, Point2f& center, float& radius)//繪制輪廓周圍最小圓形

cv::fitEllipse(InputArray points)繪制輪廓周圍最小橢圓

繪制輪廓外矩形框:

#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
using namespace cv;

int main()
{
 Mat src,dst;
 src = imread("E:/image/shape.jpg");
 if(src.empty())
 {
 printf("can not load image \n");
 return -1;
 }
 namedWindow("input", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
 imshow("input", src);
 dst = Mat::zeros(src.size(), CV_8UC3);
 std::vector<std::vector<Point>>contours;
 std::vector<Vec4i> hierarchy;
 blur(src,src,Size(3,3));
 cvtColor(src,src,COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
 Canny(src, src, 20, 80, 3, false);
 findContours(src, contours, hierarchy, RETR_TREE, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, Point(0, 0));

 RNG rng(0);
 std::vector<std::vector<Point>> contoursPloy(contours.size());
 std::vector<RotatedRect> minRects(contours.size());

 for(int i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++)
 {
 minRects[i] = minAreaRect(Mat(contours[i]));
 Scalar color = Scalar(rng.uniform(0,255), rng.uniform(0,255), rng.uniform(0,255));
 drawContours(dst, contoursPloy, i, color, 1,8,std::vector<Vec4i>(), 0, Point(0, 0));
 Point2f rectPoints[4];
 minRects[i].points(rectPoints);
 for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++)
 {
  line(dst, rectPoints[j], rectPoints[(j+1)%4], color, 1, 8, 0);
 }
 }

 namedWindow("output", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
 imshow("output",dst);
 waitKey();
 return 0;
}

opencv3/C++輪廓的提取與篩選方式

opencv3/C++輪廓的提取與篩選方式

輪廓篩選

moments(
InputArray array,//輸入數(shù)據(jù)
bool  binaryImage=false //是否為二值圖像
)
contourArea(
InputArray contour,//輸入輪廓數(shù)據(jù)
bool  oriented//返回絕對(duì)值(默認(rèn)false)
)

arcLength(
InputArray curve,//輸入輪廓
bool  closed// 輪廓否是封閉曲線
)

輪廓篩選示例:

使用輪廓的面積和長(zhǎng)度特征對(duì)輪廓進(jìn)行篩選后用外接矩形將篩選后的輪廓框選出來。

#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
using namespace cv;

void trackBar(int,void*);

Mat src,dst;
std::vector<std::vector<Point>>contours;
int area = 0, length = 0;
int main()
{

 src = imread("E:/image/shape.jpg");
 if(src.empty())
 {
 printf("can not load image \n");
 return -1;
 }
 namedWindow("input", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
 imshow("input", src);
 dst = Mat::zeros(src.size(), CV_8UC3);

 std::vector<Vec4i> hierarchy;
 blur(src,dst,Size(3,3));
 cvtColor(dst,dst,COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
 Canny(dst, dst, 20, 80, 3, false);
 findContours(dst, contours, hierarchy, RETR_TREE, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, Point(0, 0));
 namedWindow("output", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);

 createTrackbar("area:", "output", &area,150,trackBar);
 createTrackbar("length:", "output", &length,150,trackBar);

 waitKey();
 return 0;
}

void trackBar(int,void*)
{
 Mat src1 = src.clone();
 RNG rng(0);
 std::vector<std::vector<Point>> contoursPloy(contours.size());
 std::vector<RotatedRect> minRects(contours.size());

 for(int i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++)
 {
 if(contourArea(contours[i]) > area && arcLength(contours[i], false) > length)
 {
  minRects[i] = minAreaRect(Mat(contours[i]));
  Scalar color = Scalar(rng.uniform(0,255), rng.uniform(0,255), rng.uniform(0,255));
  //drawContours(dst, contoursPloy, i, color, 1,8,vector<Vec4i>(), 0, Point(0, 0));
  Point2f rectPoints[4];
  minRects[i].points(rectPoints);
  for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++)
  {
  line(src1, rectPoints[j], rectPoints[(j+1)%4], color, 2, 8, 0);
  }
 }
 }
 imshow("output",src1);
 src1 = src;
}

opencv3/C++輪廓的提取與篩選方式

opencv3/C++輪廓的提取與篩選方式

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