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這篇文章主要介紹如何使用Redis+Lua腳本實現(xiàn)計數(shù)器接口防刷功能,文中介紹的非常詳細,具有一定的參考價值,感興趣的小伙伴們一定要看完!
如果set命令設(shè)置上,但是在設(shè)置失效時間時由于網(wǎng)絡(luò)抖動等原因?qū)е聸]有設(shè)置成功,這時就會出現(xiàn)死計數(shù)器(類似死鎖);
Redis+Lua是一個很好的解決方案,使用腳本使得set命令和expire命令一同達到Redis被執(zhí)行且不會被干擾,在很大程度上保證了原子操作;
為什么說是很大程度上保證原子操作而不是完全保證?因為在Redis內(nèi)部執(zhí)行的時候出問題也有可能出現(xiàn)問題不過概率非常小;即使針對小概率事件也有相應(yīng)的解決方案,比如解決死鎖一個思路值得參考:防止死鎖會將鎖的值存成一個時間戳,即使發(fā)生沒有將失效時間設(shè)置上在判斷是否上鎖時可以加上看看其中值距現(xiàn)在是否超過一個設(shè)定的時間,如果超過則將其刪除重新設(shè)置鎖。
1、Redis+Lua鎖的實現(xiàn)
package han.zhang.utils; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.script.DigestUtils; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.script.RedisScript; import java.util.Collections; import java.util.UUID; public class RedisLock { private static final LogUtils logger = LogUtils.getLogger(RedisLock.class); private final StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate; private final String lockKey; private final String lockValue; private boolean locked = false; /** * 使用腳本在redis服務(wù)器執(zhí)行這個邏輯可以在一定程度上保證此操作的原子性 * (即不會發(fā)生客戶端在執(zhí)行setNX和expire命令之間,發(fā)生崩潰或失去與服務(wù)器的連接導(dǎo)致expire沒有得到執(zhí)行,發(fā)生永久死鎖) * <p> * 除非腳本在redis服務(wù)器執(zhí)行時redis服務(wù)器發(fā)生崩潰,不過此種情況鎖也會失效 */ private static final RedisScript<Boolean> SETNX_AND_EXPIRE_SCRIPT; static { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); sb.append("if (redis.call('setnx', KEYS[1], ARGV[1]) == 1) then\n"); sb.append("\tredis.call('expire', KEYS[1], tonumber(ARGV[2]))\n"); sb.append("\treturn true\n"); sb.append("else\n"); sb.append("\treturn false\n"); sb.append("end"); SETNX_AND_EXPIRE_SCRIPT = new RedisScriptImpl<>(sb.toString(), Boolean.class); } private static final RedisScript<Boolean> DEL_IF_GET_EQUALS; sb.append("if (redis.call('get', KEYS[1]) == ARGV[1]) then\n"); sb.append("\tredis.call('del', KEYS[1])\n"); DEL_IF_GET_EQUALS = new RedisScriptImpl<>(sb.toString(), Boolean.class); public RedisLock(StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate, String lockKey) { this.stringRedisTemplate = stringRedisTemplate; this.lockKey = lockKey; this.lockValue = UUID.randomUUID().toString() + "." + System.currentTimeMillis(); private boolean doTryLock(int lockSeconds) { if (locked) { throw new IllegalStateException("already locked!"); } locked = stringRedisTemplate.execute(SETNX_AND_EXPIRE_SCRIPT, Collections.singletonList(lockKey), lockValue, String.valueOf(lockSeconds)); return locked; * 嘗試獲得鎖,成功返回true,如果失敗立即返回false * * @param lockSeconds 加鎖的時間(秒),超過這個時間后鎖會自動釋放 public boolean tryLock(int lockSeconds) { try { return doTryLock(lockSeconds); } catch (Exception e) { logger.error("tryLock Error", e); return false; * 輪詢的方式去獲得鎖,成功返回true,超過輪詢次數(shù)或異常返回false * @param lockSeconds 加鎖的時間(秒),超過這個時間后鎖會自動釋放 * @param tryIntervalMillis 輪詢的時間間隔(毫秒) * @param maxTryCount 最大的輪詢次數(shù) public boolean tryLock(final int lockSeconds, final long tryIntervalMillis, final int maxTryCount) { int tryCount = 0; while (true) { if (++tryCount >= maxTryCount) { // 獲取鎖超時 return false; } try { if (doTryLock(lockSeconds)) { return true; } } catch (Exception e) { logger.error("tryLock Error", e); Thread.sleep(tryIntervalMillis); } catch (InterruptedException e) { logger.error("tryLock interrupted", e); * 解鎖操作 public void unlock() { if (!locked) { throw new IllegalStateException("not locked yet!"); locked = false; // 忽略結(jié)果 stringRedisTemplate.execute(DEL_IF_GET_EQUALS, Collections.singletonList(lockKey), lockValue); private static class RedisScriptImpl<T> implements RedisScript<T> { private final String script; private final String sha1; private final Class<T> resultType; public RedisScriptImpl(String script, Class<T> resultType) { this.script = script; this.sha1 = DigestUtils.sha1DigestAsHex(script); this.resultType = resultType; @Override public String getSha1() { return sha1; public Class<T> getResultType() { return resultType; public String getScriptAsString() { return script; }
2、借鑒鎖實現(xiàn)Redis+Lua計數(shù)器
(1)工具類
package han.zhang.utils; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.script.DigestUtils; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.script.RedisScript; import java.util.Collections; public class CountUtil { private static final LogUtils logger = LogUtils.getLogger(CountUtil.class); private final StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate; /** * 使用腳本在redis服務(wù)器執(zhí)行這個邏輯可以在一定程度上保證此操作的原子性 * (即不會發(fā)生客戶端在執(zhí)行setNX和expire命令之間,發(fā)生崩潰或失去與服務(wù)器的連接導(dǎo)致expire沒有得到執(zhí)行,發(fā)生永久死計數(shù)器) * <p> * 除非腳本在redis服務(wù)器執(zhí)行時redis服務(wù)器發(fā)生崩潰,不過此種情況計數(shù)器也會失效 */ private static final RedisScript<Boolean> SET_AND_EXPIRE_SCRIPT; static { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); sb.append("local visitTimes = redis.call('incr', KEYS[1])\n"); sb.append("if (visitTimes == 1) then\n"); sb.append("\tredis.call('expire', KEYS[1], tonumber(ARGV[1]))\n"); sb.append("\treturn false\n"); sb.append("elseif(visitTimes > tonumber(ARGV[2])) then\n"); sb.append("\treturn true\n"); sb.append("else\n"); sb.append("end"); SET_AND_EXPIRE_SCRIPT = new RedisScriptImpl<>(sb.toString(), Boolean.class); } public CountUtil(StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate) { this.stringRedisTemplate = stringRedisTemplate; public boolean isOverMaxVisitTimes(String key, int seconds, int maxTimes) throws Exception { try { return stringRedisTemplate.execute(SET_AND_EXPIRE_SCRIPT, Collections.singletonList(key), String.valueOf(seconds), String.valueOf(maxTimes)); } catch (Exception e) { logger.error("RedisBusiness>>>isOverMaxVisitTimes; get visit times Exception; key:" + key + "result:" + e.getMessage()); throw new Exception("already Over MaxVisitTimes"); } private static class RedisScriptImpl<T> implements RedisScript<T> { private final String script; private final String sha1; private final Class<T> resultType; public RedisScriptImpl(String script, Class<T> resultType) { this.script = script; this.sha1 = DigestUtils.sha1DigestAsHex(script); this.resultType = resultType; @Override public String getSha1() { return sha1; public Class<T> getResultType() { return resultType; public String getScriptAsString() { return script; }
(2)調(diào)用測試代碼
public void run(String... strings) { CountUtil countUtil = new CountUtil(SpringUtils.getStringRedisTemplate()); try { for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { boolean overMax = countUtil.isOverMaxVisitTimes("zhanghantest", 600, 2); if (overMax) { System.out.println("超過i:" + i + ":" + overMax); } else { System.out.println("沒超過i:" + i + ":" + overMax); } } } catch (Exception e) { logger.error("Exception {}", e.getMessage()); } }
(3)測試結(jié)果
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