awk如何將多行文件轉(zhuǎn)換為一行

這篇文章主要介紹awk如何將多行文件轉(zhuǎn)換為一行，文中介紹的非常詳細，具有一定的參考價值，感興趣的小伙伴們一定要看完！

一、需求：

把這些數(shù)據(jù)庫文件轉(zhuǎn)換成一行，然后用scp -r 一次性作拷貝。

二、實例

[root@mysql5 ~]# cat /tmp/1
ga_10122
ga_10589
ga_11053
ga_11238
ga_11559
ga_11944
ga_12193
ga_13542
ga_35179
ga_36013
ga_36063
ga_36575
ga_36737
ga_36926
ga_37962
ga_39596
ga_39599
ga_39603
ga_39604
ga_39605
ga_39608
ga_39609
ga_39610
ga_39614
ga_39618
ga_39619
ga_39622
ga_39625
ga_39626
ga_39630
ga_39633
ga_39636
ga_39639
ga_39640
ga_39642
ga_39645
ga_39648
ga_39652
ga_39654
ga_39657
ga_39668
ga_39675
ga_39687
ga_39690
ga_39691
ga_39693
ga_39695
ga_39697
ga_39702
ga_39703
ga_39704
ga_39708
ga_39715
ga_39717
ga_39724
ga_39725
ga_39727
ga_39728
ga_39730
ga_39732
ga_39738
ga_39741
ga_39743
ga_39753
ga_39757
ga_39761
ga_39765

三、解決有三種

1、采用awk

[root@mysql5 ~]# awk BEGIN{RS=EOF}'{gsub(/\n/," ");print}' /tmp/1
ga_10122 ga_10589 ga_11053 ga_11238 ga_11559 ga_11944 ga_12193 ga_13542 ga_35179 ga_36013 ga_36063 ga_36575 ga_36737 ga_36926 ga_37962 ga_39596 ga_39599 ga_39603 ga_39604 ga_39605 ga_39608 ga_39609 ga_39610 ga_39614 ga_39618 ga_39619 ga_39622 ga_39625 ga_39626 ga_39630 ga_39633 ga_39636 ga_39639 ga_39640 ga_39642 ga_39645 ga_39648 ga_39652 ga_39654 ga_39657 ga_39668 ga_39675 ga_39687 ga_39690 ga_39691 ga_39693 ga_39695 ga_39697 ga_39702 ga_39703 ga_39704 ga_39708 ga_39715 ga_39717 ga_39724 ga_39725 ga_39727 ga_39728 ga_39730 ga_39732 ga_39738 ga_39741 ga_39743 ga_39753 ga_39757 ga_39761 ga_39765

awk默認將記錄分隔符（record separator即RS）設(shè)置為\n，此行代碼將RS設(shè)置為EOF（文件結(jié)束），也就是把文件視為一個記錄，然后通過gsub函數(shù)將\n替換成空格，最后輸出。

2、采用sed

[root@mysql5 ~]# sed ':a ; N;s/\n/ / ; t a ; ' /tmp/1
ga_10122 ga_10589 ga_11053 ga_11238 ga_11559 ga_11944 ga_12193 ga_13542 ga_35179 ga_36013 ga_36063 ga_36575 ga_36737 ga_36926 ga_37962 ga_39596 ga_39599 ga_39603 ga_39604 ga_39605 ga_39608 ga_39609 ga_39610 ga_39614 ga_39618 ga_39619 ga_39622 ga_39625 ga_39626 ga_39630 ga_39633 ga_39636 ga_39639 ga_39640 ga_39642 ga_39645 ga_39648 ga_39652 ga_39654 ga_39657 ga_39668 ga_39675 ga_39687 ga_39690 ga_39691 ga_39693 ga_39695 ga_39697 ga_39702 ga_39703 ga_39704 ga_39708 ga_39715 ga_39717 ga_39724 ga_39725 ga_39727 ga_39728 ga_39730 ga_39732 ga_39738 ga_39741 ga_39743 ga_39753 ga_39757 ga_39761 ga_39765

說明：sed默認只按行處理，N可以讓其讀入下一行，再對\n進行替換，這樣就可以將兩行并做一行。但是怎么將所有行并作一行呢？可以采用sed的跳轉(zhuǎn)功能。:a 在代碼開始處設(shè)置一個標記a，在代碼執(zhí)行到結(jié)尾處時利用跳轉(zhuǎn)命令t a重新跳轉(zhuǎn)到標號a處，重新執(zhí)行代碼，這樣就可以遞歸的將所有行合并成一行。

3、cat file | xargs

[root@mysql5 ~]# cat /tmp/1 | xargs
ga_10122 ga_10589 ga_11053 ga_11238 ga_11559 ga_11944 ga_12193 ga_13542 ga_35179 ga_36013 ga_36063 ga_36575 ga_36737 ga_36926 ga_37962 ga_39596 ga_39599 ga_39603 ga_39604 ga_39605 ga_39608 ga_39609 ga_39610 ga_39614 ga_39618 ga_39619 ga_39622 ga_39625 ga_39626 ga_39630 ga_39633 ga_39636 ga_39639 ga_39640 ga_39642 ga_39645 ga_39648 ga_39652 ga_39654 ga_39657 ga_39668 ga_39675 ga_39687 ga_39690 ga_39691 ga_39693 ga_39695 ga_39697 ga_39702 ga_39703 ga_39704 ga_39708 ga_39715 ga_39717 ga_39724 ga_39725 ga_39727 ga_39728 ga_39730 ga_39732 ga_39738 ga_39741 ga_39743 ga_39753 ga_39757 ga_39761 ga_39765

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