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今天主要將Spring、Hibernate集成進(jìn)CMS中,以及完成簡單的數(shù)據(jù)庫查詢。
首先集成Spring,首先web項(xiàng)目中加入jar,關(guān)于Spring的jar這里不做要求(最好都用3.0以上的),在web.xml中加入Spring的監(jiān)聽,引導(dǎo)項(xiàng)目啟動(dòng)Spring,配置contextConfigLocation這個(gè)參數(shù)來裝入Spring的配置文件。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="2.4" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"> <!-- Spring配置文件引入 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value> classpath:applicationContext.xml </param-value> </context-param> <!-- Struts2引入 --> <filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- Spring啟動(dòng)配置 --> <listener> <listener-class> org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </listener-class> </listener> <!-- 歡迎頁面 --> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>/public/index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
現(xiàn)在我們來看一下applicationContext.xml應(yīng)該怎么配置?
⑴首先自然不能少了數(shù)據(jù)庫連接配置:這里需要注意的就是數(shù)據(jù)源類型有幾種,根據(jù)個(gè)人喜好。這里我用BasicDataSource,需要引入commons-dbcp.jar,commons-pool.jar。
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver"></property> <property name="url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:orcl"></property> <property name="username" value="root"></property> <property name="password" value="123456"></property> </bean>
這樣配置數(shù)據(jù)源有2個(gè)缺點(diǎn),一個(gè)是數(shù)據(jù)庫密碼沒有加密,一個(gè)是參數(shù)值沒有外在化管理。
所謂外在化管理,就是將配置文件需要傳遞參數(shù)單獨(dú)用.properties文件保存。
Spring中有個(gè)標(biāo)簽可以很好的完成這項(xiàng)工作。目前applicationContext.xml文件配置如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd"> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" /> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"></property> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"></property> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"></property> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property> </bean> </beans>
jdbc.properties文件內(nèi)容:(數(shù)據(jù)庫配置根據(jù)自己需要配置)
jdbc.driverClassName=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver jdbc.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:orcl jdbc.username=cms jdbc.password=cms
現(xiàn)在我們?cè)赟pring中集成Hibernate,Spring集成Hibernate有兩種:
1 .完全使用hibernate編寫dao層,把dao注入到spring由spring來管理生命周期,這種方式的好處是dao層與spring沒有耦合關(guān)系;缺點(diǎn)是需要謹(jǐn)慎處理hibernate的session 關(guān)閉, exception, transaction.
2 .使用spring的HibernateDaoSupport.這樣的話dao層使用spring提供的一系列模板方法,同時(shí)不用關(guān)心session, exception,事務(wù)管理也交給了spring.第一種方式就不說了,基本無需改變dao層。只需要把dao注入就可以了,就學(xué)習(xí)一下第二種
在applicationContext.xml配置hibernate,主要分成3個(gè)部分:
1.引入數(shù)據(jù)源配置,即上面dataSource。
2.hibernate屬性配置。
3.實(shí)體類加載,兩種方法:要么自己列出來,要么要系統(tǒng)自己去讀取。
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <value> <!-- 設(shè)置數(shù)據(jù)庫方言 --> hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect <!-- 設(shè)置自動(dòng)創(chuàng)建|更新|驗(yàn)證數(shù)據(jù)庫表結(jié)構(gòu) --> hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=none <!-- 是否在控制臺(tái)顯示sql --> hibernate.show_sql=true </value> </property> <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.bean" /> </bean>
以上關(guān)于數(shù)據(jù)庫的配置基本已經(jīng)完成,關(guān)于事務(wù)控制等用到在配置。
現(xiàn)在我們可以開始去完成簡單的登錄了,關(guān)于系統(tǒng)中acegi配置暫時(shí)不解析,我們主要驗(yàn)證數(shù)據(jù)庫是否配置成功。
這里強(qiáng)調(diào)一下,關(guān)于hibernate的jar引用,根據(jù)錯(cuò)誤提示自己去百度,這里我就不列舉需要哪些jar了。
我們回到上一章的index.jsp,我們知道CMS內(nèi)容展示系統(tǒng)主要在系統(tǒng)剛進(jìn)入主頁就會(huì)展示一些內(nèi)容,因此這里我們要修改一下進(jìn)入index.jsp的方式,前面我們用welcome-file來直接進(jìn)主頁,現(xiàn)在我們這用welcome-file配置的頁面調(diào)用action來查詢數(shù)據(jù)然后返回index.jsp來展示數(shù)據(jù)。
先新增toindex.jsp
<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="utf-8"%> <jsp:forward page="index.do"></jsp:forward>
然后修改web.xml中welcome-file來調(diào)用struts2中的action
<welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>toindex.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list>
我們主要是先檢驗(yàn)hibernate是否能使用,因此先制作新聞?lì)^條這個(gè)功能,我們?cè)趕truts.xml中添加index
這個(gè)action,struts.xml如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1.7//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.7.dtd"> <struts> <constant name="struts.action.extension" value="do" /> <package name="CMS" extends="struts-default"> <action name="index" class="com.action.LoginAction" method="toIndex"> <result name="success">public/index.jsp</result> </action> </package> </struts>
關(guān)于進(jìn)首頁就調(diào)用action,這里我遇到第一個(gè)瓶頸,首先是struts.xml中未配置以下
<constant name="struts.action.extension" value="do" />
那么我的struts2請(qǐng)求一直是404,因?yàn)榍懊骊P(guān)于struts2的集成我的配置結(jié)果如下,如果配置成*.action就不用配置上面常量,do是因?yàn)閭€(gè)人配置。
<filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>
現(xiàn)在我們編寫先編寫hibernate接口類,此類的作用主要是復(fù)用,大家應(yīng)該清楚基本上簡單的實(shí)體類都存在增、刪、改、查,因此我們需要將這些方法都提取出來,根據(jù)傳遞參數(shù)不同來實(shí)現(xiàn)代碼的復(fù)用。
IHibernateSupportDao.java
package com.dao; import java.util.List; import org.hibernate.criterion.DetachedCriteria; /** * * @author zangyn * @date 2016-11-14 下午6:14:40 * @Description: hibernate復(fù)用類,提供所有實(shí)體類能夠重復(fù)使用的方法 * @throws */ public interface IHibernateSupportDao<T> { /** * * @author zangyn * @date 2016-11-14 下午6:15:27 * @Title: findByExample * @Description: 根據(jù)sql查詢結(jié)果 * @return List 返回類型 * @throws */ public abstract List findByExample(DetachedCriteria dc); }
IHibernateSupportDaoImpl.java
package com.dao.impl; import java.util.List; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.hibernate.criterion.DetachedCriteria; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; import com.dao.IHibernateSupportDao; public class IHibernateSupportDaoImpl<T> implements IHibernateSupportDao<T>{ @Autowired public SessionFactory sessionFactory; @Transactional @Override public List findByExample(DetachedCriteria dc) { return dc.getExecutableCriteria(sessionFactory.getCurrentSession()).list(); } }這里用sessionFactory.getCurrentSession()獲取session,還有一種方法是openSession(),這兩種方法是由區(qū)別的,具體網(wǎng)上都有,這里我們會(huì)遇到一個(gè)問題,我們必須在applicationContext.xml中添加Spring事務(wù)控制,然后在dao層數(shù)據(jù)庫方法上添加@Transactional 這個(gè)注解
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
這樣essionFactory.getCurrentSession()這個(gè)方法才能用,具體網(wǎng)上也有講解,有疑問的可以查找。實(shí)體類NewsEntity
package com.bean; import java.io.Serializable; import java.util.Date; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.GenerationType; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.Table; @SuppressWarnings("serial") @Entity @Table(name="news") public class NewsEntity implements Serializable{ private Integer id; private String title; //標(biāo)題 private String author; //作者 private String source; //來源 private Date pubtime=new Date(); //發(fā)布時(shí)間 private String content; //內(nèi)容 private Integer viewNum=0; //瀏覽數(shù)目 private String img; //新聞封面圖片 private Integer status=1; //新聞狀態(tài) 1普通,2推薦, 3欄目頭條, 4首頁flash 圖片新聞 @Id @GeneratedValue public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } @Column(name="title",length=50,nullable=false) public String getTitle() { return title; } public void setTitle(String title) { this.title = title; } @Column(name="author",length=10,nullable=true) public String getAuthor() { return author; } public void setAuthor(String author) { this.author = author; } @Column(name="source",length=20,nullable=true) public String getSource() { return source; } public void setSource(String source) { this.source = source; } @Column(name="pubtime") public Date getPubtime() { return pubtime; } public void setPubtime(Date pubtime) { this.pubtime = pubtime; } @Column(name="content",length=65535,nullable=false) public String getContent() { return content; } public void setContent(String content) { this.content = content; } @Column(name="viewnum") public Integer getViewNum() { return viewNum; } public void setViewNum(Integer viewNum) { this.viewNum = viewNum; } @Column(name="img",length=50,nullable=true) public String getImg() { return img; } public void setImg(String img) { this.img = img; } @Column(name="status") public Integer getStatus() { return status; } public void setStatus(Integer status) { this.status = status; } }
Service層NewService.java
package com.service; import java.util.List; import org.hibernate.criterion.DetachedCriteria; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import com.bean.NewsEntity; import com.dao.NewDao; @Service public class NewService { @Autowired private NewDao newDao; public List<NewsEntity> getNewList(DetachedCriteria newsBigImgdc){ return newDao.findByExample(newsBigImgdc); } }
DAO層NewDao.java
package com.dao; import com.bean.NewsEntity; public interface NewDao extends IHibernateSupportDao<NewsEntity>{ }
NewDaoImpl.java
package com.dao.impl; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import com.bean.NewsEntity; import com.dao.NewDao; @Repository public class NewDaoImpl extends IHibernateSupportDaoImpl<NewsEntity> implements NewDao{ }
LoginAction.java
package com.action; import java.util.List; import org.hibernate.criterion.DetachedCriteria; import org.hibernate.criterion.Restrictions; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import com.bean.NewsEntity; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; import com.service.NewService; @Controller public class LoginAction extends ActionSupport{ @Autowired private NewService service; private List<NewsEntity> newsBigImgList; public List<NewsEntity> getNewsBigImgList() { return newsBigImgList; } public void setNewsBigImgList(List<NewsEntity> newsBigImgList) { this.newsBigImgList = newsBigImgList; } public String toIndex(){ DetachedCriteria newsBigImgdc = DetachedCriteria.forClass(NewsEntity.class); newsBigImgdc.add(Restrictions.eq("status", 4)); newsBigImgList=service.getNewList(newsBigImgdc); return SUCCESS; } }
在上面代碼我們可以看到我用了@AutoWired自動(dòng)注入,這里我遇到第二個(gè)糾結(jié)的問題,就是bean已經(jīng)在容器里了,但是這里一直不能注入,查找了很多資料,后面才發(fā)現(xiàn)我們必須引入struts2-spring-plugin-2.1.8.1.jar這個(gè)jar包,這個(gè)是spring與struts2整合用的包。
現(xiàn)在我們?cè)跀?shù)據(jù)庫創(chuàng)建表和加入數(shù)據(jù)
create table NEWS ( id NUMBER, content CLOB, source VARCHAR2(20), status NUMBER, title VARCHAR2(50), author VARCHAR2(10), pubtime DATE, viewnum NUMBER, img VARCHAR2(50), menuid NUMBER ) insert into news (ID, CONTENT, SOURCE, STATUS, TITLE, AUTHOR, PUBTIME, VIEWNUM, IMG, MENUID) values (10, '<CLOB>', '校園網(wǎng)', 4, '大一美女新生報(bào)道', 'admin', to_date('27-04-2013 17:33:39', 'dd-mm-yyyy hh34:mi:ss'), 0, '20060502213355913.jpg', 3); insert into news (ID, CONTENT, SOURCE, STATUS, TITLE, AUTHOR, PUBTIME, VIEWNUM, IMG, MENUID) values (12, '<CLOB>', '哈哈', 4, '這個(gè)校園動(dòng)態(tài)新聞1,你懂的。', 'admin', to_date('27-04-2013 17:35:24', 'dd-mm-yyyy hh34:mi:ss'), 0, '200812201116135572.jpg', 3); insert into news (ID, CONTENT, SOURCE, STATUS, TITLE, AUTHOR, PUBTIME, VIEWNUM, IMG, MENUID) values (13, '<CLOB>', '哈哈', 2, '這個(gè)校園動(dòng)態(tài)新聞2,你懂的。', 'admin', to_date('27-04-2013 17:35:42', 'dd-mm-yyyy hh34:mi:ss'), 0, null, 3); insert into news (ID, CONTENT, SOURCE, STATUS, TITLE, AUTHOR, PUBTIME, VIEWNUM, IMG, MENUID) values (14, '<CLOB>', '哈哈', 1, '這個(gè)校園動(dòng)態(tài)新聞1,你懂的。', 'admin', to_date('27-04-2013 17:36:34', 'dd-mm-yyyy hh34:mi:ss'), 0, null, 3); insert into news (ID, CONTENT, SOURCE, STATUS, TITLE, AUTHOR, PUBTIME, VIEWNUM, IMG, MENUID) values (15, '<CLOB>', '哈哈', 1, '這個(gè)校園風(fēng)采新聞1,你懂的。', 'admin', to_date('27-04-2013 17:37:10', 'dd-mm-yyyy hh34:mi:ss'), 0, null, 4); insert into news (ID, CONTENT, SOURCE, STATUS, TITLE, AUTHOR, PUBTIME, VIEWNUM, IMG, MENUID) values (16, '<CLOB>', '哈哈', 2, '這個(gè)校園風(fēng)采新聞2,你懂的。', 'admin', to_date('27-04-2013 17:37:19', 'dd-mm-yyyy hh34:mi:ss'), 0, null, 4); insert into news (ID, CONTENT, SOURCE, STATUS, TITLE, AUTHOR, PUBTIME, VIEWNUM, IMG, MENUID) values (17, '<CLOB>', '哈哈', 2, '這個(gè)校園風(fēng)采新聞2,你懂的。', 'admin', to_date('27-04-2013 17:37:19', 'dd-mm-yyyy hh34:mi:ss'), 0, null, 4); insert into news (ID, CONTENT, SOURCE, STATUS, TITLE, AUTHOR, PUBTIME, VIEWNUM, IMG, MENUID) values (18, '<CLOB>', '哈哈', 2, '這個(gè)校園風(fēng)采新聞1,你懂的。', 'admin', to_date('27-04-2013 17:37:27', 'dd-mm-yyyy hh34:mi:ss'), 0, null, 4);
這時(shí)候我們進(jìn)入首頁就會(huì)查詢這張表并展示,注意index.jsp頁面的這一塊,循環(huán)遍歷查詢到的list,然后輪詢展示,這個(gè)以后遇到了可以借鑒。
<div > <script type=text/javascript> var focus_width=300; var focus_height=230; var swf_height = focus_height; var picPath='${cms}/p_w_picpaths/'; var pics=''; var links=''; <c:forEach items="${newsBigImgList}" var="nb"> pics+=picPath+'<c:out value="${nb.img}"/>|'; links+="<c:url value="/news/see.do?id=${nb.id}"/>|"; </c:forEach> pics=pics.substring(0,pics.length-1); links=links.substring(0,links.length-1); var flash_path='<c:url value="/p_w_picpaths/s_flash.swf"/>'; document.write('<object classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" codebase="http://fpdownload.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,0,0" width="'+ focus_width +'" height="'+ swf_height +'">'); document.write('<param name="allowScriptAccess" value="sameDomain"><param name="movie" value="'+flash_path+'"><param name="quality" value="high"><param name="bgcolor" value="#F0F0F0">'); document.write('<param name="menu" value="false"><param name=wmode value="opaque">'); document.write('<param name="FlashVars" value="pics='+pics+'&links='+links+'&borderwidth='+focus_width+'&borderheight='+focus_height+'">'); document.write('<embed src="'+flash_path+'" wmode="opaque" FlashVars="pics='+pics+'&links='+links+'&borderwidth='+focus_width+'&borderheight='+focus_height+'" menu="false" bgcolor="#F0F0F0" quality="high" width="'+ focus_width +'" height="'+ swf_height +'" allowScriptAccess="sameDomain" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer" />'); document.write('</object>'); </script> </div>
我們看一下現(xiàn)在的效果圖:
目前已經(jīng)初步完成了SSH3個(gè)框架之間的集成,剩下的就是添加其他的功能,關(guān)于權(quán)限的控制我們后面需要重點(diǎn)做,這節(jié)的代碼我上傳到51,地址:http://down.51cto.com/data/2259941
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