利用Python 實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)將圖片轉(zhuǎn)換成字符畫的國內(nèi)

def img2strimg(frame, K=5):  
  if type(frame) != np.ndarray:
    frame = np.array(frame)
  height, width, *_ = frame.shape 
  frame_gray = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
  frame_array = np.float32(frame_gray.reshape(-1))
  criteria = (cv2.TERM_CRITERIA_EPS + cv2.TERM_CRITERIA_MAX_ITER, 10, 1.0)
  flags = cv2.KMEANS_RANDOM_CENTERS
  # 得到 labels(類別)、centroids(矩心)
  compactness, labels, centroids = cv2.kmeans(frame_array, K, None, criteria, 10, flags)
  centroids = np.uint8(centroids)
  # labels 的數(shù)個(gè)矩心以隨機(jī)順序排列，所以需要簡單處理矩心
  centroids = centroids.flatten()
  centroids_sorted = sorted(centroids)
  # 獲得不同 centroids 的明暗程度，0 為最暗
  centroids_index = np.array([centroids_sorted.index(value) for value in centroids])
  bright = [abs((3 * i - 2 * K) / (3 * K)) for i in range(1, 1 + K)]
  bright_bound = bright.index(np.min(bright))
  shadow = [abs((3 * i - K) / (3 * K)) for i in range(1, 1 + K)]
  shadow_bound = shadow.index(np.min(shadow))
  labels = labels.flatten()
  # 將 labels 轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閷?shí)際的明暗程度列表
  labels = centroids_index[labels]
  # 解析列表
  labels_picked = [labels[rows * width:(rows + 1) * width:2] for rows in range(0, height, 2)]
  canvas = np.zeros((3 * height, 3 * width, 3), np.uint8)
	# 創(chuàng)建長寬為原圖三倍的白色畫布
  canvas.fill(255)
  y = 8
  for rows in labels_picked:
    x = 0
    for cols in rows:
      if cols <= shadow_bound:
        cv2.putText(canvas, str(random.randint(2, 9)),
              (x, y), cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_PLAIN, 0.45, 1)
      elif cols <= bright_bound:
        cv2.putText(canvas, "-", (x, y),
              cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_PLAIN, 0.4, 0, 1)
      x += 6
    y += 6
  return canvas

# 拆分 gif 將每一幀處理成字符畫
def gif2pic(file, ascii_chars, isgray, font, scale):
  '''
  file: gif 文件
  ascii_chars: 灰度值對應(yīng)的字符串
  isgray: 是否黑白
  font: ImageFont 對象
  scale: 縮放比例
  '''
  im = Image.open(file)
  path = os.getcwd()
  if(not os.path.exists(path+"/tmp")):
    os.mkdir(path+"/tmp")
  os.chdir(path+"/tmp")
  # 清空 tmp 目錄下內(nèi)容
  for f in os.listdir(path+"/tmp"):
    os.remove(f)
  try:
    while 1:
      current = im.tell()
      name = file.split('.')[0]+'_tmp_'+str(current)+'.png'
      # 保存每一幀圖片
      im.save(name)
      # 將每一幀處理為字符畫
      img2ascii(name, ascii_chars, isgray, font, scale)
      # 繼續(xù)處理下一幀
      im.seek(current+1)
  except:
    os.chdir(path)

# 將不同的灰度值映射為 ASCII 字符
def get_char(ascii_chars, r, g, b):
  length = len(ascii_chars)
  gray = int(0.2126 * r + 0.7152 * g + 0.0722 * b)
  return ascii_chars[int(gray/(256/length))]


# 將圖片處理成字符畫
def img2ascii(img, ascii_chars, isgray, font, scale):
  scale = scale
  # 將圖片轉(zhuǎn)換為 RGB 模式
  im = Image.open(img).convert('RGB')
  # 設(shè)定處理后的字符畫大小
  raw_width = int(im.width * scale)
  raw_height = int(im.height * scale)
  # 獲取設(shè)定的字體的尺寸
  font_x, font_y = font.getsize(' ')
  # 確定單元的大小
  block_x = int(font_x * scale)
  block_y = int(font_y * scale)
  # 確定長寬各有幾個(gè)單元
  w = int(raw_width/block_x)
  h = int(raw_height/block_y)
  # 將每個(gè)單元縮小為一個(gè)像素
  im = im.resize((w, h), Image.NEAREST)
  # txts 和 colors 分別存儲(chǔ)對應(yīng)塊的 ASCII 字符和 RGB 值
  txts = []
  colors = []
  for i in range(h):
    line = ''
    lineColor = []
    for j in range(w):
      pixel = im.getpixel((j, i))
      lineColor.append((pixel[0], pixel[1], pixel[2]))
      line += get_char(ascii_chars, pixel[0], pixel[1], pixel[2])
    txts.append(line)
    colors.append(lineColor)
  # 創(chuàng)建新畫布
  img_txt = Image.new('RGB', (raw_width, raw_height), (255, 255, 255))
  # 創(chuàng)建 ImageDraw 對象以寫入 ASCII
  draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img_txt)
  for j in range(len(txts)):
    for i in range(len(txts[0])):
      if isgray:
        draw.text((i * block_x, j * block_y), txts[j][i], (119,136,153))
      else:
        draw.text((i * block_x, j * block_y), txts[j][i], colors[j][i])
  img_txt.save(img)

# 讀取 tmp 目錄下文件合成 gif
def pic2gif(dir_name, out_name, duration):
  path = os.getcwd()
  os.chdir(dir_name)
  dirs = os.listdir()
  images = []
  num = 0
  for d in dirs:
    images.append(imageio.imread(d))
    num += 1
  os.chdir(path)
  imageio.mimsave(out_name + '_ascii.gif',images,duration = duration)