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這篇文章給大家介紹Spring Boot怎樣進(jìn)行整合elasticsearch,內(nèi)容非常詳細(xì),感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考借鑒,希望對(duì)大家能有所幫助。
我們的應(yīng)用經(jīng)常需要添加檢索功能,開(kāi)源的 ElasticSearch 是目前全文搜索引擎的 首選。他可以快速的存儲(chǔ)、搜索和分析海量數(shù)據(jù)。Spring Boot通過(guò)整合Spring Data ElasticSearch為我們提供了非常便捷的檢索功能支持;
Elasticsearch是一個(gè)分布式搜索服務(wù),提供Restful API,底層基于Lucene,采用 多shard(分片)的方式保證數(shù)據(jù)安全,并且提供自動(dòng)resharding的功能,github 等大型的站點(diǎn)也是采用了ElasticSearch作為其搜索服務(wù),
我們采用 docker鏡像安裝的方式。
#下載鏡像 docker pull elasticsearch #啟動(dòng)鏡像,elasticsearch 啟動(dòng)是會(huì)默認(rèn)分配2G的內(nèi)存 ,我們啟動(dòng)是設(shè)置小一點(diǎn),防止我們內(nèi)存不夠啟動(dòng)失敗 #9200是elasticsearch 默認(rèn)的web通信接口,9300是分布式情況下,elasticsearch個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)通信的端口 docker run -e ES_JAVA_OPTS="-Xms256m -Xmx256m" -d -p 9200:9200 -p 9300:9300 --name es01 5c1e1ecfe33a
訪問(wèn) 127.0.0.1:9200 如下圖,說(shuō)明安裝成功
以 員工文檔 的形式存儲(chǔ)為例:一個(gè)文檔代表一個(gè)員工數(shù)據(jù)。存儲(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)到 ElasticSearch 的行為叫做索引 ,但在索引一個(gè)文檔之前,需要確定將文檔存 儲(chǔ)在哪里。
一個(gè) ElasticSearch 集群可以 包含多個(gè)索引 ,相應(yīng)的每個(gè)索引可以包含多個(gè)類型。這些不同的類型存儲(chǔ)著多個(gè)文檔 ,每個(gè)文檔又有 多個(gè) 屬性 。
類似關(guān)系:
索引-數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
類型-表
文檔-表中的記錄 – 屬性-列
elasticsearch使用可以參早官方文檔,在這里不在講解。
創(chuàng)建項(xiàng)目 springboot-elasticsearch,引入web支持
SpringBoot 提供了兩種方式操作elasticsearch,Jest 和 SpringData。
Jest是ElasticSearch的Java HTTP Rest客戶端。
ElasticSearch已經(jīng)有一個(gè)Java API,ElasticSearch也在內(nèi)部使用它,但是Jest填補(bǔ)了空白,它是ElasticSearch Http Rest接口缺少的客戶端。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.gf</groupId> <artifactId>springboot-elasticsearch</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>springboot-elasticsearch</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.1.1.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.searchbox</groupId> <artifactId>jest</artifactId> <version>5.3.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
####2. application.properties
spring.elasticsearch.jest.uris=http://127.0.0.1:9200
package com.gf.entity; import io.searchbox.annotations.JestId; public class Article { @JestId private Integer id; private String author; private String title; private String content; public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getAuthor() { return author; } public void setAuthor(String author) { this.author = author; } public String getTitle() { return title; } public void setTitle(String title) { this.title = title; } public String getContent() { return content; } public void setContent(String content) { this.content = content; } @Override public String toString() { final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder( "{\"Article\":{" ); sb.append( "\"id\":" ) .append( id ); sb.append( ",\"author\":\"" ) .append( author ).append( '\"' ); sb.append( ",\"title\":\"" ) .append( title ).append( '\"' ); sb.append( ",\"content\":\"" ) .append( content ).append( '\"' ); sb.append( "}}" ); return sb.toString(); } }
package com.gf; import com.gf.entity.Article; import io.searchbox.client.JestClient; import io.searchbox.core.Index; import io.searchbox.core.Search; import io.searchbox.core.SearchResult; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner; import java.io.IOException; @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) @SpringBootTest public class SpringbootElasticsearchApplicationTests { @Autowired JestClient jestClient; @Test public void createIndex() { //1. 給ES中索引(保存)一個(gè)文檔 Article article = new Article(); article.setId( 1 ); article.setTitle( "好消息" ); article.setAuthor( "張三" ); article.setContent( "Hello World" ); //2. 構(gòu)建一個(gè)索引 Index index = new Index.Builder( article ).index( "gf" ).type( "news" ).build(); try { //3. 執(zhí)行 jestClient.execute( index ); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Test public void search() { //查詢表達(dá)式 String query = "{\n" + " \"query\" : {\n" + " \"match\" : {\n" + " \"content\" : \"hello\"\n" + " }\n" + " }\n" + "}"; //構(gòu)建搜索功能 Search search = new Search.Builder( query ).addIndex( "gf" ).addType( "news" ).build(); try { //執(zhí)行 SearchResult result = jestClient.execute( search ); System.out.println(result.getJsonString()); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
Jest的更多api ,可以參照github的文檔:https://github.com/searchbox-io/Jest
spring.data.elasticsearch.cluster-name=elasticsearch spring.data.elasticsearch.cluster-nodes=127.0.0.1:9300
package com.gf.entity; @Document( indexName = "gf" , type = "book") public class Book { private Integer id; private String bookName; private String author; public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getBookName() { return bookName; } public void setBookName(String bookName) { this.bookName = bookName; } public String getAuthor() { return author; } public void setAuthor(String author) { this.author = author; } @Override public String toString() { final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder( "{\"Book\":{" ); sb.append( "\"id\":" ) .append( id ); sb.append( ",\"bookName\":\"" ) .append( bookName ).append( '\"' ); sb.append( ",\"author\":\"" ) .append( author ).append( '\"' ); sb.append( "}}" ); return sb.toString(); } }
package com.gf.repository; import com.gf.entity.Book; import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.repository.ElasticsearchRepository; import java.util.List; public interface BookRepository extends ElasticsearchRepository<Book, Integer>{ List<Book> findByBookNameLike(String bookName); }
package com.gf; import com.gf.entity.Article; import com.gf.entity.Book; import com.gf.repository.BookRepository; import io.searchbox.client.JestClient; import io.searchbox.core.Index; import io.searchbox.core.Search; import io.searchbox.core.SearchResult; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.List; @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) @SpringBootTest public class SpringbootElasticsearchApplicationTests { @Autowired BookRepository bookRepository; @Test public void createIndex2(){ Book book = new Book(); book.setId(1); book.setBookName("西游記"); book.setAuthor( "吳承恩" ); bookRepository.index( book ); } @Test public void useFind() { List<Book> list = bookRepository.findByBookNameLike( "游" ); for (Book book : list) { System.out.println(book); } } }
我們啟動(dòng)測(cè)試 ,發(fā)現(xiàn)報(bào)錯(cuò) 。
這個(gè)報(bào)錯(cuò)的原因是springData的版本與我elasticsearch的版本有沖突,下午是springData官方文檔給出的適配表。
我們使用的springdata elasticsearch的 版本是3.1.3 ,對(duì)應(yīng)的版本應(yīng)該是6.2.2版本,而我們是的 elasticsearch 是 5.6.9,所以目前我們需要更換elasticsearch的版本為6.X
docker pull elasticsearch:6.5.1 docker run -e ES_JAVA_OPTS="-Xms256m -Xmx256m" -d -p 9200:9200 -p 9300:9300 --name es02 鏡像ID
訪問(wèn)127.0.0.1:9200
集群名為docker-cluster,所以我們要修改application.properties的配置了
spring.data.elasticsearch.cluster-name=docker-cluster spring.data.elasticsearch.cluster-nodes=127.0.0.1:9300
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