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這篇“InterProcessMutex實現(xiàn)zookeeper分布式鎖原理是什么”文章的知識點大部分人都不太理解,所以小編給大家總結了以下內(nèi)容,內(nèi)容詳細,步驟清晰,具有一定的借鑒價值,希望大家閱讀完這篇文章能有所收獲,下面我們一起來看看這篇“InterProcessMutex實現(xiàn)zookeeper分布式鎖原理是什么”文章吧。
zookeeper實現(xiàn)分布式鎖的原理就是多個節(jié)點同時在一個指定的節(jié)點下面創(chuàng)建臨時會話順序節(jié)點,誰創(chuàng)建的節(jié)點序號最小,誰就獲得了鎖,并且其他節(jié)點就會監(jiān)聽序號比自己小的節(jié)點,一旦序號比自己小的節(jié)點被刪除了,其他節(jié)點就會得到相應的事件,然后查看自己是否為序號最小的節(jié)點,如果是,則獲取鎖。
InterProcessMutex實現(xiàn)的鎖機制是公平且互斥的,公平的方式是按照每個請求的順序進行排隊的。
InterProcessMutex實現(xiàn)的InterProcessLock接口,InterProcessLock主要規(guī)范了如下幾個方法:
// 獲取互斥鎖 public void acquire() throws Exception; // 在給定的時間內(nèi)獲取互斥鎖 public boolean acquire(long time, TimeUnit unit) throws Exception; // 釋放鎖處理 public void release() throws Exception; // 如果此JVM中的線程獲取了互斥鎖,則返回true boolean isAcquiredInThisProcess();
接下來我們看看InterProcessMutex中的實現(xiàn),它究竟有哪些屬性,以及實現(xiàn)細節(jié)
public class InterProcessMutex implements InterProcessLock, Revocable<InterProcessMutex> { // LockInternals是真正實現(xiàn)操作zookeeper的類,它內(nèi)部包含連接zookeeper客戶端的CuratorFramework // LockInternals的具體實現(xiàn)后面我會講到 private final LockInternals internals; // basePath是鎖的根結點,所有的臨時有序的節(jié)點都是basePath的子節(jié)點, private final String basePath; // private final ConcurrentMap<Thread, LockData> threadData = Maps.newConcurrentMap(); // LockData封裝了請求對應的線程(owningThread)、鎖的重入的次數(shù)(lockCount)、線程對應的臨時節(jié)點(lockPath) private static class LockData { final Thread owningThread; final String lockPath; // 原子性的 final AtomicInteger lockCount = new AtomicInteger(1); private LockData(Thread owningThread, String lockPath) { this.owningThread = owningThread; this.lockPath = lockPath; } } private static final String LOCK_NAME = "lock-"; // 獲取互斥鎖,阻塞【InterProcessLock的實現(xiàn)】 @Override public void acquire() throws Exception { // 獲取鎖,一直等待 if ( !internalLock(-1, null) ) { throw new IOException("Lost connection while trying to acquire lock: " + basePath); } } // 獲取互斥鎖,指定時間time【InterProcessLock的實現(xiàn)】 @Override public boolean acquire(long time, TimeUnit unit) throws Exception { return internalLock(time, unit); } // 當前線程是否占用鎖中【InterProcessLock的實現(xiàn)】 @Override public boolean isAcquiredInThisProcess() { return (threadData.size() > 0); } //如果調(diào)用線程與獲取互斥鎖的線程相同,則執(zhí)行一次互斥鎖釋放。如果線程已多次調(diào)用acquire,當此方法返回時,互斥鎖仍將保留 【InterProcessLock的實現(xiàn)】 @Override public void release() throws Exception { Thread currentThread = Thread.currentThread(); //當前線程 LockData lockData = threadData.get(currentThread); //線程對應的鎖信息 if ( lockData == null ) { throw new IllegalMonitorStateException("You do not own the lock: " + basePath); } // 因為獲取到的鎖是可重入的,對lockCount進行減1,lockCount=0時才是真正釋放鎖 int newLockCount = lockData.lockCount.decrementAndGet(); if ( newLockCount > 0 ) { return; } if ( newLockCount < 0 ) { throw new IllegalMonitorStateException("Lock count has gone negative for lock: " + basePath); } try { // 到這里時lockCount=0,具體釋放鎖的操作交給LockInternals中的releaseLock方法實現(xiàn) internals.releaseLock(lockData.lockPath); } finally { threadData.remove(currentThread); } } // 獲取basePath根結點下的所有臨時節(jié)點的有序集合 public Collection<String> getParticipantNodes() throws Exception { return LockInternals.getParticipantNodes(internals.getClient(), basePath, internals.getLockName(), internals.getDriver()); } boolean isOwnedByCurrentThread() { LockData lockData = threadData.get(Thread.currentThread()); return (lockData != null) && (lockData.lockCount.get() > 0); } protected String getLockPath() { LockData lockData = threadData.get(Thread.currentThread()); return lockData != null ? lockData.lockPath : null; } // acquire()中調(diào)用的internalLock()方法 private boolean internalLock(long time, TimeUnit unit) throws Exception { Thread currentThread = Thread.currentThread(); LockData lockData = threadData.get(currentThread); if ( lockData != null ) { // 如果當前線程已經(jīng)獲取到了鎖,那么將重入次數(shù)lockCount+1,返回true lockData.lockCount.incrementAndGet(); return true; } // attemptLock方法是獲取鎖的真正實現(xiàn),lockPath是當前線程成功在basePath下創(chuàng)建的節(jié)點,若lockPath不為空代表成功獲取到鎖 String lockPath = internals.attemptLock(time, unit, getLockNodeBytes()); if ( lockPath != null ) { // lockPath封裝到當前線程對應的鎖信息中 LockData newLockData = new LockData(currentThread, lockPath); threadData.put(currentThread, newLockData); return true; } return false; } }
接下來我們看看InterProcessMutex中使用的LockInternals類的實現(xiàn)細節(jié)
public class LockInternals { private final CuratorFramework client; // 連接zookeeper的客戶端 private final String path; // 等于basePath,InterProcessMutex中傳進來的 private final String basePath; // 根結點 private final LockInternalsDriver driver; // 操作zookeeper節(jié)點的driver private final String lockName; // "lock-" private final AtomicReference<RevocationSpec> revocable = new AtomicReference<RevocationSpec>(null); private final CuratorWatcher revocableWatcher = new CuratorWatcher() { @Override public void process(WatchedEvent event) throws Exception { if ( event.getType() == Watcher.Event.EventType.NodeDataChanged ) { checkRevocableWatcher(event.getPath()); } } }; // 監(jiān)聽節(jié)點的監(jiān)聽器,若被監(jiān)聽的節(jié)點有動靜,則喚醒 notifyFromWatcher()=>notifyAll(); private final Watcher watcher = new Watcher() { @Override public void process(WatchedEvent event) { notifyFromWatcher(); } }; private volatile int maxLeases; // 獲取basePath的子節(jié)點,排序后的 public static List<String> getSortedChildren(CuratorFramework client, String basePath, final String lockName, final LockInternalsSorter sorter) throws Exception { List<String> children = client.getChildren().forPath(basePath); List<String> sortedList = Lists.newArrayList(children); Collections.sort ( sortedList, new Comparator<String>() { @Override public int compare(String lhs, String rhs) { return sorter.fixForSorting(lhs, lockName).compareTo(sorter.fixForSorting(rhs, lockName)); } } ); return sortedList; } // 嘗試獲取鎖【internalLock=>attemptLock】 String attemptLock(long time, TimeUnit unit, byte[] lockNodeBytes) throws Exception { // 開始時間 final long startMillis = System.currentTimeMillis(); // 記錄等待時間 final Long millisToWait = (unit != null) ? unit.toMillis(time) : null; final byte[] localLockNodeBytes = (revocable.get() != null) ? new byte[0] : lockNodeBytes; // 重試次數(shù) int retryCount = 0; // 當前節(jié)點 String ourPath = null; // 是否獲取到鎖的標志 boolean hasTheLock = false; // 是否放棄獲取到標志 boolean isDone = false; // 不停嘗試獲取 while ( !isDone ) { isDone = true; try { // 創(chuàng)建當前線程對應的節(jié)點 ourPath = driver.createsTheLock(client, path, localLockNodeBytes); // internalLockLoop中獲取 hasTheLock = internalLockLoop(startMillis, millisToWait, ourPath); } catch ( KeeperException.NoNodeException e ) { // 是否可再次嘗試 if ( client.getZookeeperClient().getRetryPolicy().allowRetry(retryCount++, System.currentTimeMillis() - startMillis, RetryLoop.getDefaultRetrySleeper()) ) { isDone = false; } else { throw e; } } } // 獲取到鎖后,返回當前線程對應創(chuàng)建的節(jié)點路徑 if ( hasTheLock ) { return ourPath; } return null; } // 循環(huán)獲取【attemptLock=>internalLockLoop】 private boolean internalLockLoop(long startMillis, Long millisToWait, String ourPath) throws Exception { boolean haveTheLock = false; // 是否擁有分布式鎖 boolean doDelete = false; // 是否需要刪除當前節(jié)點 try { if ( revocable.get() != null ) { client.getData().usingWatcher(revocableWatcher).forPath(ourPath); } // 循環(huán)嘗試獲取鎖 while ( (client.getState() == CuratorFrameworkState.STARTED) && !haveTheLock ) { // 得到basePath下排序后的臨時子節(jié)點 List<String> children = getSortedChildren(); // 獲取之前創(chuàng)建的當前線程對應的子節(jié)點 String sequenceNodeName = ourPath.substring(basePath.length() + 1); // +1 to include the slash // 判斷是否獲取到鎖,沒有就返回監(jiān)聽路徑 PredicateResults predicateResults = driver.getsTheLock(client, children, sequenceNodeName, maxLeases); // 成功獲取到 if ( predicateResults.getsTheLock() ) { haveTheLock = true; } else { // 沒有獲取到鎖,監(jiān)聽前一個臨時順序節(jié)點 String previousSequencePath = basePath + "/" + predicateResults.getPathToWatch(); synchronized(this) { try { // 上一個臨時順序節(jié)點如果被刪除,會喚醒當前線程繼續(xù)競爭鎖 client.getData().usingWatcher(watcher).forPath(previousSequencePath); if ( millisToWait != null ) { millisToWait -= (System.currentTimeMillis() - startMillis); startMillis = System.currentTimeMillis(); // 獲取鎖超時 if ( millisToWait <= 0 ) { doDelete = true; // timed out - delete our node break; } wait(millisToWait); } else { wait(); } } catch ( KeeperException.NoNodeException e ) { // it has been deleted (i.e. lock released). Try to acquire again } } } } } catch ( Exception e ) { ThreadUtils.checkInterrupted(e); doDelete = true; throw e; } finally { if ( doDelete ) { // 因為獲取鎖超時,所以刪除之前創(chuàng)建的臨時子節(jié)點 deleteOurPath(ourPath); } } return haveTheLock; } private void deleteOurPath(String ourPath) throws Exception { try { // 刪除 client.delete().guaranteed().forPath(ourPath); } catch ( KeeperException.NoNodeException e ) { // ignore - already deleted (possibly expired session, etc.) } } }
StandardLockInternalsDriver implements LockInternalsDriver
// 前面internalLockLoop方法中driver.getsTheLock執(zhí)行的方法 @Override public PredicateResults getsTheLock(CuratorFramework client, List<String> children, String sequenceNodeName, int maxLeases) throws Exception { // 獲取子節(jié)點在臨時順序節(jié)點列表中的位置 int ourIndex = children.indexOf(sequenceNodeName); // 檢驗子節(jié)點在臨時順序節(jié)點列表中是否有效 validateOurIndex(sequenceNodeName, ourIndex); // 若當前子節(jié)點的位置<maxLeases,代表可獲取鎖【maxLeases默認=1,若ourIndex=0,代筆自己位置最小】 boolean getsTheLock = ourIndex < maxLeases; // getsTheLock=true,則不需要監(jiān)聽前maxLeases的節(jié)點【maxLeases默認=1,代表監(jiān)聽前面最靠近自己的節(jié)點】 String pathToWatch = getsTheLock ? null : children.get(ourIndex - maxLeases); return new PredicateResults(pathToWatch, getsTheLock); }
以上就是關于“InterProcessMutex實現(xiàn)zookeeper分布式鎖原理是什么”這篇文章的內(nèi)容,相信大家都有了一定的了解,希望小編分享的內(nèi)容對大家有幫助,若想了解更多相關的知識內(nèi)容,請關注億速云行業(yè)資訊頻道。
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