如何使用C++實(shí)現(xiàn)馬踏棋盤(pán)

這篇文章主要介紹如何使用C++實(shí)現(xiàn)馬踏棋盤(pán)，文中介紹的非常詳細(xì)，具有一定的參考價(jià)值，感興趣的小伙伴們一定要看完！

馬踏棋盤(pán)，用1枚馬走遍棋盤(pán)。我用一個(gè)二維數(shù)組記錄模擬的整個(gè)路徑，x為列，y為行，以順時(shí)針的方式尋找下一格，算法比較簡(jiǎn)單，就通過(guò)遞歸和循環(huán)回溯即可，就是如果是8*8的數(shù)組，最壞可能執(zhí)行8^(x*y)次，耗時(shí)長(zhǎng)到懷疑人生。

#include<iostream>
#define X 5
#define Y 5
 
void ShowResult();
using namespace std;
 
int chess[Y][X]={
    0
};
int counter=0;
 
int Next(int* x,int* y,int where){
 
    switch(where){
        case 0:
            if(*x+1<X&&*y-2>=0&&chess[*y-2][*x+1]==0){
                *x+=1;
                *y-=2;
                return 1;
            }
            break;
        case 1:
            if(*x+2<X&&*y-1>=0&&chess[*y-1][*x+2]==0){
                *x+=2;
                *y-=1;
                return 1;
            }
            break;
        case 2:
            if(*x+2<X&&*y+1<Y&&chess[*y+1][*x+2]==0){
                *x+=2;
                *y+=1;
                return 1;
            }
            break;
        case 3:
            if(*x+1<X&&*y+2<Y&&chess[*y+2][*x+1]==0){
                *x+=1;
                *y+=2;
                return 1;
            }
            break;
        case 4:
            if(*x-1>=0&&*y+2<Y&&chess[*y+2][*x-1]==0){
                *x-=1;
                *y+=2;
                return 1;
            }
            break;
        case 5:
            if(*x-2>=0&&*y+1<Y&&chess[*y+1][*x-2]==0){
                *x-=2;
                *y+=1;
                return 1;
            }
            break;
        case 6:
            if(*x-2>=0&&*y-1>=0&&chess[*y-1][*x-2]==0){
                *x-=2;
                *y-=1;
                return 1;
            }
            break;
        case 7:
            if(*x-1>=0&&*y-2>=0&&chess[*y-2][*x-1]==0){
                *x-=1;
                *y-=2;
                return 1;
            }
            break;
    }
    return 0;
}
 
int Explore(int x,int y){
    int x1=x;
    int y1=y;
    int flag;
    int where=0;
    
 
    counter++;
    chess[y][x]=counter;
    
 
    if(counter==X*Y){
        return 1;
    }
    
    
    
    flag=Next(&x1,&y1,where);
    while(flag==0&&where<7){
        where++;
        flag=Next(&x1,&y1,where);
    }
    
    
    while(flag){
        if(Explore(x1,y1)==1){
            return 1;
        }
        else{
            x1=x;
            y1=y;
            where++;
            flag=Next(&x1,&y1,where);
            while(flag==0&&where<7){
                where++;
                flag=Next(&x1,&y1,where);
            }
        }
    }
    if(flag==0){
        chess[y][x]=0;
        counter--;
    }
    return 0;
}
 
void ShowResult(){
    
    for(int i=0;i<Y;i++){
        for(int j=0;j<X;j++){
            cout.width(4);
            cout<<chess[i][j]<<' ';
        }
        cout<<endl;
    }
    cout<<endl;
}
 
int main(){
    int start=clock();
    int result=Explore(2,1);
    int end=clock();
    if(result){
        ShowResult();        
    }
    else{
        cout<<"have no path！"<<endl; 
    }
 
    cout<<"spend time："<<(end-start)/CLOCKS_PER_SEC<<" s"<<endl;
    return 0;
}

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