Python3中如何解析html

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輔助函數(shù)，主要用于獲取html并輸入解析后的結(jié)束

#把傳遞解析函數(shù)，便于下面的修改
def get_html(url, paraser=bs4_paraser):
 headers = {
  'Accept': '*/*',
  'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, sdch',
  'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8',
  'Host': 'www.360kan.com',
  'Proxy-Connection': 'keep-alive',
  'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/52.0.2743.116 Safari/537.36'
 }
 request = urllib2.Request(url, headers=headers)
 response = urllib2.urlopen(request)
 response.encoding = 'utf-8'
 if response.code == 200:
  data = StringIO.StringIO(response.read())
  gzipper = gzip.GzipFile(fileobj=data)
  data = gzipper.read()
  value = paraser(data) # open('E:/h6/haPkY0osd0r5UB.html').read()
  return value
 else:
  pass
 
 
value = get_html('http://www.360kan.com/m/haPkY0osd0r5UB.html', paraser=lxml_parser)
for row in value:
 print row

1，lxml.html的方式進(jìn)行解析，

def lxml_parser(page):
 data = []
 doc = etree.HTML(page)
 all_div = doc.xpath('//div[@class="yingping-list-wrap"]')
 for row in all_div:
  # 獲取每一個(gè)影評(píng)，即影評(píng)的item
  all_div_item = row.xpath('.//div[@class="item"]') # find_all('div', attrs={'class': 'item'})
  for r in all_div_item:
   value = {}
   # 獲取影評(píng)的標(biāo)題部分
   title = r.xpath('.//div[@class="g-clear title-wrap"][1]')
   value['title'] = title[0].xpath('./a/text()')[0]
   value['title_href'] = title[0].xpath('./a/@href')[0]
   score_text = title[0].xpath('./div/span/span/@style')[0]
   score_text = re.search(r'\d+', score_text).group()
   value['score'] = int(score_text) / 20
   # 時(shí)間
   value['time'] = title[0].xpath('./div/span[@class="time"]/text()')[0]
   # 多少人喜歡
   value['people'] = int(
     re.search(r'\d+', title[0].xpath('./div[@class="num"]/span/text()')[0]).group())
   data.append(value)
 return data

2，使用BeautifulSoup，不多說(shuō)了，大家網(wǎng)上找資料看看

def bs4_paraser(html):
 all_value = []
 value = {}
 soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
 # 獲取影評(píng)的部分
 all_div = soup.find_all('div', attrs={'class': 'yingping-list-wrap'}, limit=1)
 for row in all_div:
  # 獲取每一個(gè)影評(píng)，即影評(píng)的item
  all_div_item = row.find_all('div', attrs={'class': 'item'})
  for r in all_div_item:
   # 獲取影評(píng)的標(biāo)題部分
   title = r.find_all('div', attrs={'class': 'g-clear title-wrap'}, limit=1)
   if title is not None and len(title) > 0:
    value['title'] = title[0].a.string
    value['title_href'] = title[0].a['href']
    score_text = title[0].div.span.span['style']
    score_text = re.search(r'\d+', score_text).group()
    value['score'] = int(score_text) / 20
    # 時(shí)間
    value['time'] = title[0].div.find_all('span', attrs={'class': 'time'})[0].string
    # 多少人喜歡
    value['people'] = int(
      re.search(r'\d+', title[0].find_all('div', attrs={'class': 'num'})[0].span.string).group())
   # print r
   all_value.append(value)
   value = {}
 return all_value

3，使用SGMLParser，主要是通過(guò)start、end tag的方式進(jìn)行了，解析工程比較明朗，但是有點(diǎn)麻煩，而且該案例的場(chǎng)景不太適合該方法，（哈哈）

class CommentParaser(SGMLParser):
 def __init__(self):
  SGMLParser.__init__(self)
  self.__start_div_yingping = False
  self.__start_div_item = False
  self.__start_div_gclear = False
  self.__start_div_ratingwrap = False
  self.__start_div_num = False
  # a
  self.__start_a = False
  # span 3中狀態(tài)
  self.__span_state = 0
  # 數(shù)據(jù)
  self.__value = {}
  self.data = []
 
 def start_div(self, attrs):
  for k, v in attrs:
   if k == 'class' and v == 'yingping-list-wrap':
    self.__start_div_yingping = True
   elif k == 'class' and v == 'item':
    self.__start_div_item = True
   elif k == 'class' and v == 'g-clear title-wrap':
    self.__start_div_gclear = True
   elif k == 'class' and v == 'rating-wrap g-clear':
    self.__start_div_ratingwrap = True
   elif k == 'class' and v == 'num':
    self.__start_div_num = True
 
 def end_div(self):
  if self.__start_div_yingping:
   if self.__start_div_item:
    if self.__start_div_gclear:
     if self.__start_div_num or self.__start_div_ratingwrap:
      if self.__start_div_num:
       self.__start_div_num = False
      if self.__start_div_ratingwrap:
       self.__start_div_ratingwrap = False
     else:
      self.__start_div_gclear = False
    else:
     self.data.append(self.__value)
     self.__value = {}
     self.__start_div_item = False
   else:
    self.__start_div_yingping = False
 
 def start_a(self, attrs):
  if self.__start_div_yingping and self.__start_div_item and self.__start_div_gclear:
   self.__start_a = True
   for k, v in attrs:
    if k == 'href':
     self.__value['href'] = v
 
 def end_a(self):
  if self.__start_div_yingping and self.__start_div_item and self.__start_div_gclear and self.__start_a:
   self.__start_a = False
 
 def start_span(self, attrs):
  if self.__start_div_yingping and self.__start_div_item and self.__start_div_gclear:
   if self.__start_div_ratingwrap:
    if self.__span_state != 1:
     for k, v in attrs:
      if k == 'class' and v == 'rating':
       self.__span_state = 1
      elif k == 'class' and v == 'time':
       self.__span_state = 2
    else:
     for k, v in attrs:
      if k == 'style':
       score_text = re.search(r'\d+', v).group()
     self.__value['score'] = int(score_text) / 20
     self.__span_state = 3
   elif self.__start_div_num:
    self.__span_state = 4
 
 def end_span(self):
  self.__span_state = 0
 
 def handle_data(self, data):
  if self.__start_a:
   self.__value['title'] = data
  elif self.__span_state == 2:
   self.__value['time'] = data
  elif self.__span_state == 4:
   score_text = re.search(r'\d+', data).group()
   self.__value['people'] = int(score_text)
  pass
def sgl_parser(html):
 parser = CommentParaser()
 parser.feed(html)
 return parser.data

4,HTMLParaer，與3原理相識(shí)，就是調(diào)用的方法不太一樣，基本上可以公用，

class CommentHTMLParser(HTMLParser.HTMLParser):
 def __init__(self):
  HTMLParser.HTMLParser.__init__(self)
  self.__start_div_yingping = False
  self.__start_div_item = False
  self.__start_div_gclear = False
  self.__start_div_ratingwrap = False
  self.__start_div_num = False
  # a
  self.__start_a = False
  # span 3中狀態(tài)
  self.__span_state = 0
  # 數(shù)據(jù)
  self.__value = {}
  self.data = []
 
 def handle_starttag(self, tag, attrs):
  if tag == 'div':
   for k, v in attrs:
    if k == 'class' and v == 'yingping-list-wrap':
     self.__start_div_yingping = True
    elif k == 'class' and v == 'item':
     self.__start_div_item = True
    elif k == 'class' and v == 'g-clear title-wrap':
     self.__start_div_gclear = True
    elif k == 'class' and v == 'rating-wrap g-clear':
     self.__start_div_ratingwrap = True
    elif k == 'class' and v == 'num':
     self.__start_div_num = True
  elif tag == 'a':
   if self.__start_div_yingping and self.__start_div_item and self.__start_div_gclear:
    self.__start_a = True
    for k, v in attrs:
     if k == 'href':
      self.__value['href'] = v
  elif tag == 'span':
   if self.__start_div_yingping and self.__start_div_item and self.__start_div_gclear:
    if self.__start_div_ratingwrap:
     if self.__span_state != 1:
      for k, v in attrs:
       if k == 'class' and v == 'rating':
        self.__span_state = 1
       elif k == 'class' and v == 'time':
        self.__span_state = 2
     else:
      for k, v in attrs:
       if k == 'style':
        score_text = re.search(r'\d+', v).group()
      self.__value['score'] = int(score_text) / 20
      self.__span_state = 3
    elif self.__start_div_num:
     self.__span_state = 4
 
 def handle_endtag(self, tag):
  if tag == 'div':
   if self.__start_div_yingping:
    if self.__start_div_item:
     if self.__start_div_gclear:
      if self.__start_div_num or self.__start_div_ratingwrap:
       if self.__start_div_num:
        self.__start_div_num = False
       if self.__start_div_ratingwrap:
        self.__start_div_ratingwrap = False
      else:
       self.__start_div_gclear = False
     else:
      self.data.append(self.__value)
      self.__value = {}
      self.__start_div_item = False
    else:
     self.__start_div_yingping = False
  elif tag == 'a':
   if self.__start_div_yingping and self.__start_div_item and self.__start_div_gclear and self.__start_a:
    self.__start_a = False
  elif tag == 'span':
   self.__span_state = 0
 
 def handle_data(self, data):
  if self.__start_a:
   self.__value['title'] = data
  elif self.__span_state == 2:
   self.__value['time'] = data
  elif self.__span_state == 4:
   score_text = re.search(r'\d+', data).group()
   self.__value['people'] = int(score_text)
  pass
def html_parser(html):
 parser = CommentHTMLParser()
 parser.feed(html)
 return parser.data

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