操作CDH元數(shù)據(jù)庫MySQL主備詳細(xì)教程

下文主要給大家?guī)聿僮鰿DH元數(shù)據(jù)庫MySQL主備詳細(xì)教程，希望這些內(nèi)容能夠帶給大家實(shí)際用處，這也是我編輯操作CDH元數(shù)據(jù)庫MySQL主備詳細(xì)教程這篇文章的主要目的。好了，廢話不多說，大家直接看下文吧。

• 內(nèi)容概述

1.Master和Slave配置

2.構(gòu)建主從復(fù)制

3.主從復(fù)制驗(yàn)證

• 測試環(huán)境

1.兩臺Linux云服務(wù)器（172.31.10.118(主)/172.31.5.190），操作系統(tǒng)為CentOS6.5

2.MySQL5.1.73

3.采用root用戶操作

• 前置條件

1.兩個MySQL版本必須一致

2.兩個MySQL已安裝好，且沒有任何數(shù)據(jù)

3.主MySQL必須開啟bin-log日志

2.MySQL主從復(fù)制

2.1Master和Slave配置

配置文件說明：

log-bin：開啟二進(jìn)制日志，日志文件前綴

server-id：數(shù)據(jù)庫服務(wù)的唯一標(biāo)識確保標(biāo)識不重復(fù)，一般設(shè)置為云服務(wù)器ip的末尾數(shù)

binlog-format：設(shè)置Mysql binlog記錄日志的格式（格式含：Statement、MIXED、ROW），MySQL默認(rèn)使用的是Statement，推薦使用MIXED。

• Master主服務(wù)配置(172.31.10.118)

修改/etc/my.conf文件，增加如下配置

[root@ip-172-31-10-118 cloudera-scm-server]# vim /etc/my.cnf 
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id=118
binlog_format=MIXED

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

• Slave服務(wù)配置(172.31.5.190)

修改/etc/my.conf文件，增加如下配置

 [root@ip-172-31-5-190 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf 
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id=190

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

• 修改配置后重啟Master和Slave的MySQL服務(wù)。

[root@ip-172-31-5-190 ~]# service mysqld restart
Stopping mysqld:                                           [  OK  ]
Starting mysqld:                                           [  OK  ]
[root@ip-172-31-5-190 ~]# 

2.1構(gòu)建主從復(fù)制

1. 在Master(172.31.10.118) 主MySQL上創(chuàng)建一個mysnc用戶

用戶名：mysync   密碼：mysync

GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'mysync'@'172.31.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mysync';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

mysync用戶必須具有REPLICATION SLAVE權(quán)限。說明一下172.31.%，這個配置是指明mysync用戶所在云服務(wù)器，這里%是通配符，表示IP以172.31開頭的Server都可以使用mysync用戶登陸Master主云服務(wù)器。也可以指定固定IP。

命令行操作

[root@ip-172-31-10-118 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 5.1.73-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'mysync'@'172.31.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mysync';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

2.查看Master(172.31.10.118) MySQL二進(jìn)制日志File與Position

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 |     1121 |              |                  |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

3.在Slave從MySQL上執(zhí)行如下SQL

change master to
master_host='172.31.10.118',
master_user='mysync',
master_password='mysync',
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',
master_log_pos=1121;

命令行執(zhí)行

[root@ip-172-31-5-190 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
...
Server version: 5.1.73-log Source distribution
...
mysql> change master to
    -> master_host='172.31.10.118',
    -> master_user='mysync',
    -> master_password='mysync',
    -> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',
    -> master_log_pos=1121;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> 

4.在Slave從MySQL上執(zhí)行命令，啟動同步

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

5.在Slave MySQL上查看Slave狀態(tài)

mysql> show slave status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 172.31.10.118
                  Master_User: mysync
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1121
               Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 251
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1121
              Relay_Log_Space: 407
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

注意：上圖標(biāo)注部分顯示為“Yes”則表示主從復(fù)制構(gòu)建成功。

2.3主從復(fù)制驗(yàn)證

1. 登錄Master主MySQL上執(zhí)行SQL

2.登錄Slave從MySQL上執(zhí)行SQL

3.在Master主MySQL上執(zhí)行SQL

mysql> create database test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> use test;
Database changed
mysql> create table table1(id int, name varchar(32));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| test               |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| table1         |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

4.在Slave從MySQL上執(zhí)行SQL查看

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| test               |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use test;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| table1         |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

通過上述測試，Master主MySQL創(chuàng)建的庫和表都正常的同步到Slave從MySQL。

3.備注

• 如何停止并刪除主從同步，在Slave從MySQL上執(zhí)行如下SQL

mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> reset slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

注意：執(zhí)行上述操作后，需要重啟MySQL服務(wù)。

對于以上關(guān)于操作CDH元數(shù)據(jù)庫MySQL主備詳細(xì)教程，大家是不是覺得非常有幫助。如果需要了解更多內(nèi)容，請繼續(xù)關(guān)注我們的行業(yè)資訊，相信你會喜歡上這些內(nèi)容的。