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這篇文章主要介紹“怎么用Python繪圖”,在日常操作中,相信很多人在怎么用Python繪圖問(wèn)題上存在疑惑,小編查閱了各式資料,整理出簡(jiǎn)單好用的操作方法,希望對(duì)大家解答”怎么用Python繪圖”的疑惑有所幫助!接下來(lái),請(qǐng)跟著小編一起來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)吧!
數(shù)據(jù)說(shuō)明
示例數(shù)據(jù),其中數(shù)據(jù)均為虛擬數(shù)據(jù),與實(shí)際生物學(xué)過(guò)程無(wú)關(guān)
文件名:dataset_volcano.txt
列分別為基因 (gene),差異倍數(shù)(logFC),t-test的P值(P.Value)
Step 1: 導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù):
import pandas as pd # Data analysis import numpy as np # Scientific computing import seaborn as sns # Statistical visualization # 讀取數(shù)據(jù) df = pd.read_csv('./dataset_volcano.txt', sep='\t') result = pd.DataFrame() result['x'] = df['logFC'] result['y'] = df['P.Value'] result['-log10(pvalue)']=-df['P.Value'].apply(np.log10)
Step2: 設(shè)置閾值
# 設(shè)置pvalue和logFC的閾值 cut_off_pvalue = 0.0000001 cut_off_logFC = 1
Step3: 設(shè)置分組
#分組為up, normal, down result.loc[(result.x> cut_off_logFC )&(result.y < cut_off_pvalue),'group'] = 'up' result.loc[(result.x< -cut_off_logFC )&(result.y < cut_off_pvalue),'group'] = 'down' result.loc[(result.x>=-cut_off_logFC )&(result.x<=cut_off_logFC )|(result.y >= cut_off_pvalue),'group'] = 'normal'
Step4: 繪制散點(diǎn)圖
#繪制散點(diǎn)圖 ax = sns.scatterplot(x="x", y="-log10(pvalue)", hue='group', hue_order = ('down','normal','up'), palette=("#377EB8","grey","#E41A1C"), alpha=0.5, s=15, data=result)
Step5: 設(shè)置散點(diǎn)圖
#確定坐標(biāo)軸顯示范圍 xmin=-6 xmax=10 ymin=7 ymax=13 ax.spines['right'].set_visible(False) #去掉右邊框 ax.spines['top'].set_visible(False) #去掉上邊框 ax.vlines(-cut_off_logFC, ymin, ymax, color='dimgrey',linestyle='dashed', linewidth=1) #畫豎直線 ax.vlines(cut_off_logFC, ymin, ymax, color='dimgrey',linestyle='dashed', linewidth=1) #畫豎直線 ax.hlines(-np.log10(cut_off_pvalue), xmin, xmax, color='dimgrey',linestyle='dashed', linewidth=1) #畫豎水平線 ax.set_xticks(range(xmin, xmax, 4))# 設(shè)置x軸刻度 ax.set_yticks(range(ymin, ymax, 2))# 設(shè)置y軸刻度 ax.set_ylabel('-log10(pvalue)',fontweight='bold') # 設(shè)置y軸標(biāo)簽 ax.set_xlabel('log2(fold change)',fontweight='bold') # 設(shè)置x軸標(biāo)簽
到此,關(guān)于“怎么用Python繪圖”的學(xué)習(xí)就結(jié)束了,希望能夠解決大家的疑惑。理論與實(shí)踐的搭配能更好的幫助大家學(xué)習(xí),快去試試吧!若想繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)更多相關(guān)知識(shí),請(qǐng)繼續(xù)關(guān)注億速云網(wǎng)站,小編會(huì)繼續(xù)努力為大家?guī)?lái)更多實(shí)用的文章!
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