4、django操作單表進(jìn)行增刪改

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2020-06-28 04:06:21 來源：網(wǎng)絡(luò) 閱讀：419 作者：yht_1990 欄目：編程語言

1、django初始化配置
https://blog.51cto.com/yht1990/2382898

2、創(chuàng)建模型
D:\mysite\polls\models.py

from django.db import models
class Publisher(models.Model):
    id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)  # 自增的ID主鍵
    name = models.CharField(max_length=64, null=False)

3、建表

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

4、url配置
主項(xiàng)目url
D:\mysite\mysite\urls.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path,include

urlpatterns = [
    path('polls/',include('polls.urls')),
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]

應(yīng)用項(xiàng)目url
D:\mysite\polls\urls.py

from django.urls import path

from . import views
 #添加命名空間
app_name = 'polls'
urlpatterns = [

    #訪問列表頁
    path('publisher_list/', views.published_list,name='published_list'),
        #添加數(shù)據(jù)
    path('add_publisher/', views.add_publisher,name='add_publisher'),
    #刪除數(shù)據(jù)
    path('delete_publisher/', views.delete_publisher,name='delete_publisher'),
    #path('edit_publisher/', views.edit_publisher,name='edit_publisher'),
]

五、靜態(tài)html（以后有列表頁，數(shù)據(jù)增、改頁面，刪除不需要單獨(dú)html頁面）
列表頁
D:\mysite\polls\templates\polls\publisher_list.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>出版社列表</title>
</head>
<body>

<a href="/polls/add_publisher/">添加新的出版社</a>

<table border="1">
    <thead>
        <tr>
            <th>序號(hào)</th>
            <th>ID</th>
            <th>出版社名稱</th>
            <th>操作</th>
        </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
        {% for publisher in publisher_list %}
            <tr>
                <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
                <td>{{ publisher.id }}</td>
                <td>{{ publisher.name }}</td>
                <td>
                    <a  href="/delete_publisher/?id={{ publisher.id }}">刪除</a>
                    <a href="/edit_publisher/?id={{ publisher.id }}">編輯</a>
                </td>
            </tr>
        {% endfor %}
    </tbody>
</table>

</body>
</html>

#靜態(tài)htm數(shù)據(jù)增頁面
D:\mysite\polls\templates\polls\add_publisher.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>添加出版社</title>
</head>
<body>

<h2>添加出版社</h2>
<!--url指提交的數(shù)據(jù)交給add_publisher函數(shù)處理，
polls為命名空間名字，綁定了add_publisher函數(shù)，指執(zhí)行polls應(yīng)用下的add_publisher函數(shù)
-->
<form action="{% url 'polls:add_publisher' %}" method="post">
    {% csrf_token %}
    <input type="text" name="publisher_name">
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
    <p >{{ error }}</p>
</form>

</body>
</html>

#靜態(tài)html改頁面
D:\mysite\polls\templates\polls\edit_publisher.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>編輯出版社</title>
</head>
<body>

<h2>編輯出版社</h2>

<form action="/polls/edit_publisher/" method="post">
    <input type="text" name="id" value="{{ publisher.id }}" >
    <input type="text" name="publisher_name" value="{{ publisher.name }}">
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>

</body>
</html>

python后端
D:\mysite\polls\views.py

from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse, render, redirect
from polls import models
from .models import Publisher

#列表頁函數(shù)
def published_list(request):
    ret = Publisher.objects.all().order_by("id")
    return render(request,"polls/publisher_list.html",{"publisher_list": ret})

#添加函數(shù)
def add_publisher(request):
    error_msg = ""

        #如果是POST請求,我就取到用戶填寫的數(shù)據(jù)
    print(request.method)
    if request.method == "POST":
        new_name = request.POST.get("publisher_name", None)
        if new_name:
            # 通過ORM去數(shù)據(jù)庫里新建一條記錄
            Publisher.objects.create(name=new_name)
           #返回訪問列表面，退出
            return redirect("/polls/publisher_list/")
        else:
                    #如果用戶post后沒有數(shù)據(jù)則設(shè)置變量
            error_msg = "出版社名字不能為空!"
     #如果是get請求訪問此頁面
    return render(request, "polls/add_publisher.html", {"error": error_msg})

#刪除函數(shù)
def delete_publisher(request):
    print(request.GET)
    print("=" * 120)
    #1. 從GET請求的參數(shù)里面拿到將要?jiǎng)h除的數(shù)據(jù)的ID值
    del_id = request.GET.get("id", None)  # 字典取值,娶不到默認(rèn)為None
    #如果能取到id值
    if del_id:
        # 去數(shù)據(jù)庫刪除當(dāng)前id值的數(shù)據(jù)
        #根據(jù)id值查找到數(shù)據(jù)
        del_obj = models.Publisher.objects.get(id=del_id)
        #刪除
        del_obj.delete()
        #返回刪除后的頁面,跳轉(zhuǎn)到出版社的列表頁,查看刪除是否成功
        return redirect("/polls/publisher_list/")
    else:
        return HttpResponse("要?jiǎng)h除的數(shù)據(jù)不存在!")

#編輯函數(shù)
def edit_publisher(request):
    #用戶修改完出版社的名字,點(diǎn)擊提交按鈕,給我發(fā)來新的出版社名字
    if request.method == "POST":
        print(request.POST)
        #取新出版社名字
        edit_id = request.POST.get("id")
        new_name = request.POST.get("publisher_name")
        #更新出版社
        #根據(jù)id取到編輯的是哪個(gè)出版社
        edit_publisher = models.Publisher.objects.get(id=edit_id)
        edit_publisher.name = new_name
        edit_publisher.save()  # 把修改提交到數(shù)據(jù)庫
        #跳轉(zhuǎn)出版社列表頁,查看是否修改成功
        return redirect("/polls/publisher_list/")
    #從GET請求的URL中取到id參數(shù)
    edit_id = request.GET.get("id")
    if edit_id:
        #獲取到當(dāng)前編輯的出版社對象
        publisher_obj = models.Publisher.objects.get(id=edit_id)
        return render(request, "polls/edit_publisher.html", {"publisher": publisher_obj})
    else:
        return HttpResponse("編輯的出版社不存在!")

訪問列表頁
http://127.0.0.1:8000/polls/publisher_list/
4、django操作單表進(jìn)行增刪改
訪問添加頁
http://127.0.0.1:8000/polls/add_publisher/

訪問編輯頁
http://127.0.0.1:8000/polls/edit_publisher/?id=7

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4、django操作單表進(jìn)行增刪改