Lamp(Fpm-Php)基本配置

LAMP簡介

LAMP（Linux- Apache-MySQL-PHP）網(wǎng)站架構(gòu)是目前國際流行的Web框架，該框架包括：Linux操作系統(tǒng)，Apache網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)器，MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫，Perl、PHP或者Python編程語言，所有組成產(chǎn)品均是開源軟件，是國際上成熟的架構(gòu)框架，很多流行的商業(yè)應(yīng)用都是采取這個架構(gòu)。LAMP具有通用、跨平臺、高性能、低價格的 優(yōu)勢，因此LAMP無論是性能、質(zhì)量還是價格都是企業(yè)搭建網(wǎng)站的首選平臺。

二 Mysql 配置

1首先下載mysql-5.5.33包組（mariadb-5.5.36-linux-x86_64.tar.gz），然后解壓mariadb-5.5.36-linux-x86_64.tar.gz到/usr/local

[root@localhost ~]# tar xfmariadb-5.5.36-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local

2 準(zhǔn)備數(shù)據(jù)存放的文件系統(tǒng)

  a 新建一個sda3

       [root@localhost~]# fdisk /dev/sda

       Command (m for help): n

Commandaction

   e  extended

   p  primary partition (1-4)

p    

Partitionnumber (1-4): 3     

Firstcylinder (7859-13054, default 7859):

Usingdefault value 7859

Lastcylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (7859-13054, default 13054): +20G      

Command(m for help): t

Partitionnumber (1-4): 3

Hex code(type L to list codes): 8e    （文件系統(tǒng)為LVM）

Changedsystem type of partition 3 to 8e (Linux LVM)

Command (m for help): w

b讀入磁盤中

   [root@localhost ~]# kpartx -af /dev/sda

device-mapper: reload ioctl on sda1failed: Invalid argument

create/reload failed on sda1

device-mapper: reload ioctl on sda2failed: Invalid argument

create/reload failed on sda2

device-mapper: reload ioctl on sda3failed: Invalid argument

create/reload failed on sda3

  [root@localhost ~]# partx -a /dev/sda

BLKPG: Device or resource busy

error adding partition 1

BLKPG: Device or resource busy

error adding partition 2

BLKPG: Device or resource busy

error adding partition 3         （表示已經(jīng)讀入到磁盤中）

c 新建邏輯卷，并將其掛載至特定目錄，此處目錄設(shè)置為/mydata

   [root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda3

 Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created

[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate myvg/dev/sda3

 Volume group "myvg" successfully created

[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 10G -nmydata myvg

 Logical volume "mydata" created

[root@localhost ~]# mke2fs -t ext4 -LMYDATA -b 4096 -m 3 /dev/myvg/mydata

     并且能開機掛載，編輯fastab文件

     /dev/mapper/vg0-root    /                       ext4    defaults        1 1

UUID=90ebd4cf-95c1-4338-b0dd-19b2b1cb943d/boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2

/dev/mapper/vg0-usr     /usr                    ext4    defaults        1 2

/dev/mapper/vg0-var     /var                    ext4    defaults        1 2

/dev/mapper/vg0-swap    swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

LABEL=MYDATA            /mydata                 ext4    defaults        0 0 

（開機掛載）

d  新建用戶以安全方式運行進(jìn)程，并創(chuàng)建鏈接

    [root@localhost ~]# groupadd -r mysql

[root@localhost ~]# useradd-g mysql -r mysql

[root@localhost ~]# idmysql

uid=496(mysql)gid=493(mysql) groups=493(mysql)

[root@localhost ~]#chown  -R mysql.mysql /mydata/data/

[root@localhost ~]# ll -a/mydata/data/

total 8

drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql4096 Aug 11 20:15 .

先進(jìn)入/usr/local目錄下

[root@localhost local]# ln-sv mariadb-5.5.36-linux-x86_64 mysql

lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   27 Aug 11 20:18mysql -> mariadb-5.5.36-linux-x86_64

e 為mysql提供主配置文件

cd/usr/local/mysql/

mkdir /etc/mysql創(chuàng)建一個目錄，因為在/etc下有個my.cnf

cpsupport-files/my-large.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf

vim/etc/mysql/my.cnf

     port            = 3306

socket          =/tmp/mysql.sock

skip-external-locking

key_buffer_size = 256M

max_allowed_packet = 1M

table_open_cache = 256

sort_buffer_size = 1M

read_buffer_size = 1M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M

thread_cache_size = 8

query_cache_size= 16M

# Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency

thread_concurrency = 8

datadir = /mydata/data    （指定mysql數(shù)據(jù)文件的存放位置）

開始初始化

[root@localhostmysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data/

（此處必須在 mysql 目錄下，要在scripts初始化，會報錯）

f  為mysql提供sysv服務(wù)腳本

   [root@localhostmysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

然后添加到服務(wù)列表中

   [root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --addmysqld

  [root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --list mysqld

mysqld            0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off

啟動服務(wù)

root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld start

Starting MySQL...                                         [  OK  ]

[root@localhost mysql]# ss -tnl

State     Recv-Q Send-Q                Local Address:Port                  Peer Address:Port

LISTEN    0      128                                *:52971                             *:*    

LISTEN    0      128                               :::50732                            :::*    

LISTEN    0      128                               :::111                              :::*    

LISTEN    0      128                                *:111                               *:*    

LISTEN    0      128                               :::22                               :::*    

LISTEN    0      128                                *:22                                *:*    

LISTEN    0      128                        127.0.0.1:631                               *:*    

LISTEN    0      128                              ::1:631                              :::*    

LISTEN    0      100                              ::1:25                               :::*    

LISTEN    0      100                        127.0.0.1:25                                *:*    

LISTEN    0      128                        127.0.0.1:6010                              *:*    

LISTEN    0      128                              ::1:6010                             :::*    

LISTEN     0     50                                *:3306                             *:*   （3306端口已啟動）

設(shè)置權(quán)限

   [root@localhostmysql]#chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

g  編輯環(huán)境變量

[root@localhost~]# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

exportPATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

h導(dǎo)出頭文件和庫文件

   ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include  /usr/include/mysql

[root@localhost~]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf （新建）

                   /usr/local/mysql/lib

   讓系統(tǒng)重新載入

[root@localhost ~]#ldconfig -v | grep mysql

/usr/local/mysql/lib:

                   libmysqld.so.18 -> libmysqld.so.18

                   libmysqlclient.so.18 ->libmysqlclient_r.so.18.0.0

/usr/lib64/mysql:

                 libmysqlclient.so.16 -> libmysqlclient.so.16.0.0

                 libmysqlclient_r.so.16 -> libmysqlclient_r.so.16.0.0

三 Apache2.4.9 編譯安裝

首先檢測pcre-devel  "Development tools" "Server Platform Development"  這個三個包組裝了沒

yum -y install pcre-devel

yum -y groupinstall "Server Platform Development

然后編譯安裝apr

# tar xf apr-1.5.0.tar.bz2
# cd apr-1.5.0
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
# make && make install

在編譯apr-util

# tar xf apr-util-1.5.3.tar.bz2
# cd apr-util-1.5.3
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
# make && make install

編譯安裝httpd2.4.9

# tar xf httpd-2.4.9.tar.bz2
# cd httpd-2.4.9
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
# make && make install

（為了不和系統(tǒng)的httpd沖突，我們指定其安裝路徑為/usr/local/apache,配置文件裝到/etc/httd24中，同時一會兒的服務(wù)也要改為httpd24 ）

修改httpd的主配置文件，設(shè)置其Pid文件的路徑

[root@web httpd24]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf 

PidFile "/var/run/httpd.pid"

提供SysV服務(wù)腳本/etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd，內(nèi)容

#!/bin/bash
#
# httpd        Startup script for the Apache HTTP Server
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Apache is a World Wide Web server.  It is used to serve \
#        HTML files and CGI.
# processname: httpd
# config: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/httpd
# pidfile: /var/run/httpd.pid

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/httpd ]; then
        . /etc/sysconfig/httpd
fi

# Start httpd in the C locale by default.
HTTPD_LANG=${HTTPD_LANG-"C"}

# This will prevent initlog from swallowing up a pass-phrase prompt if
# mod_ssl needs a pass-phrase from the user.
INITLOG_ARGS=""

# Set HTTPD=/usr/sbin/httpd.worker in /etc/sysconfig/httpd to use a server
# with the thread-based "worker" MPM; BE WARNED that some modules may not
# work correctly with a thread-based MPM; notably PHP will refuse to start.

# Path to the apachectl script, server binary, and short-form for messages.
apachectl=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl
httpd=${HTTPD-/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd}
prog=httpd
pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/httpd.pid}
lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/httpd}
RETVAL=0

start() {
        echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
        LANG=$HTTPD_LANG daemon --pidfile=${pidfile} $httpd $OPTIONS
        RETVAL=$?
        echo
        [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch ${lockfile}
        return $RETVAL
}

stop() {
  echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
  killproc -p ${pidfile} -d 10 $httpd
  RETVAL=$?
  echo
  [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile}
}
reload() {
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    if ! LANG=$HTTPD_LANG $httpd $OPTIONS -t >&/dev/null; then
        RETVAL=$?
        echo $"not reloading due to configuration syntax error"
        failure $"not reloading $httpd due to configuration syntax error"
    else
        killproc -p ${pidfile} $httpd -HUP
        RETVAL=$?
    fi
    echo
}

# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
  start)
  start
  ;;
  stop)
  stop
  ;;
  status)
        status -p ${pidfile} $httpd
  RETVAL=$?
  ;;
  restart)
  stop
  start
  ;;
  condrestart)
  if [ -f ${pidfile} ] ; then
    stop
    start
  fi
  ;;
  reload)
        reload
  ;;
  graceful|help|configtest|fullstatus)
  $apachectl $@
  RETVAL=$?
  ;;
  *)
  echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|condrestart|reload|status|fullstatus|graceful|help|configtest}"
  exit 1
esac

exit $RETVAL

而后為此腳本賦予執(zhí)行權(quán)限：
# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd

加入服務(wù)列表：
# chkconfig --add httpd

3 編譯安裝php-5.4.26

先解決依賴關(guān)系，不過首先要解決yum源問題，

# yum -y groupinstall "X Software Development" 

編譯安裝php-5.4.26

# tar xf php-5.4.26.tar.bz2

# cd php-5.4.26

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php5 --with-mysql=--with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=--with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml  --enable-sockets --enable-fpm --with-mcrypt  --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2

（因為本機是沒有裝mysql，所以文中紅色部分是本機沒裝mysql的編譯）

# make

# make install

然后為

為php提供配置文件：

# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini

配置php-fpm

為php-fpm提供SysV init腳本，并將其添加至服務(wù)列表：

# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm  /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm

# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm

# chkconfig --add php-fpm

# chkconfig php-fpm on

為php-fpm提供配置文件：

# cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf 

# vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

pm.max_children = 50

pm.start_servers = 5

pm.min_spare_servers = 2

pm.max_spare_servers = 8

pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid 

然后重啟服務(wù)

# service php-fpm start

查看端口

# netstat -tnlp | grep php-fpm

tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:9000              0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      689/php-fpm 

配置http-2.4.9

在Apache httpd 2.4以后已經(jīng)專門有一個模塊針對FastCGI的實現(xiàn)，此模塊為mod_proxy_fcgi.so，它其實是作為mod_proxy.so模塊的 擴(kuò)充，因此，這兩個模塊都要加載

       LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so

       LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so

配置虛擬主機支持使用fcgi

     1）要使用虛擬主機，首先要關(guān)閉中心主機，再開啟虛擬主機的模塊兒，也是在/etc/httpd24/httpd.conf中

     在相應(yīng)的虛擬主機中添加類似如下兩行。

ProxyRequests Off  關(guān)閉正向代理

ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/PATH/TO/DOCUMENT_ROOT/$1

然后編輯apache配置文件httpd.conf，讓apache能識別php格式的頁面，并支持php格式的主頁

 # vim /etc/httpd/httpd.conf

 1、添加如下二行

   AddType application/x-httpd-php  .php

   AddType application/x-httpd-php-source  .phps

 2、定位至DirectoryIndex index.html 

   修改為：

    DirectoryIndex  index.php  index.html

然后測試