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本篇文章給大家分享的是有關(guān)EFCore中的導(dǎo)航屬性是什么,小編覺(jué)得挺實(shí)用的,因此分享給大家學(xué)習(xí),希望大家閱讀完這篇文章后可以有所收獲,話(huà)不多說(shuō),跟著小編一起來(lái)看看吧。
1 單獨(dú)使用Include
在介紹這個(gè)方法之前,我來(lái)先貼出實(shí)體之間的關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系,假設(shè)這里有三個(gè)相互關(guān)聯(lián)的實(shí)體VehicleWarranty、WarrantyWarningLevel、VehicleWarrantyRepairHistory這三個(gè)實(shí)體后面兩個(gè)都是第一個(gè)的子級(jí)并且并且VehicleWarranty、WarrantyWarningLevel之間的關(guān)系是1對(duì)1的關(guān)系,VehicleWarranty和VehicleWarrantyRepairHistory之間是1:N的關(guān)系,即1對(duì)多的關(guān)系,我們這里貼出具體的Model,從而方便后面分析具體的代碼。
/// <summary> /// 車(chē)輛三包信息(DCSService) /// </summary> public class VehicleWarranty : Entity<Guid> { public VehicleWarranty() { Details = new List<VehicleWarrantyRepairHistory>(); } //車(chē)輛售后檔案 public Guid VehicleSoldId { get; set; } //VIN [Required] [MaxLength(EntityDefault.FieldLength_50)] public string Vin { get; set; } //產(chǎn)品分類(lèi) public Guid? ProductCategoryId { get; set; } //產(chǎn)品分類(lèi)編號(hào) [MaxLength(EntityDefault.FieldLength_50)] public string ProductCategoryCode { get; set; } //產(chǎn)品分類(lèi)名稱(chēng) [MaxLength(EntityDefault.FieldLength_100)] public string ProductCategoryName { get; set; } //車(chē)牌號(hào) [MaxLength(EntityDefault.FieldLength_50)] public string LicensePlate { get; set; } //發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)號(hào) [MaxLength(EntityDefault.FieldLength_50)] public string EngineCode { get; set; } //變速箱號(hào) [MaxLength(EntityDefault.FieldLength_50)] public string TransmissionSn { get; set; } //開(kāi)發(fā)票日期 public DateTime InvoiceDate { get; set; } //行駛里程 public int Mileage { get; set; } //是否三包期內(nèi) public bool? IsInWarranty { get; set; } //預(yù)警等級(jí) public Guid? WarningLevelId { get; set; } public WarrantyWarningLevel WarningLevel { get; set; } //等級(jí)編號(hào) [MaxLength(EntityDefault.FieldLength_50)] public string LevelCode { get; set; } //等級(jí)名稱(chēng) [MaxLength(EntityDefault.FieldLength_100)] public string LevelName { get; set; } //預(yù)警內(nèi)容 [MaxLength(EntityDefault.FieldLength_800)] public string WarningComment { get; set; } //累計(jì)維修天數(shù) public int TotoalRepairDays { get; set; } //售出后60天/3000KM內(nèi)嚴(yán)重故障次數(shù) public int? FNum { get; set; } //嚴(yán)重安全性能故障累計(jì)次數(shù) public int? GNum { get; set; } //發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)總成累計(jì)更換次數(shù) public int? HNum { get; set; } //變速箱總成累計(jì)更換次數(shù) public int? INum { get; set; } //發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)主要零件最大更換次數(shù) public int? JNum { get; set; } //變速箱主要零件最大更換次數(shù) public int? KNum { get; set; } //同一主要零件最大更換次數(shù) public int? LNum { get; set; } //同一產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量問(wèn)題最大累計(jì)次數(shù)(部件+故障+方位) public int? MNum { get; set; } //同一產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量問(wèn)題最大累計(jì)次數(shù) public int? NNum { get; set; } public List<VehicleWarrantyRepairHistory> Details { get; set; } } /// <summary> /// 三包預(yù)警等級(jí)(DCS) /// </summary> public class WarrantyWarningLevel : Entity<Guid> { //等級(jí)編號(hào) [Required] [MaxLength(EntityDefault.FieldLength_50)] public string Code { get; set; } //等級(jí)名稱(chēng) [Required] [MaxLength(EntityDefault.FieldLength_100)] public string Name { get; set; } //顏色 [Required] [MaxLength(EntityDefault.FieldLength_50)] public string Color { get; set; } //備注 [MaxLength(EntityDefault.FieldLength_200)] public string Remark { get; set; } } /// <summary> /// 車(chē)輛三包信息維修履歷(DCSService) /// </summary> public class VehicleWarrantyRepairHistory : Entity<Guid> { //車(chē)輛三包信息 [Required] public Guid VehicleWarrantyId { get; set; } public VehicleWarranty VehicleWarranty { get; set; } //VIN [Required] [MaxLength(EntityDefault.FieldLength_50)] public string Vin { get; set; } //維修合同 public Guid RepairContractId { get; set; } //維修合同編號(hào) [Required] [MaxLength(EntityDefault.FieldLength_50)] public string RepairContractCode { get; set; } //處理時(shí)間 public DateTime? DealTime { get; set; } //經(jīng)銷(xiāo)商 public Guid DealerId { get; set; } //經(jīng)銷(xiāo)商編號(hào) [Required] [MaxLength(EntityDefault.FieldLength_50)] public string DealerCode { get; set; } //經(jīng)銷(xiāo)商名稱(chēng) [Required] [MaxLength(EntityDefault.FieldLength_100)] public string DealerName { get; set; } //履歷來(lái)源 public VehicleWarrantyRepairHistorySource Source { get; set; } //累計(jì)維修天數(shù) public int? TotoalRepairDays { get; set; } //售出后60天/3000KM內(nèi)嚴(yán)重故障次數(shù) public int? FNum { get; set; } //嚴(yán)重安全性能故障累計(jì)次數(shù) public int? GNum { get; set; } //發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)總成累計(jì)更換次數(shù) public int? HNum { get; set; } //變速箱總成累計(jì)更換次數(shù) public int? INum { get; set; } //發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)主要零件最大更換次數(shù) public int? JNum { get; set; } //變速箱主要零件最大更換次數(shù) public int? KNum { get; set; } //同一主要零件最大更換次數(shù) public int? LNum { get; set; } //同一產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量問(wèn)題最大累計(jì)次數(shù)(部件+故障+方位) public int? MNum { get; set; } //同一產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量問(wèn)題最大累計(jì)次數(shù) public int? NNum { get; set; } }
這里我們貼出第一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的查詢(xún)示例,通過(guò)Include方法來(lái)一下子查詢(xún)出關(guān)聯(lián)的三包預(yù)警等級(jí)這個(gè)實(shí)體,在我們的例子中我們返回的結(jié)果是帶分頁(yè)的,而且會(huì)根據(jù)前端傳遞的Dto來(lái)進(jìn)行過(guò)濾,這里我們來(lái)看這段代碼怎么實(shí)體。
/// <summary> /// 查詢(xún)車(chē)輛三包信息 /// </summary> /// <param name="input">查詢(xún)輸入</param> /// <param name="pageRequest">分頁(yè)請(qǐng)求</param> /// <returns>帶分頁(yè)的三包預(yù)警車(chē)輛信息</returns> public async Task<Page<GetVehicleWarrantiesOutput>> GetVehicleWarrantiesAsync(GetVehicleWarrantiesInput input, PageRequest pageRequest) { var queryResults = _vehicleWarrantyRepository.GetAll() .Include(v => v.WarningLevel) .Where(v => _vehicleSoldRepository.GetAll().Any(vs => vs.Status == VehicleStatus.實(shí)銷(xiāo)完成 && v.Vin == vs.Vin)); var totalCount = await queryResults.CountAsync(); var pagedResults = await queryResults.ProjectTo<GetVehicleWarrantiesOutput>(_autoMapper.ConfigurationProvider).PageAndOrderBy(pageRequest).ToListAsync(); return new Page<GetVehicleWarrantiesOutput>(pageRequest, totalCount, pagedResults); }
在這里我們看到了通過(guò)一個(gè)Include就能夠查詢(xún)出關(guān)聯(lián)的實(shí)體,為什么能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn),那是因?yàn)樵赩ehicleWarranty實(shí)體中存在WarrantyWarningLevel實(shí)體的外鍵,并且這里還增加了外鍵關(guān)聯(lián)的實(shí)體,這樣才能夠正確使用InClude方法,并且這個(gè)InClude方法只能夠以實(shí)體作為參數(shù),不能以外鍵作為參數(shù),到了這里我想提出一個(gè)問(wèn)題,這里最終生成的SQL(SqlServer數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù))是left join 還是inner join呢?在看完后面的分析之前需要思考一下。
select top (20) [v].[EngineCode], [v].[GNum], [v].[Id], [v.WarningLevel].[Color] as [LevelColor], [v].[LevelName], [v].[LicensePlate], [v].[ProductCategoryName], [v].[TotoalRepairDays], [v].[Vin] from [VehicleWarranty] as [v] left join [WarrantyWarningLevel] as [v.WarningLevel] on [v].[WarningLevelId] = [v.WarningLevel].[Id] where EXISTS( select 1 from [VehicleSold] as [vs] where ([vs].[Status] = 7) and ([v].[Vin] = [vs].[Vin])) order by [v].[Vin]
這里我們看到生成的SQL語(yǔ)句是left join ,那么這里為什么不是inner join呢?這里先給你看具體的答案吧?這里你看懂了嗎?問(wèn)題就處在我這里建立的外鍵是可為空的 public Guid? WarningLevelId { get; set; }、如果是不可為空的外鍵那么生成的SQL就是inner join這個(gè)你可以親自嘗試。另外有一個(gè)需要提醒的就是,如果你像上面的實(shí)體中建立了VehicleWarranty、WarrantyWarningLeve之間的關(guān)系的話(huà),遷移到數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)會(huì)默認(rèn)生成外鍵約束,這個(gè)在使用的時(shí)候需要特別注意,但是如果你只是添加了外鍵而沒(méi)有添加對(duì)應(yīng)的外鍵同名的實(shí)體是不會(huì)生成外鍵約束關(guān)系的,這個(gè)暫時(shí)不理解里面的實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)制。
剛才介紹的是1對(duì)1的關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系,那么像VehicleWarranty、VehicleWarrantyRepairHistory之間有明顯的主清單關(guān)系,即一個(gè)VehicleWarranty對(duì)應(yīng)多個(gè)VehicleWarrantyRepairHistory的時(shí)候使用InClude方法會(huì)生成什么樣的SQL語(yǔ)句呢?這里我也貼出代碼,然后再來(lái)分析生成的SQL語(yǔ)句。
/// <summary> /// 查詢(xún)特定的三包預(yù)警車(chē)輛信息 /// </summary> /// <param name="id">特定Id</param> /// <returns>特定的三包預(yù)警車(chē)輛信息</returns> public async Task<GetVehicleWarrantyWithDetailsOutput> GetVehicleWarrantyWithDetailsAsync(Guid id) { var query = await _vehicleWarrantyRepository.GetAll() .Include(v => v.WarningLevel) .Include(v => v.Details) .SingleOrDefaultAsync(v => v.Id == id); if (null == query) { throw new ValidationException("找不到當(dāng)前特定的三包預(yù)警車(chē)輛信息"); } var retResult = ObjectMapper.Map<GetVehicleWarrantyWithDetailsOutput>(query); return retResult; }
這里使用了兩個(gè)InClude方法,那么EFCore會(huì)怎么生成這個(gè)SQL呢?通過(guò)查詢(xún)最終的SQL我們發(fā)現(xiàn)EFCore在處理這類(lèi)問(wèn)題的時(shí)候是分開(kāi)進(jìn)行查詢(xún),然后再合并到查詢(xún)的實(shí)體中去的,所以在這個(gè)查詢(xún)的過(guò)程中生成的SQL如下:
select top (2) [v].[Id], [v].[EngineCode], [v].[FNum], [v].[GNum], [v].[HNum], [v].[INum], [v].[InvoiceDate], [v].[IsInWarranty], [v].[JNum], [v].[KNum], [v].[LNum], [v].[LevelCode], [v].[LevelName], [v].[LicensePlate], [v].[MNum], [v].[Mileage], [v].[NNum], [v].[ProductCategoryCode], [v].[ProductCategoryId], [v].[ProductCategoryName], [v].[TotoalRepairDays], [v].[TransmissionSn], [v].[VehicleSoldId], [v].[Vin], [v].[WarningComment], [v].[WarningLevelId], [v.WarningLevel].[Id], [v.WarningLevel].[Code], [v.WarningLevel].[Color], [v.WarningLevel].[Name], [v.WarningLevel].[Remark] from [VehicleWarranty] as [v] left join [WarrantyWarningLevel] as [v.WarningLevel] on [v].[WarningLevelId] = [v.WarningLevel].[Id] where [v].[Id] = @__id_0 order by [v].[Id] select [v.Details].[Id], [v.Details].[DealTime], [v.Details].[DealerCode], [v.Details].[DealerId], [v.Details].[DealerName], [v.Details].[FNum], [v.Details].[GNum], [v.Details].[HNum], [v.Details].[INum], [v.Details].[JNum], [v.Details].[KNum], [v.Details].[LNum], [v.Details].[MNum], [v.Details].[NNum], [v.Details].[RepairContractCode], [v.Details].[RepairContractId], [v.Details].[Source], [v.Details].[TotoalRepairDays], [v.Details].[VehicleWarrantyId], [v.Details].[Vin] from [VehicleWarrantyRepairHistory] as [v.Details] inner join ( select distinct [t].* from ( select top (1) [v0].[Id] from [VehicleWarranty] as [v0] left join [WarrantyWarningLevel] as [v.WarningLevel0] on [v0].[WarningLevelId] = [v.WarningLevel0].[Id] where [v0].[Id] = @__id_0 order by [v0].[Id] ) as [t] ) as [t0] on [v.Details].[VehicleWarrantyId] = [t0].[Id] order by [t0].[Id]
這個(gè)在查詢(xún)的過(guò)程中會(huì)分作幾個(gè)SQL查詢(xún)并且會(huì)將前面查詢(xún)的結(jié)果作為后面查詢(xún)的部分條件來(lái)進(jìn)行了,待整個(gè)查詢(xún)完畢后再在內(nèi)存中將這些結(jié)果組合到一個(gè)query對(duì)象中。
上面的介紹完了之后,你應(yīng)該能夠明白這個(gè)Include的具體含義和用法了,接著上面的例子,如果WarrantyWarningLevel里面還有通過(guò)外鍵Id去關(guān)聯(lián)別的實(shí)體,這個(gè)時(shí)候ThenInclude就派上了用場(chǎng)了,理論上只要彼此之間建立了這種外鍵關(guān)系就可以一直ThenInClude下去,但是一般情況下不會(huì)用到這么復(fù)雜的情況,當(dāng)然這里面每一個(gè)Include也都是作為一個(gè)單獨(dú)的查詢(xún)來(lái)進(jìn)行的,這個(gè)也可以找具體的例子進(jìn)行試驗(yàn),這里也貼出一個(gè)具體的例子吧。
public async Task<GetRepairContractDetailForSettlementOutput> GetById(Guid id) { var repairContract = await _repairContractRepository.GetAll() .Include(d => d.RepairContractWorkItems) .ThenInclude(w => w.Materials) .FirstOrDefaultAsync(r => r.Id == id); if (repairContract == null) throw new ValidationException(_localizer["當(dāng)前維修合同不存在"]); var vehicleSold = _vehicleSoldRepository.Get(repairContract.VehicleId); var isTrafficSubsidy = _repairContractManager.IsTrafficSubsidy(repairContract.Id); var (nextMaintenanceMileage, nextMaintenanceTime) = _repairContractManager.GetNextMaintainInfo(repairContract, vehicleSold); var result = new GetRepairContractDetailForSettlementOutput() { Id = repairContract.Id, Code = repairContract.Code, CustomerName = repairContract.CustomerName, CellPhoneNumber = repairContract.CellPhoneNumber, Vin = repairContract.Vin, LicensePlate = repairContract.LicensePlate, NextMaintenanceTime = nextMaintenanceTime, NextMaintenanceMileage = nextMaintenanceMileage, LaborFee = repairContract.LaborFee, LaborFeeAfter = repairContract.LaborFeeAfter, MaterialFee = repairContract.MaterialFee, MaterialFeeAfter = repairContract.MaterialFeeAfter, OutFee = repairContract.OutFee, OtherFee = repairContract.OtherFee, TotalFeeAfter = repairContract.TotalFeeAfter, ShowIsTrafficSubsidy = isTrafficSubsidy, LastMaintenanceTime = vehicleSold.LastMaintenanceTime, LastMaintenanceMileage = vehicleSold.LastMaintenanceMileage, WorkItems = _mapper.Map<IList<GetRepairContractWorkItemForSettlementOutput>>(repairContract.RepairContractWorkItems) }; return result; }
最后還要介紹一種極特殊的情況,由于ThenInclude方法只能一層層向下進(jìn)行,如果我想對(duì)同一個(gè)實(shí)體里面的兩個(gè)關(guān)聯(lián)實(shí)體做ThenInclude操作這個(gè)怎么處理,這里就直接給出代碼吧。
/// <summary> ///維修合同完成的事件 /// </summary> /// <param name="repairContractId"></param> public void Finished(Guid repairContractId) { var repairContract = _repairContractRepository.GetAll() .Include(c => c.RepairContractWorkItems).ThenInclude(wi => wi.Materials) .Include(c => c.RepairContractWorkItems).ThenInclude(wi => wi.Fault) .SingleOrDefault(c => c.Id == repairContractId); var repairContractAdjusts = _repairContractAdjustRepository.GetAll() .Include(a => a.WorkItems).ThenInclude(w => w.Materials) .Where(a => a.RepairContractId == repairContractId).ToList(); var @event = new AddRepairContractEvent { Key = repairContract?.Code, RepairContract = repairContract, RepairContractAdjusts = repairContractAdjusts }; _producer.Produce(@event); }
這里需要Include同一個(gè)實(shí)體兩次,然后分別調(diào)用ThenInclude方法,這個(gè)屬于比較特殊的情況,在使用的時(shí)候需要注意。
溫馨提示:
這里讀者在看代碼的時(shí)候可能不太理解類(lèi)似這種 _repairContractRepository的具體由來(lái),這里貼出一份完整的代碼。
internal class AddRepairContractEventManager : DomainService, IAddRepairContractEventManager { private readonly KafkaProducer _producer; private readonly IRepository<RepairContract, Guid> _repairContractRepository; private readonly IRepository<RepairContractAdjust, Guid> _repairContractAdjustRepository; public AddRepairContractEventManager(KafkaProducer producer, IRepository<RepairContract, Guid> repairContractRepository, IRepository<RepairContractAdjust, Guid> repairContractAdjustRepository) { _producer = producer; _repairContractRepository = repairContractRepository; _repairContractAdjustRepository = repairContractAdjustRepository; } /// <summary> ///維修合同完成的事件 /// </summary> /// <param name="repairContractId"></param> public void Finished(Guid repairContractId) { var repairContract = _repairContractRepository.GetAll() .Include(c => c.RepairContractWorkItems).ThenInclude(wi => wi.Materials) .Include(c => c.RepairContractWorkItems).ThenInclude(wi => wi.Fault) .SingleOrDefault(c => c.Id == repairContractId); var repairContractAdjusts = _repairContractAdjustRepository.GetAll() .Include(a => a.WorkItems).ThenInclude(w => w.Materials) .Where(a => a.RepairContractId == repairContractId).ToList(); var @event = new AddRepairContractEvent { Key = repairContract?.Code, RepairContract = repairContract, RepairContractAdjusts = repairContractAdjusts }; _producer.Produce(@event); } }
在有些場(chǎng)景中我們可能需要帶出清單的時(shí)候并且過(guò)濾清單,這個(gè)功能算是對(duì)Include方法的一個(gè)提升,可以將兩個(gè)操作合并到一起來(lái)進(jìn)行,這個(gè)在使用的時(shí)候需要注意 這個(gè)并不是Asp.Net Core自帶的功能,這個(gè)需要通過(guò)引入包 Z.EntityFramework.Plus.EFCore.dll的包來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的,如果你們的系統(tǒng)中使用的是ABP作為項(xiàng)目主框架,那么你只需要引用 Abp.EntityFrameworkCore.EFPlus這個(gè)包就可以了,因?yàn)檫@個(gè)包中就包含和Z.EntityFramework相關(guān)的子包,這個(gè)在使用的時(shí)候需要注意。
下面我們來(lái)看一看我們的代碼中是怎么使用的。
private (Company company, IEnumerable<PartSaleOrderType> partSaleOrderTypes) GetCompanyDetailForFactory(Guid id) { var currentPartSaleOrderTypes = GetCurrentPartSaleOrderTypes(); var currentPartSaleOrderTypeIds = currentPartSaleOrderTypes.Select(t => t.Id); var company = _companyRepository.GetAll() .IncludeFilter(c => c.CustomerPartInformations.Where(i => i.BranchId == SdtSession.TenantId.GetValueOrDefault())) .IncludeFilter(c => c.CustomerOrderWarehouses.Where(w => currentPartSaleOrderTypeIds.Contains(w.PartSaleOrderTypeId))) .IncludeFilter(c => c.CustomerMarkupRates.Where(w => currentPartSaleOrderTypeIds.Contains(w.PartSaleOrderTypeId))) .IncludeFilter(c => c.OrderShippingSequences.Where(w => currentPartSaleOrderTypeIds.Contains(w.PartSaleOrderTypeId))) .IncludeFilter(c => c.OrderingCalendars.Where(w => currentPartSaleOrderTypeIds.Contains(w.PartSaleOrderTypeId))) .FirstOrDefault(d => d.Id == id && d.Status == BaseDataStatus.生效); if (company == null) { throw new EntityNotFoundException(SharedLocalizer["未能找到對(duì)應(yīng)的企業(yè)"]); } return (company, currentPartSaleOrderTypes); }
這個(gè)提供了一種新的清單過(guò)濾方式,不僅提高了效率而且使代碼更加優(yōu)化簡(jiǎn)練。
這里還介紹一種不通過(guò)Include方法來(lái)獲取清單中的方式,就像下面這種寫(xiě)法,Company對(duì)象和OrderingCalendars之間建立了一對(duì)多的導(dǎo)航屬性,我們?cè)谑褂?nbsp;company.OrderingCalendars之前先將內(nèi)部的清查查詢(xún)出來(lái)(不需要定義變量接收,使用_即可),這樣也是能通過(guò)導(dǎo)航屬性自動(dòng)映射到company的OrderingCalendars中去的,這個(gè)在使用的時(shí)候需要特別注意,查詢(xún)的時(shí)候要提前ToList,將數(shù)據(jù)查詢(xún)到內(nèi)存里面
_ = _orderingCalendarRepository.GetAll().Where(t => t.OrderingCompanyId == company.Id).ToList(); var tempCalendars = company.OrderingCalendars.OrderBy(d => d.PartSaleOrderType.Level).Select(d => new { d.PartSaleOrderType.BrandId, d.PartSaleOrderType.BrandCode, d.PartSaleOrderType.BrandName, d.PartSaleOrderTypeId, d.PartSaleOrderTypeCode, d.PartSaleOrderTypeName, d.Year, d.Month, d.Day });
以上就是EFCore中的導(dǎo)航屬性是什么,小編相信有部分知識(shí)點(diǎn)可能是我們?nèi)粘9ぷ鲿?huì)見(jiàn)到或用到的。希望你能通過(guò)這篇文章學(xué)到更多知識(shí)。更多詳情敬請(qǐng)關(guān)注億速云行業(yè)資訊頻道。
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