溫馨提示×
您好，登錄后才能下訂單哦！
點擊 登錄注冊 即表示同意《億速云用戶服務(wù)條款》
您好，登錄后才能下訂單哦！
說是簡單聊天系統(tǒng)，壓根不能算是一個系統(tǒng)，頂多算個雛形。本文重點不在聊天系統(tǒng)設(shè)計和實現(xiàn)上，而是通過實現(xiàn)類似效果，展示下NIO 和Socket兩種編程方式的差異性。說是Socket與NIO的編程方式，不太嚴謹，因為NIO的底層也是通過Socket實現(xiàn)的，但又想不出非常好的題目，就這樣吧。
主要內(nèi)容
Socket方式實現(xiàn)簡易聊天效果
NIO方式實現(xiàn)簡易聊天效果
兩種方式的性能對比
前言
預(yù)期效果，是客戶端之間進行“廣播”式聊天，類似于QQ群聊天。希望以后有機會，以此簡易版為基礎(chǔ)，不斷演進，演練下在線聊天系統(tǒng)。
1.Socket方式實現(xiàn)簡易聊天效果
1.1服務(wù)端 Server.java
package com.example.socket.server;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class Server {
private static int port =9999;
// 可接受請求隊列的最大長度
private static int backlog=100;
// 綁定到本機的IP地址
private static final String bindAddr = "127.0.0.1";
//socket字典列表
private static List<Socket> nodes= new ArrayList<Socket>();
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(port, backlog,InetAddress.getByName(bindAddr));
for(;;){
//發(fā)生阻塞,等待客戶端連接
Socket sc = ss.accept();
nodes.add(sc);
InetAddress addr = sc.getLocalAddress();
System.out.println("create new session from "+addr.getHostName()+":"+sc.getPort()+"\n");
//針對一個Socket 客戶端 啟動兩個線程，分別是接收信息，發(fā)送信息
new Thread(new ServerMessageReceiver(sc,nodes)).start();
new ServerMessageSender(sc).start();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}1.2 消息接收端 ServerMessageReceiver.java
額外負責(zé)信息廣播
package com.example.socket.server;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
*
* 接收消息
*
*/
public class ServerMessageReceiver implements Runnable{
private Socket socket;
//socket字典列表
private List<Socket> nodes= new ArrayList<Socket>();
public ServerMessageReceiver(Socket sc,List<Socket> nodes){
this.socket=sc;
this.nodes=nodes;
}
/**
* 信息廣播到其他節(jié)點
*/
@Override
public void run() {
try {
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));
//接收到的消息
String content;
while (true) {
if(socket.isClosed()){
System.out.println("Socket已關(guān)閉，無法獲取消息");
reader.close();
socket.close();
break;
}
content=reader.readLine();
if(content!=null && content.equals("bye")){
System.out.println("對方請求關(guān)閉連接,無法繼續(xù)進行聊天");
reader.close();
socket.close();
break;
}
String message =socket.getPort()+":"+content;
//廣播信息
for(Socket n:this.nodes){
if(n !=this.socket){
BufferedWriter writer=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(n.getOutputStream(),"UTF-8"));
writer.write(message);
writer.newLine();
writer.flush();
}
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}1.3消息發(fā)送服務(wù)端 ServerMessageSender.java
主要作用：發(fā)送歡迎信息
package com.example.socket.server;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
public class ServerMessageSender extends Thread{
private Socket socket;
public ServerMessageSender(Socket socket) {
this.socket = socket;
}
/**
* 只發(fā)送一個歡迎信息
*/
@Override
public void run() {
try {
BufferedWriter writer=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream(),"UTF-8"));
// BufferedReader inputReader=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
try {
String msg="server :welcome "+socket.getPort();
writer.write(msg);
writer.newLine();
writer.flush();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}1.4 客戶端 Client.java
package com.example.socket.client;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
public class Client {
// 監(jiān)聽端口號
private static final int port = 9999;
// 綁定到本機的IP地址
private static final String bindAddr = "127.0.0.1";
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
System.out.println("正在連接Socket服務(wù)器");
Socket socket=new Socket(InetAddress.getByName(bindAddr),port);
System.out.println("已連接\n==================================");
new ClientMessageSender(socket).start();
new ClientMessageReceiver(socket).start();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}1.4 消息接收客戶端 ClientMessageReceiver.java
僅僅是輸出
package com.example.socket.client;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.Socket;
public class ClientMessageReceiver extends Thread {
private Socket socket;
public ClientMessageReceiver(Socket socket) {
this.socket=socket;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
// 獲取socket的輸 出\入流
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));
//接收到的消息
String content;
while (true) {
if(socket.isClosed()){
System.out.println("Socket已關(guān)閉，無法獲取消息");
reader.close();
socket.close();
break;
}
content=reader.readLine();
if(content.equals("bye")){
System.out.println("對方請求關(guān)閉連接,無法繼續(xù)進行聊天");
reader.close();
socket.close();
break;
}
System.out.println(content+"\n");
}
reader.close();
socket.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}1.5 消息發(fā)送客戶端 ClientMessageSender.java
通過輸入流輸入，將信息傳入Socket
package com.example.socket.client;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
public class ClientMessageSender extends Thread {
private Socket socket;
public ClientMessageSender(Socket socket) {
this.socket = socket;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
BufferedWriter writer=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream(),"UTF-8"));
BufferedReader inputReader=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
try {
String msg;
for(;;){
msg=inputReader.readLine();
if(msg.toLowerCase().equals("exit")){
System.exit(0);
}
if(socket.isClosed()){
System.out.println("Socket已關(guān)閉，無法發(fā)送消息");
writer.close();
socket.close();
break;
}
writer.write(msg);
writer.newLine();
writer.flush();
System.out.println();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}1.6 效果
2.NIO方式實現(xiàn)簡易聊天效果
2.1服務(wù)端 NServer.java
package com.example.nio;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.Channel;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
/**
* 服務(wù)器端
*/
public class NServer {
private Selector selector;
private Charset charset = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
public void init() throws Exception {
selector = Selector.open();
ServerSocketChannel server = ServerSocketChannel.open();
InetSocketAddress isa = new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 3000);
server.socket().bind(isa);
server.configureBlocking(false);
server.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);
while (selector.select() > 0) {
for (SelectionKey key : selector.selectedKeys()) {
selector.selectedKeys().remove(key);
if (key.isAcceptable()) {
SocketChannel sc = server.accept();
System.out.println("create new session from "+sc.getRemoteAddress()+"\n");
sc.configureBlocking(false);
sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
key.interestOps(SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);
sc.write(charset.encode("welcome"+sc.getRemoteAddress()));
}
if (key.isReadable()) {
SocketChannel sc = (SocketChannel)key.channel();
ByteBuffer buff = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
String content = "";
try {
while (sc.read(buff) > 0) {
buff.flip();
content += charset.decode(buff);
buff.clear();
}
key.interestOps(SelectionKey.OP_READ);
} catch (IOException e) {
key.cancel();
if (key.channel() != null)
key.channel().close();
}
if (content.length() > 0) {
for (SelectionKey sk : selector.keys()) {
Channel targetchannel = sk.channel();
if (targetchannel instanceof SocketChannel && targetchannel!=sc) {
SocketChannel dest = (SocketChannel)targetchannel;
dest.write(charset.encode(content));
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
new NServer().init();
}
}2.2 客戶端 NClient.java
package com.example.nio;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.Scanner;
/**
* 客戶端
*/
public class NClient {
private Selector selector;
private Charset charset = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
private SocketChannel sc = null;
public void init() throws IOException {
selector = Selector.open();
InetSocketAddress isa = new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 3000);
sc = SocketChannel.open(isa);
sc.configureBlocking(false);
sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
new ClientThread().start();
@SuppressWarnings("resource")
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
while (scan.hasNextLine()) {
sc.write(charset.encode(scan.nextLine()));
}
}
private class ClientThread extends Thread {
public void run() {
try {
while (selector.select() > 0) {
for (SelectionKey sk : selector.selectedKeys()) {
selector.selectedKeys().remove(sk);
if (sk.isReadable()) {
SocketChannel sc = (SocketChannel)sk.channel();
ByteBuffer buff = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
String content = "";
while (sc.read(buff) > 0) {
sc.read(buff);
buff.flip();
content += charset.decode(buff);
buff.clear();
}
System.out.println("chat info: " + content);
sk.interestOps(SelectionKey.OP_READ);
}
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
new NClient().init();
}
}代碼來自
https://github.com/xeostream/chat
2.3 效果
3. 對比
從API操作上來看，NIO偏復(fù)雜，面向的是異步編程方式，重點圍繞Selector，SelectKey操作。
性能對比，主要簡單模擬下Echo情景：客戶端連接成功，服務(wù)端返回一條信息。
3.1Socket性能測試入口
可以關(guān)閉ServerMessageReceiver線程
package com.example.socket.client;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
public class BenchmarkClient {
// 監(jiān)聽端口號
private static final int port = 9999;
// 綁定到本機的IP地址
private static final String bindAddr = "127.0.0.1";
/**
* @param <T>
* @param args
*/
public static <T> void main(String[] args) {
try {
long s=System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
final Socket socket = new Socket(
InetAddress.getByName(bindAddr), port);
Future<String> future = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(4).submit(
new Callable<String>() {
@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(socket
.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));
String content = reader.readLine();
return Thread.currentThread().getName()+"--->"+content;
}
});
System.out.println(i+":"+future.get());
socket.close();
}
long e=System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(e-s);
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ExecutionException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}3.2 NIO性能測試入口
package com.example.nio;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
/**
* 客戶端
* @author arthur
*/
public class BenchMarkNClient {
private Selector selector;
private Charset charset = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
private SocketChannel sc = null;
public void init() throws IOException {
long s = System.currentTimeMillis();
selector = Selector.open();
InetSocketAddress isa = new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 3000);
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
sc = SocketChannel.open(isa);
sc.configureBlocking(false);
sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
Future<String> future = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(4).submit(new ClientTask());
try {
System.out.println(i+":"+future.get());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ExecutionException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
long e= System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(e-s);
}
private class ClientTask implements Callable<String> {
public String call() {
try {
while (selector.select() > 0) {
for (SelectionKey sk : selector.selectedKeys()) {
selector.selectedKeys().remove(sk);
if (sk.isReadable()) {
SocketChannel sc = (SocketChannel)sk.channel();
ByteBuffer buff = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
String content = "";
while (sc.read(buff) > 0) {
sc.read(buff);
buff.flip();
content += charset.decode(buff);
buff.clear();
}
sk.interestOps(SelectionKey.OP_READ);
return content;
}
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
new BenchMarkNClient().init();
}
}3.3 性能對比
| 次數(shù) | NIO | SOCKET（ms） |
| 1000 | 525 | 637 |
| 2000 | 1411 | 1215 |
| 2000（休眠時間為100毫秒） | 205928 | 206313 |
| 5000 | 6731 | 2976 |
次數(shù)較少時，NIO性能較好。但隨著次數(shù)增加，性能下降非常厲害。（存疑）
當(dāng)通訊時間變長時，發(fā)現(xiàn)NIO性能又相對提高了。
可見一個技術(shù)的好壞，是和業(yè)務(wù)場景分不開的。
免責(zé)聲明：本站發(fā)布的內(nèi)容（圖片、視頻和文字）以原創(chuàng)、轉(zhuǎn)載和分享為主，文章觀點不代表本網(wǎng)站立場，如果涉及侵權(quán)請聯(lián)系站長郵箱：is@yisu.com進行舉報，并提供相關(guān)證據(jù)，一經(jīng)查實，將立刻刪除涉嫌侵權(quán)內(nèi)容。
億速云公眾號
手機網(wǎng)站二維碼