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小編給大家分享一下C#微信公眾平臺開發(fā)之高級群發(fā)接口的示例分析,相信大部分人都還不怎么了解,因此分享這篇文章給大家參考一下,希望大家閱讀完這篇文章后大有收獲,下面讓我們一起去了解一下吧!
一、為了實(shí)現(xiàn)高級群發(fā)功能,需要解決的問題
1、通過微信接口上傳圖文消息素材時(shí),Json中的圖片不是url而是media_id,如何通過微信接口上傳圖片并獲取圖片的media_id?
2、圖片存儲在什么地方,如何獲???
二、實(shí)現(xiàn)步驟,以根據(jù)OpenID列表群發(fā)圖文消息為例
1、準(zhǔn)備數(shù)據(jù)
我把數(shù)據(jù)存儲在數(shù)據(jù)庫中,ImgUrl字段是圖片在服務(wù)器上的相對路徑(這里的服務(wù)器是自己的服務(wù)器,不是微信的哦)。
從數(shù)據(jù)庫中獲取數(shù)據(jù)放到DataTable中:
DataTable dt = ImgItemDal.GetImgItemTable(loginUser.OrgID, data);
2、通過微信接口上傳圖片,返回圖片的media_id
取ImgUrl字段數(shù)據(jù),通過MapPath方法獲取圖片在服務(wù)器上的物理地址,用FileStream類讀取圖片,并上傳給微信
HTTP上傳文件代碼(HttpRequestUtil類):
/// <summary> /// Http上傳文件 /// </summary> public static string HttpUploadFile(string url, string path) { // 設(shè)置參數(shù) HttpWebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest; CookieContainer cookieContainer = new CookieContainer(); request.CookieContainer = cookieContainer; request.AllowAutoRedirect = true; request.Method = "POST"; string boundary = DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("X"); // 隨機(jī)分隔線 request.ContentType = "multipart/form-data;charset=utf-8;boundary=" + boundary; byte[] itemBoundaryBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "\r\n"); byte[] endBoundaryBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "--\r\n"); int pos = path.LastIndexOf("\\"); string fileName = path.Substring(pos + 1); //請求頭部信息 StringBuilder sbHeader = new StringBuilder(string.Format("Content-Disposition:form-data;name=\"file\";filename=\"{0}\"\r\nContent-Type:application/octet-stream\r\n\r\n", fileName)); byte[] postHeaderBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sbHeader.ToString()); FileStream fs = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read); byte[] bArr = new byte[fs.Length]; fs.Read(bArr, 0, bArr.Length); fs.Close(); Stream postStream = request.GetRequestStream(); postStream.Write(itemBoundaryBytes, 0, itemBoundaryBytes.Length); postStream.Write(postHeaderBytes, 0, postHeaderBytes.Length); postStream.Write(bArr, 0, bArr.Length); postStream.Write(endBoundaryBytes, 0, endBoundaryBytes.Length); postStream.Close(); //發(fā)送請求并獲取相應(yīng)回應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù) HttpWebResponse response = request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse; //直到request.GetResponse()程序才開始向目標(biāo)網(wǎng)頁發(fā)送Post請求 Stream instream = response.GetResponseStream(); StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(instream, Encoding.UTF8); //返回結(jié)果網(wǎng)頁(html)代碼 string content = sr.ReadToEnd(); return content; }
請求微信接口,上傳圖片,返回media_id(WXApi類):
/// <summary> /// 上傳媒體返回媒體ID /// </summary> public static string UploadMedia(string access_token, string type, string path) { // 設(shè)置參數(shù) string url = string.Format("http://file.api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/media/upload?access_token={0}&type={1}", access_token, type); return HttpRequestUtil.HttpUploadFile(url, path); }
string msg = WXApi.UploadMedia(access_token, "image", path); // 上圖片返回媒體IDstring media_id = Tools.GetJsonValue(msg, "media_id");
傳入的path(aspx.cs文件中的代碼):
string path = MapPath(data);
一個(gè)圖文消息由若干條圖文組成,每條圖文有標(biāo)題、內(nèi)容、鏈接、圖片等
遍歷每條圖文數(shù)據(jù),分別請求微信接口,上傳圖片,獲取media_id
3、上傳圖文消息素材
拼接圖文消息素材Json字符串(ImgItemDal類(操作圖文消息表的類)):
/// <summary> /// 拼接圖文消息素材Json字符串 /// </summary> public static string GetArticlesJsonStr(PageBase page, string access_token, DataTable dt) { StringBuilder sbArticlesJson = new StringBuilder(); sbArticlesJson.Append("{\"articles\":["); int i = 0; foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows) { string path = page.MapPath(dr["ImgUrl"].ToString()); if (!File.Exists(path)) { return "{\"code\":0,\"msg\":\"要發(fā)送的圖片不存在\"}"; } string msg = WXApi.UploadMedia(access_token, "image", path); // 上圖片返回媒體ID string media_id = Tools.GetJsonValue(msg, "media_id"); sbArticlesJson.Append("{"); sbArticlesJson.Append("\"thumb_media_id\":\"" + media_id + "\","); sbArticlesJson.Append("\"author\":\"" + dr["Author"].ToString() + "\","); sbArticlesJson.Append("\"title\":\"" + dr["Title"].ToString() + "\","); sbArticlesJson.Append("\"content_source_url\":\"" + dr["TextUrl"].ToString() + "\","); sbArticlesJson.Append("\"content\":\"" + dr["Content"].ToString() + "\","); sbArticlesJson.Append("\"digest\":\"" + dr["Content"].ToString() + "\","); if (i == dt.Rows.Count - 1) { sbArticlesJson.Append("\"show_cover_pic\":\"1\"}"); } else { sbArticlesJson.Append("\"show_cover_pic\":\"1\"},"); } i++; } sbArticlesJson.Append("]}"); return sbArticlesJson.ToString(); }
上傳圖文消息素材,獲取圖文消息的media_id:
/// <summary> /// 請求Url,發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù) /// </summary> public static string PostUrl(string url, string postData) { byte[] data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postData); // 設(shè)置參數(shù) HttpWebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest; CookieContainer cookieContainer = new CookieContainer(); request.CookieContainer = cookieContainer; request.AllowAutoRedirect = true; request.Method = "POST"; request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; request.ContentLength = data.Length; Stream outstream = request.GetRequestStream(); outstream.Write(data, 0, data.Length); outstream.Close(); //發(fā)送請求并獲取相應(yīng)回應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù) HttpWebResponse response = request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse; //直到request.GetResponse()程序才開始向目標(biāo)網(wǎng)頁發(fā)送Post請求 Stream instream = response.GetResponseStream(); StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(instream, Encoding.UTF8); //返回結(jié)果網(wǎng)頁(html)代碼 string content = sr.ReadToEnd(); return content; }
/// <summary> /// 上傳圖文消息素材返回media_id /// </summary> public static string UploadNews(string access_token, string postData) { return HttpRequestUtil.PostUrl(string.Format("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/media/uploadnews?access_token={0}", access_token), postData); }
string articlesJson = ImgItemDal.GetArticlesJsonStr(this, access_token, dt); string newsMsg = WXApi.UploadNews(access_token, articlesJson); string newsid = Tools.GetJsonValue(newsMsg, "media_id");
4、群發(fā)圖文消息
獲取全部關(guān)注者OpenID集合(WXApi類):
/// <summary> /// 獲取關(guān)注者OpenID集合 /// </summary> public static List<string> GetOpenIDs(string access_token) { List<string> result = new List<string>(); List<string> openidList = GetOpenIDs(access_token, null); result.AddRange(openidList); while (openidList.Count > 0) { openidList = GetOpenIDs(access_token, openidList[openidList.Count - 1]); result.AddRange(openidList); } return result; } /// <summary> /// 獲取關(guān)注者OpenID集合 /// </summary> public static List<string> GetOpenIDs(string access_token, string next_openid) { // 設(shè)置參數(shù) string url = string.Format("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/user/get?access_token={0}&next_openid={1}", access_token, string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(next_openid) ? "" : next_openid); string returnStr = HttpRequestUtil.RequestUrl(url); int count = int.Parse(Tools.GetJsonValue(returnStr, "count")); if (count > 0) { string startFlg = "\"openid\":["; int start = returnStr.IndexOf(startFlg) + startFlg.Length; int end = returnStr.IndexOf("]", start); string openids = returnStr.Substring(start, end - start).Replace("\"", ""); return openids.Split(',').ToList<string>(); } else { return new List<string>(); } }
拼接圖文消息Json(WXMsgUtil類):
/// <summary> /// 圖文消息json /// </summary> public static string CreateNewsJson(string media_id, List<string> openidList) { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); sb.Append("{\"touser\":["); sb.Append(string.Join(",", openidList.ConvertAll<string>(a => "\"" + a + "\"").ToArray())); sb.Append("],"); sb.Append("\"msgtype\":\"mpnews\","); sb.Append("\"mpnews\":{\"media_id\":\"" + media_id + "\"}"); sb.Append("}"); return sb.ToString(); }
群發(fā)代碼:
resultMsg = WXApi.Send(access_token, WXMsgUtil.CreateNewsJson(newsid, openidList));
/// <summary> /// 根據(jù)OpenID列表群發(fā) /// </summary> public static string Send(string access_token, string postData) { return HttpRequestUtil.PostUrl(string.Format("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/mass/send?access_token={0}", access_token), postData); }
供群發(fā)按鈕調(diào)用的方法(data是傳到頁面的id,根據(jù)它從數(shù)據(jù)庫中取數(shù)據(jù)):
/// <summary> /// 群發(fā) /// </summary> public string Send() { string type = Request["type"]; string data = Request["data"]; string access_token = AdminUtil.GetAccessToken(this); //獲取access_token List<string> openidList = WXApi.GetOpenIDs(access_token); //獲取關(guān)注者OpenID列表 UserInfo loginUser = AdminUtil.GetLoginUser(this); //當(dāng)前登錄用戶 string resultMsg = null; //發(fā)送文本 if (type == "1") { resultMsg = WXApi.Send(access_token, WXMsgUtil.CreateTextJson(data, openidList)); } //發(fā)送圖片 if (type == "2") { string path = MapPath(data); if (!File.Exists(path)) { return "{\"code\":0,\"msg\":\"要發(fā)送的圖片不存在\"}"; } string msg = WXApi.UploadMedia(access_token, "image", path); string media_id = Tools.GetJsonValue(msg, "media_id"); resultMsg = WXApi.Send(access_token, WXMsgUtil.CreateImageJson(media_id, openidList)); } //發(fā)送圖文消息 if (type == "3") { DataTable dt = ImgItemDal.GetImgItemTable(loginUser.OrgID, data); string articlesJson = ImgItemDal.GetArticlesJsonStr(this, access_token, dt); string newsMsg = WXApi.UploadNews(access_token, articlesJson); string newsid = Tools.GetJsonValue(newsMsg, "media_id"); resultMsg = WXApi.Send(access_token, WXMsgUtil.CreateNewsJson(newsid, openidList)); } //結(jié)果處理 if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(resultMsg)) { string errcode = Tools.GetJsonValue(resultMsg, "errcode"); string errmsg = Tools.GetJsonValue(resultMsg, "errmsg"); if (errcode == "0") { return "{\"code\":1,\"msg\":\"\"}"; } else { return "{\"code\":0,\"msg\":\"errcode:" + errcode + ", errmsg:" + errmsg + "\"}"; } } else { return "{\"code\":0,\"msg\":\"type參數(shù)錯誤\"}"; } }
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