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開發(fā)環(huán)境與配置
pip安裝pymysql模塊
直接使用pip安裝 pip install pymysql
win64上直接在cmd中執(zhí)行
連接本地?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
使用模塊pymysql
連接數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
本地?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫(kù)相關(guān)配置請(qǐng)參閱: http://rustfisher.github.io/2017/02/25/backend/MySQL_install/
#!/usr/bin/python # coding=utf-8 import pymysql # 連接本地?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫(kù) conn = pymysql.connect(host='localhost', port=3306, user='root', passwd='yourpwd', db='samp_db1', charset='utf8') cursor = conn.cursor() cursor.execute('select * from bigstu') for row in cursor.fetchall(): print(row) # 查 cursor.execute('select id, name from bigstu where age > 22') for res in cursor.fetchall(): print(str(res[0]) + ", " + res[1]) cursor.close() print('-- end --')
輸出:
(1, '張三', '男', 24, datetime.date(2017, 3, 29), '13666665555')
(6, '小剛', '男', 23, datetime.date(2017, 3, 11), '778899888')
(8, '小霞', '女', 20, datetime.date(2017, 3, 13), '13712345678')
(12, '小智', '男', 21, datetime.date(2017, 3, 7), '13787654321')
1, 張三
6, 小剛
-- end --
可以直接執(zhí)行sql語(yǔ)句。獲得的結(jié)果是元組。
sql相似條件查詢
SELECT * FROM anindex.subject_basic_table where season_id having '2018';
增
插入數(shù)據(jù)
插入一條數(shù)據(jù),接上面的代碼
insertSql = "insert into bigstu (name, sex, age, mobile) values ('%s','%s',%d,'%s') " xiuji = ('秀吉', '男', 15, '13400001111') cursor.execute(insertSql % xiuji) conn.commit() # 別忘了提交
添加列
在mobile后面添加一列cash
addCo = "alter table bigstu add cash int after mobile" cursor.execute(addCo)
如果要設(shè)置默認(rèn)值
addCo = "alter table bigstu add cash int default 0 after mobile" cursor.execute(addCo)
刪
刪除數(shù)據(jù)
刪除 name=秀吉 的數(shù)據(jù)
deleteSql = "delete from bigstu where name = '%s'" cursor.execute(deleteSql % '秀吉')
刪除列
刪除cash列
dropCo = "alter table bigstu drop cash" cursor.execute(dropCo)
改
修改數(shù)據(jù)
更新符合條件的數(shù)據(jù)
updateSql = "update bigstu set sex = '%s' where name = '%s'" updateXiuji = ('秀吉', '秀吉') # 秀吉的性別是秀吉 cursor.execute(updateSql % updateXiuji) conn.commit()
事物處理
給某個(gè)記錄的cash增加
table = "bigstu" addCash = "update " + table + " set cash = cash + '%d' where name = '%s'" lucky = (1000, "秀吉") try: cursor.execute(addCash % lucky) except Exception as e: conn.rollback() print("加錢失敗了") else: conn.commit()
直接執(zhí)行SQL語(yǔ)句,十分方便
代碼片段
給數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)添加列
從json中讀取需要添加的列名,獲取當(dāng)前2個(gè)表中所有的列名
整理得出需要插入的列名,然后將列插入到相應(yīng)的表中
import pymysql import json import os import secureUtils mapping_keys = json.load(open("key_mapping_db.json", "r")) db_keys = [] # json中所有的key for k in mapping_keys.values(): db_keys.append(k) conn = pymysql.connect(host='localhost', port=3306, user='root', passwd='*****', db='db_name', charset='utf8') cursor = conn.cursor() table_main = "table_main" main_table_keys = [] # 主表的列名 cursor.execute("show columns from " + table_main) for row in cursor.fetchall(): main_table_keys.append(row[0]) staff_table_keys = [] cursor.execute("show columns from table_second") for row in cursor.fetchall(): staff_table_keys.append(row[0]) need_to_insert_keys = [] for k in db_keys: if k not in staff_table_keys and k not in main_table_keys and k not in need_to_insert_keys: need_to_insert_keys.append(k) print("need to insert " + str(len(need_to_insert_keys))) print(need_to_insert_keys) for kn in need_to_insert_keys: print("add key to db " + kn) cursor.execute("alter table staff_table add " + kn +" text") conn.close()
將字段字符改變
這里將main_table_keys中的所有字段改為utf8
# change column character set to utf8 for co in main_table_keys: change_sql = "alter table " + table_main + " modify " + co + " text character set utf8" print(change_sql) cursor.execute(change_sql)
以上就是Python 如何操作 MySQL的詳細(xì)內(nèi)容,更多關(guān)于Python 操作 MySQL的資料請(qǐng)關(guān)注億速云其它相關(guān)文章!
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