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正則表達(dá)式是一種字符模式,用于在查找過程中匹配制定的字符。 |
這樣每次過濾出來的字符串都會(huì)帶色彩了。
在開始之前還需要做一件事情,就是創(chuàng)建一個(gè)測試用的re-file文件,內(nèi)容如下:
正則表達(dá)式元字符
正則表達(dá)式元字符,由vi/grep/sed/awk等文本處理工具進(jìn)行解析;
正則表達(dá)式一般以文本行進(jìn)行處理,在進(jìn)行下面實(shí)例之前,先為grep命令設(shè)置--color參數(shù):
class="">$ alias grep='grep --color=auto'
class="">$ cat re-fileI had a lovely time on our little picnic.
Lovers were all around us. It is springtime. Oh
love, how much I adore you. Do you know
the extent of my love? Oh, by the way, I think
I lost my gloves somewhere out in that field of
clover. Did you see them? I can only hope love.
is forever. I live for you. It's hard to get back in the
groove.
class="">$ cat linux.txtLinux is a good
god assdxw bcvnbvbjk
greatttttt wexcvxc
operaaaating dhfghfvx
gooodfs awrerdxxhkl
gdsystem awxxxx
glad
good
特殊的元字符
擴(kuò)展的正則表達(dá)式
實(shí)操
匹配以love開頭的所有行
匹配love結(jié)尾的所有行
匹配以l開頭,中間包含兩個(gè)字符,結(jié)尾是e的所有行
匹配0個(gè)或多個(gè)空行,后面是love的字符
匹配love或Love
匹配A-Z的字母,其次是ove
匹配不在A-Z范圍內(nèi)的任何字符行,所有的小寫字符
匹配love
匹配空格
匹配任意字符
前面o字符重復(fù)2到4次
重復(fù)o字符至少2次
重復(fù)0字符最多2次
重復(fù)前一個(gè)字符一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上
或,查找多個(gè)字符串
分組過濾匹配
class="">$ grep '^love' re-filelove, how much I adore you. Do you know
class="">$ grep 'love$' re-fileclover. Did you see them? I can only hope love.
class="">$ grep 'l..e' re-fileI had a lovely time on our little picnic.
love, how much I adore you. Do you know
the extent of my love? Oh, by the way, I think
I lost my gloves somewhere out in that field of
clover. Did you see them? I can only hope love.
is forever. I live for you. It's hard to get back in the
class="">$ grep ' *love' re-fileI had a lovely time on our little picnic.
love, how much I adore you. Do you know
the extent of my love? Oh, by the way, I think
I lost my gloves somewhere out in that field of
clover. Did you see them? I can only hope love.
class="">$ grep '[Ll]ove' re-file # 對l不區(qū)分大小寫I had a lovely time on our little picnic.
Lovers were all around us. It is springtime. Oh
love, how much I adore you. Do you know
the extent of my love? Oh, by the way, I think
I lost my gloves somewhere out in that field of
clover. Did you see them? I can only hope love.
class="">$ grep '[A-Z]ove' re-fileLovers were all around us. It is springtime. Oh
class="">$ grep '[^A-Z]' re-fileI had a lovely time on our little picnic.
Lovers were all around us. It is springtime. Oh
love, how much I adore you. Do you know
the extent of my love? Oh, by the way, I think
I lost my gloves somewhere out in that field of
clover. Did you see them? I can only hope love.
is forever. I live for you. It's hard to get back in the
groove.
class="">$ grep 'love\.' re-fileclover. Did you see them? I can only hope love.
class="">$ grep '^$' re-file
class="">$ grep '.*' re-fileI had a lovely time on our little picnic.
Lovers were all around us. It is springtime. Oh
love, how much I adore you. Do you know
the extent of my love? Oh, by the way, I think
I lost my gloves somewhere out in that field of
clover. Did you see them? I can only hope love.
is forever. I live for you. It's hard to get back in the
groove.
class="">$ grep 'o\{2,4\}' re-filegroove.
class="">$ grep 'o\{2,\}' re-filegroove.
class="">$ grep 'o\{,2\}' re-fileI had a lovely time on our little picnic.
Lovers were all around us. It is springtime. Oh
love, how much I adore you. Do you know
the extent of my love? Oh, by the way, I think
I lost my gloves somewhere out in that field of
clover. Did you see them? I can only hope love.
is forever. I live for you. It's hard to get back in the
groove.
class="">$ egrep "go+d" linux.txtLinux is a good
god assdxw bcvnbvbjk
gooodfs awrerdxxhkl
good#####0個(gè)或者一個(gè)字符ansheng@Ubuntu:/tmp$ egrep "go?d" linux.txt
god assdxw bcvnbvbjk
gdsystem awxxxx
class="">$ egrep "gd|good" linux.txtLinux is a good
gdsystem awxxxx
good
class="">$ egrep "g(la|oo)d" linux.txtLinux is a good
glad
good
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