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Heartbeat+DRBD+MySQL高可用架構(gòu)方案與實施

發(fā)布時間：2020-08-07 22:56:45 來源：ITPUB博客 閱讀：303 作者：dbasdk 欄目：MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫

 

實驗參考    http://blog.csdn.net/qq_19175749/article/details/51607210

 

一、相關(guān)軟件介紹

1. Heartbeat介紹

官方站點：http://linux-ha.org/wiki/Main_Page

heartbeat可以資源(VIP地址及程序服務(wù))從一臺有故障的服務(wù)器快速的轉(zhuǎn)移到另一臺正常的服務(wù)器提供服務(wù)，heartbeat和keepalived相似，heartbeat可以實現(xiàn)failover功能，但不能實現(xiàn)對后端的健康檢查

 

heartbeat和keepalived應用場景及區(qū)別

很多網(wǎng)友說為什么不使用keepalived而使用長期不更新的heartbeat，下面說一下它們之間的應用場景及區(qū)別

1、對于web，db，負載均衡(lvs,haproxy,nginx)等，heartbeat和keepalived都可以實現(xiàn)

2、lvs最好和keepalived結(jié)合，因為keepalived最初就是為lvs產(chǎn)生的，(heartbeat沒有對RS的健康檢查功能，heartbeat可以通過ldircetord來進行健康檢查的功能)

3、mysql雙主多從，NFS/MFS存儲，他們的特點是需要數(shù)據(jù)同步，這樣的業(yè)務(wù)最好使用heartbeat，因為heartbeat有自帶的drbd腳本

總結(jié)：無數(shù)據(jù)同步的應用程序高可用可選擇keepalived，有數(shù)據(jù)同步的應用程序高可用可選擇heartbeat

 

 

2. DRBD介紹

官方站點： http://www.drbd.org/users-guide-8.4/

DRBD(DistributedReplicatedBlockDevice)是一個基于塊設(shè)備級別在遠程服務(wù)器直接同步和鏡像數(shù)據(jù)的軟件，用軟件實現(xiàn)的、無共享的、服務(wù)器之間鏡像塊設(shè)備內(nèi)容的存儲復制解決方案。它可以實現(xiàn)在網(wǎng)絡(luò)中兩臺服務(wù)器之間基于塊設(shè)備級別的實時鏡像或同步復制(兩臺服務(wù)器都寫入成功)/異步復制(本地服務(wù)器寫入成功)，相當于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的RAID1，由于是基于塊設(shè)備(磁盤，LVM邏輯卷)，在文件系統(tǒng)的底層，所以數(shù)據(jù)復制要比cp命令更快。DRBD已經(jīng)被MySQL官方寫入文檔手冊作為推薦的高可用的方案之一

 

3. MySQL介紹

官方站點： http://www.mysql.com/

MySQL是一個開放源碼的小型關(guān)聯(lián)式數(shù)據(jù)庫管理系統(tǒng)。目前MySQL被廣泛地應用在Internet上的中小型網(wǎng)站中。由于其體積小、速度快、總體擁有成本低，尤其是開放源碼這一特點，許多中小型網(wǎng)站為了降低網(wǎng)站總體擁有成本而選擇了MySQL作為網(wǎng)站數(shù)據(jù)庫。

 

 

二、前期環(huán)境準備

1. 架構(gòu)拓撲

架構(gòu)說明：

一主多從最常用的架構(gòu)，多個從庫可以使用lvs來提供讀的負載均衡

解決一主單點的問題，當主庫宕機后，可以實現(xiàn)主庫宕機后備節(jié)點自動接管，所有的從庫會自動和新的主庫進行同步，實現(xiàn)了mysql主庫的熱備方案

 

2. 系統(tǒng)環(huán)境

系統(tǒng)環(huán)境

 

系統(tǒng)

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.5

系統(tǒng)位數(shù)

x86_64

內(nèi)核版本

2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64

軟件環(huán)境

 

heartbeat

heartbeat-3.0.4

drbd

drbd-8.4.4

mysql

mysql-5.5.32

 

3. 部署環(huán)境

角色

IP

VIP

eth0: 192.168.12.1/24  （提供對外服務(wù)地址）

master1

eth0: 192.168.12.55/24 （內(nèi)網(wǎng)）

eth2: 10.1.12.55/24 （心跳線）

eth3: 10.2.12.55/24（DRBD千兆數(shù)據(jù)傳輸）

master2

eth0: 192.168.12.56/24 （內(nèi)網(wǎng)）

eth2: 10.1.12.56/24 （心跳線）

eth3: 10.2.12.56/24（DRBD千兆數(shù)據(jù)傳輸）

slave1

eth0: 192.168.12.55/24（暫時放在master1上）

說明：從庫通過主庫的VIP進行主從同步replication

需求：

1、主庫master1宕機后master2自動接管VIP以及所有從庫

2、在master2接管時，不影響從庫的主從同步replication

 

4. 主庫服務(wù)器數(shù)據(jù)分區(qū)信息

磁盤

容量

分區(qū)

掛載點

說明

/dev/sdb

18G

/dev/sdb2

/data/

存放數(shù)據(jù)

2G

/dev/sdb1

metadata分區(qū)

存放drbd同步的狀態(tài)信息

注意

1、metadata分區(qū)一定不能格式化建立文件系統(tǒng)(sdb2存放drbd同步的狀態(tài)信息)

2、分好的分區(qū)不要進行掛載

3、生產(chǎn)環(huán)境DRBDmetadata分區(qū)一般可設(shè)置為1-2G，數(shù)據(jù)分區(qū)看需求給最大

4、在生產(chǎn)環(huán)境中兩塊硬盤一樣大

 

 

5. 環(huán)境準備

## 主機名、ip修改，關(guān)閉防火墻，重啟一次系統(tǒng)：

# hostname master1

# vi /etc/sysconfig/network

NETWORKING=yes

HOSTNAME=master1

 

 

#### 如下：

[root@master1 ~]# hostname

master1

[root@master1 ~]# ip add|egrep "eth0|eth2|eth3"|grep inet

    inet 192.168.12.55/24 brd 192.168.12.255 scope global eth0

    inet 10.1.12.55/24 brd 10.1.12.255 scope global eth2

inet 10.2.12.55/24 brd 10.2.12.255 scope global eth3

 

[root@master1 ~]# fdisk -l|grep sdb

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

[root@master1 ~]# chkconfig iptables off

[root@master1 ~]# reboot

 

[root@master2 ~]# hostname

master2

[root@master2 ~]# ip add|egrep "eth0|eth2|eth3"|grep inet

    inet 192.168.12.56/24 brd 192.168.12.255 scope global eth0

    inet 10.1.12.56/24 brd 10.1.12.255 scope global eth2

inet 10.2.12.56/24 brd 10.2.12.255 scope global eth3

[root@master2 ~]# fdisk -l|grep sdb

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

[root@master2 ~]# chkconfig iptables off

[root@master2 ~]# reboot

 

 

 

三、heartbeat安裝部署

1. 配置服務(wù)器間心跳連接路由及hosts

======master1

[root@master1 ~]# route add -host 10.1.12.56 dev eth2  《到對端心跳路由》

[root@master1 ~]# route add -host 10.2.12.56 dev eth3  《到對端DRBD數(shù)據(jù)路由》

[root@master1 ~]# route -n|grep "10\."|sort

10.1.12.0       0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth2

10.1.12.56      0.0.0.0         255.255.255.255 UH    0      0        0 eth2

10.2.12.0       0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth3

10.2.12.56      0.0.0.0         255.255.255.255 UH    0      0        0 eth3

 

## hosts配置選擇心跳ip以及drbd-ip

[root@master1 ~]# echo "10.1.12.55    master1

10.2.12.55    master1

10.1.12.56    master2

10.2.12.56    master2" >> /etc/hosts

[root@master1 ~]# tail -4 /etc/hosts

10.1.12.55    master1

10.2.12.55    master1

10.1.12.56    master2

10.2.12.56    master2

 

======master2

[root@master2 ~]# route add -host 10.1.12.55 dev eth2

[root@master2 ~]# route add -host 10.2.12.55 dev eth3

[root@master2 ~]# route -n|grep "10\."|sort

10.1.12.0       0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth2

10.1.12.55      0.0.0.0         255.255.255.255 UH    0      0        0 eth2

10.2.12.0       0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth3

10.2.12.55      0.0.0.0         255.255.255.255 UH    0      0        0 eth3

 

## hosts配置選擇心跳ip

[root@master2 ~]# echo "10.1.12.55    master1

10.2.12.55    master1

10.1.12.56    master2

10.2.12.56    master2" >> /etc/hosts

[root@master2 ~]# tail -2 /etc/hosts

10.1.12.55    master1

10.2.12.55    master1

10.1.12.56    master2

10.2.12.56    master2

 

2. 安裝heartbeat

## 如果開啟防火墻，需要放行udp 694端口   主備一致

[root@master2 heartbeat-3.0.4-RPM]# cat setup.sh

#!/bin/bash

cd `dirname $0`

echo `pwd`

echo install lib64ltdl7

rpm -ivf lib64ltdl7-2.2.6-6.1mdv2009.1.x86_64.rpm

echo install perl-TimeDate

rpm -ivf perl-TimeDate-1.16-13.el6.noarch.rpm

echo install PyXML

rpm -ivf PyXML-0.8.4-19.el6.x86_64.rpm

echo install cluster-glue-libs

rpm -ivf cluster-glue-libs-1.0.5-6.el6.x86_64.rpm

echo install cluster-glue

rpm -ivf cluster-glue-1.0.5-6.el6.x86_64.rpm

echo install resource-agents

rpm -ivf resource-agents-3.9.5-24.el6_7.1.x86_64.rpm

echo install heartbeat

rpm -ivf heartbeat-3.0.4-2.el6.x86_64.rpm  heartbeat-libs-3.0.4-2.el6.x86_64.rpm

echo Done

exit 0

 

[root@master2 heartbeat-3.0.4-RPM]# sh setup.sh

 

[root@master2 heartbeat-3.0.4-RPM]# rpm -qa|grep heartbeat

heartbeat-libs-3.0.4-2.el6.x86_64

heartbeat-3.0.4-2.el6.x86_64

 

 

3. 配置heartbeat

## 主備兩端配置文件ha.cf/authkeys/sharesources 完全一致

3.1 配置ha.cf文件

[root@master1 ~]# vim /etc/ha.d/ha.cf

#log configure

debugfile /var/log/ha-debug

logfile /var/log/ha-log

logfacility local1

#options configure

keepalive 2

deadtime 30

warntime 10

initdead 120

#bcast  eth2

mcast eth2 225.0.0.55 694 1 0

#node configure

auto_failback on

node    master1

node    master2

crm no

 

3.2 配置authkeys文件

[root@master1 ~]# vi /etc/ha.d/authkeys

auth 1

1 sha1 47e9336850f1db6fa58bc470bc9b7810eb397f06

 

[root@master1 ~]#  chmod 600 /etc/ha.d/authkeys

 

3.3 配置haresource文件

master1 IPaddr::192.168.12.1/24/eth0

#master1 IPaddr::192.168.12.1/24/eth0 drbddisk::data Filesystem::/dev/drbd1::/data::ext4 mysqld

 

說明：

drbddisk::data      <==啟動drbd data資源，相當于執(zhí)行/etc/ha.d/resource.d/drbddisk data stop/start操作

Filesystem::/dev/drbd1::/data::ext4     <==drbd分區(qū)掛載到/data目錄，相當于執(zhí)行/etc/ha.d/resource.d/Filesystem /dev/drbd1 /data ext4 stop/start        <==相當于系統(tǒng)中執(zhí)行mount /dev/drbd1 /data

mysql               <==啟動mysql服務(wù)腳本，相當于/etc/init.d/mysql stop/start

 

 

4. 啟動heartbeat，并測試

4.1 啟動master1，查看vip

[root@master1 ~]# /etc/init.d/heartbeat start

 

## 注意看日志

[root@master1 ~]# tail -200f /var/log/ha-log

[root@master1 ~]# tail -200f /var/log/ha-debug

 

[root@master1 ~]# ip add|grep 192

    inet 192.168.12.55/24 brd 192.168.12.255 scope global eth0

    inet 192.168.12.1/24 brd 192.168.12.255 scope global secondary eth0

 

[root@master1 ~]# chkconfig --list heartbeat

heartbeat       0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

 

4.2 啟動master2，做切換測試

[root@master2 ~]# /etc/init.d/heartbeat start

[root@master2 ~]# ip add|grep 192

    inet 192.168.12.56/24 brd 192.168.12.255 scope global eth0

 

## 模擬故障

[root@master1 ~]# /etc/init.d/heartbeat stop

[root@master1 ~]# ip add|grep 192

    inet 192.168.12.55/24 brd 192.168.12.255 scope global eth0

 

[root@master2 ~]# ip add|grep 192

    inet 192.168.12.56/24 brd 192.168.12.255 scope global eth0

    inet 192.168.12.1/24 brd 192.168.12.255 scope global secondary eth0

說明：master1宕機后，vip地址漂移到master2節(jié)點上，master2成為主節(jié)點

 

## master1搶占vip

[root@master1 ~]# /etc/init.d/heartbeat start

[root@master1 ~]# ip add|grep 192

    inet 192.168.12.55/24 brd 192.168.12.255 scope global eth0

    inet 192.168.12.1/24 brd 192.168.12.255 scope global secondary eth0

 

[root@master2 ~]# ip add|grep 192

    inet 192.168.12.56/24 brd 192.168.12.255 scope global eth0

說明：master1啟動后，vip地址漂移回master1節(jié)點上，master1成為主節(jié)點。原因是/etc/ha.d/ha.cf 參數(shù)中auto_failback on   這里建議改為off


四、DRBD安裝部署

4.1 新添加的磁盤分區(qū)

Heartbeat+DRBD+MySQL高可用架構(gòu)方案與實施

Heartbeat+DRBD+MySQL高可用架構(gòu)方案與實施

 

## 這里已經(jīng)分好區(qū)，如下：（2G給drbd存狀態(tài)信息，18G用于存data數(shù)據(jù)）

[root@master1 ~]# fdisk -l|grep sdb

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

/dev/sdb1               1         262     2104483+  83  Linux

/dev/sdb2             263        2610    18860310   83  Linux

 

[root@master2 ~]# fdisk -l|grep sdb

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

/dev/sdb1               1         262     2104483+  83  Linux

/dev/sdb2             263        2610    18860310   83  Linux

 

## 格式化sdb2分區(qū)，sdb1分區(qū)為meta data分區(qū)，不要格式化

[root@master1 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb2

[root@master2 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb2

 

4.2 DRBD編譯安裝

## 主備節(jié)點兩端配置文件完全一致

# yum -y install kernel-devel kernel-headers flex

 

# tar zxvf drbd-8.4.4.tar.gz

# cd drbd-8.4.4

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/drbd --with-km

# make KDIR=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64

# make install

# mkdir -p /usr/local/drbd/var/run/drbd

# cp /usr/local/drbd/etc/rc.d/init.d/drbd /etc/rc.d/init.d/

# chkconfig --add drbd

# chkconfig --list drbd

drbd            0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

 

4.3 DRBD模塊安裝

回到剛剛解壓drbd的目錄，然后

# cd drbd

# make clean

rm -rf .tmp_versions Module.markers Module.symvers modules.order

rm -f *.[oas] *.ko .*.cmd .*.d .*.tmp *.mod.c .*.flags .depend .kernel*

rm -f compat/*.[oas] compat/.*.cmd

 

# make KDIR=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64

# cp drbd.ko /lib/modules/2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64/kernel/lib/

 

# depmod

# modprobe drbd

# 查看模塊是否加載成功

# lsmod |grep drbd

drbd                  340519  0

libcrc32c               1246  1 drbd

 

## 配置開機自動加載

# echo "modprobe drbd >/dev/null 2>&1" > /etc/sysconfig/modules/drbd.modules

 

[root@master1 ~]# more /etc/sysconfig/modules/drbd.modules

modprobe drbd >/dev/null 2>&1

 

 

4.4 配置DRBD

## 主備節(jié)點兩端配置文件完全一致

[root@master1 ~]# vi /usr/local/drbd/etc/drbd.conf

global {

# minor-count 64;

# dialog-refresh 5; # 5 seconds

# disable-ip-verification;

usage-count no;

}

common {

protocol C;

disk {

on-io-error   detach;

#size 454G;

no-disk-flushes;

no-md-flushes;

}

net {

sndbuf-size 512k;

# timeout       60;    #  6 seconds  (unit = 0.1 seconds)

# connect-int   10;    # 10 seconds  (unit = 1 second)

# ping-int      10;    # 10 seconds  (unit = 1 second)

# ping-timeout   5;    # 500 ms (unit = 0.1 seconds)

max-buffers     8000;

unplug-watermark   1024;

max-epoch-size  8000;

# ko-count 4;

# allow-two-primaries;

cram-hmac-alg "sha1";

shared-secret "hdhwXes23sYEhart8t";

after-sb-0pri disconnect;

after-sb-1pri disconnect;

after-sb-2pri disconnect;

rr-conflict disconnect;

# data-integrity-alg "md5";

# no-tcp-cork;

}

syncer {

rate 120M;

al-extents 517;

}

}

resource data {

on master1 {

device     /dev/drbd1;

disk       /dev/sdb2;

address    10.2.12.55:7788;

meta-disk  /dev/sdb1 [0];

}

on master2 {

device     /dev/drbd1;

disk       /dev/sdb2;

address    10.2.12.56:7788;

meta-disk  /dev/sdb1 [0];

}

}

 

4.5 初始化meta分區(qū)

## 主備節(jié)點兩端配置文件完全一致

[root@master1 ~]# drbdadm create-md data

Writing meta data...

initializing activity log

NOT initializing bitmap

New drbd meta data block successfully created.

 

4.6 啟動drbd

## 主備都需要

[root@master1 ~]# drbdadm up all

[root@master1 ~]# cat /proc/drbd

version: 8.4.4 (api:1/proto:86-101)

GIT-hash: 74402fecf24da8e5438171ee8c19e28627e1c98a build by root@master1, 2018-03-16 11:44:26

 1: cs:WFConnection ro:Secondary/Unknown ds:Inconsistent/DUnknown C r----s

    ns:0 nr:0 dw:0 dr:0 al:0 bm:0 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:d oos:18860312

 

4.7 初始化設(shè)備同步（設(shè)置主節(jié)點，覆蓋備節(jié)點，保持數(shù)據(jù)一致）

## 主節(jié)點操作

[root@master1 ~]# drbdadm -- --overwrite-data-of-peer primary data

[root@master1 ~]# cat /proc/drbd

version: 8.4.4 (api:1/proto:86-101)

GIT-hash: 74402fecf24da8e5438171ee8c19e28627e1c98a build by root@master1, 2018-03-16 11:44:26

 1: cs:SyncSource ro:Primary/Secondary ds:UpToDate/Inconsistent C r-----

    ns:10354688 nr:0 dw:0 dr:10358428 al:0 bm:632 lo:1 pe:0 ua:4 ap:0 ep:1 wo:d oos:8505624

        [==========>.........] sync'ed: 55.0% (8304/18416)M

        finish: 0:01:25 speed: 99,360 (96,772) K/sec

 

[root@master2 ~]# cat /proc/drbd

version: 8.4.4 (api:1/proto:86-101)

GIT-hash: 74402fecf24da8e5438171ee8c19e28627e1c98a build by root@master2, 2016-10-29 23:25:51

 1: cs:SyncTarget ro:Secondary/Primary ds:Inconsistent/UpToDate C r-----

    ns:0 nr:15407104 dw:15406080 dr:0 al:0 bm:940 lo:2 pe:7 ua:1 ap:0 ep:1 wo:d oos:3454232

        [===============>....] sync'ed: 81.7% (3372/18416)M

        finish: 0:00:35 speed: 98,360 (96,288) want: 102,400 K/sec

 

[root@master1 ~]# chkconfig --list drbd

drbd            0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

 

4.8 掛載drbd分區(qū)到data數(shù)據(jù)目錄

[root@master1 ~]# drbdadm primary all

[root@master1 ~]# mkdir /data

[root@master1 ~]# mount /dev/drbd1 /data/

[root@master1 ~]# df -hT|grep drbd

/dev/drbd1                  ext4      18G  172M   17G   1% /data

 

4.9 測試drbd

## 正常狀態(tài)

[root@master1 ~]# cp drbd-8.4.4.tar.gz /data/

[root@master1 ~]# echo "test drbd switch .....">/data/test.txt

 

[root@master1 ~]# cat /proc/drbd

version: 8.4.4 (api:1/proto:86-101)

GIT-hash: 74402fecf24da8e5438171ee8c19e28627e1c98a build by root@master1, 2018-03-16 11:44:26

 1: cs:Connected ro:Primary/Secondary ds:UpToDate/UpToDate C r-----

    ns:18861122 nr:0 dw:812 dr:18861341 al:4 bm:1152 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:d oos:0

[root@master2 ~]# cat /proc/drbd

version: 8.4.4 (api:1/proto:86-101)

GIT-hash: 74402fecf24da8e5438171ee8c19e28627e1c98a build by root@master2, 2016-10-29 23:25:51

 1: cs:Connected ro:Secondary/Primary ds:UpToDate/UpToDate C r-----

    ns:0 nr:18861146 dw:18861146 dr:0 al:0 bm:1152 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:d oos:0

說明：master1為主節(jié)點，master2為備節(jié)點

 

## 模擬master1宕機

[root@master1 ~]# umount /dev/drbd1

[root@master1 ~]# drbdadm down all

[root@master1 ~]# cat /proc/drbd

version: 8.4.4 (api:1/proto:86-101)

GIT-hash: 74402fecf24da8e5438171ee8c19e28627e1c98a build by root@master1, 2018-03-16 11:44:26

 

[root@master2 ~]# cat /proc/drbd

version: 8.4.4 (api:1/proto:86-101)

GIT-hash: 74402fecf24da8e5438171ee8c19e28627e1c98a build by root@master2, 2016-10-29 23:25:51

 1: cs:WFConnection ro:Secondary/Unknown ds:UpToDate/DUnknown C r-----

    ns:0 nr:18861178 dw:18861178 dr:0 al:0 bm:1152 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:d oos:0

 

[root@master2 ~]# drbdadm primary all

[root@master2 ~]# cat /proc/drbd

version: 8.4.4 (api:1/proto:86-101)

GIT-hash: 74402fecf24da8e5438171ee8c19e28627e1c98a build by root@master2, 2016-10-29 23:25:51

 1: cs:WFConnection ro:Primary/Unknown ds:UpToDate/DUnknown C r-----

    ns:0 nr:18861178 dw:18861178 dr:668 al:0 bm:1152 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:d oos:0

[root@master2 ~]# mkdir /data

[root@master2 ~]# mount /dev/drbd1 /data/

[root@master2 ~]# df -hT|grep drbd

/dev/drbd1                   ext4      18G  173M   17G   2% /data

[root@master2 ~]# ll -lrht /data/

total 716K

drwx------ 2 root root  16K Mar 16  2018 lost+found

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 693K Mar 16  2018 drbd-8.4.4.tar.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   23 Mar 16  2018 test.txt

說明：master1宕機后，master2可以升級為主節(jié)點，掛載drbd分區(qū)繼續(xù)使用

 

 

#### 還原drbd到master1

[root@master1 ~]# /etc/init.d/drbd start

[root@master1 ~]# cat /proc/drbd

version: 8.4.4 (api:1/proto:86-101)

GIT-hash: 74402fecf24da8e5438171ee8c19e28627e1c98a build by root@master1, 2018-03-16 11:44:26

 1: cs:Connected ro:Secondary/Primary ds:UpToDate/UpToDate C r-----

    ns:0 nr:4 dw:4 dr:0 al:0 bm:1 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:d oos:0

 

[root@master2 ~]# cat /proc/drbd

version: 8.4.4 (api:1/proto:86-101)

GIT-hash: 74402fecf24da8e5438171ee8c19e28627e1c98a build by root@master2, 2016-10-29 23:25:51

 1: cs:Connected ro:Primary/Secondary ds:UpToDate/UpToDate C r-----

    ns:4 nr:18861178 dw:18861182 dr:1027 al:1 bm:1153 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:d oos:0

[root@master2 ~]# /etc/init.d/drbd stop

Stopping all DRBD resources:

.

[root@master2 ~]# cat /proc/drbd

cat: /proc/drbd: No such file or directory

[root@master2 ~]# df -hT|grep drbd

[root@master2 ~]# /etc/init.d/drbd start

[root@master2 ~]# cat /proc/drbd

version: 8.4.4 (api:1/proto:86-101)

GIT-hash: 74402fecf24da8e5438171ee8c19e28627e1c98a build by root@master2, 2016-10-29 23:25:51

 1: cs:Connected ro:Secondary/Secondary ds:UpToDate/UpToDate C r-----

    ns:0 nr:0 dw:0 dr:0 al:0 bm:0 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:d oos:0

 

[root@master1 ~]# drbdadm primary all

[root@master1 ~]# cat /proc/drbd

version: 8.4.4 (api:1/proto:86-101)

GIT-hash: 74402fecf24da8e5438171ee8c19e28627e1c98a build by root@master1, 2018-03-16 11:44:26

 1: cs:Connected ro:Primary/Secondary ds:UpToDate/UpToDate C r-----

    ns:0 nr:8 dw:8 dr:668 al:0 bm:1 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:d oos:0

[root@master1 ~]# mount /dev/drbd1 /data/

[root@master1 ~]# df -hT|grep drbd

/dev/drbd1                  ext4      18G  173M   17G   2% /data

 

 

4.10 配置haresource啟動drbd

[root@master1 ~]# chkconfig --list drbd

drbd            0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

[root@master1 ~]# chkconfig drbd off

[root@master1 ~]# vi /etc/ha.d/haresources

master1 IPaddr::192.168.12.1/24/eth0 drbddisk::data Filesystem::/dev/drbd1::/data::ext4

[root@master1 ~]# cp /root/drbd-8.4.4/scripts/drbddisk /etc/ha.d/resource.d/

[root@master1 ~]# /etc/init.d/heartbeat stop

 

[root@master2 ~]# chkconfig drbd off

[root@master2 ~]# vi /etc/ha.d/haresources

master1 IPaddr::192.168.12.1/24/eth0 drbddisk::data Filesystem::/dev/drbd1::/data::ext4

[root@master2 ~]# cp /root/drbd-8.4.4/scripts/drbddisk /etc/ha.d/resource.d/

[root@master2 ~]# /etc/init.d/heartbeat stop

 

[root@master1 ~]# /etc/init.d/heartbeat start

[root@master2 ~]# /etc/init.d/heartbeat start

 

 

## 測試切換

[root@master1 ~]# ip add|grep 192

    inet 192.168.12.55/24 brd 192.168.12.255 scope global eth0

inet 192.168.12.1/24 brd 192.168.12.255 scope global secondary eth0

[root@master1 ~]# cat /proc/drbd

version: 8.4.4 (api:1/proto:86-101)

GIT-hash: 74402fecf24da8e5438171ee8c19e28627e1c98a build by root@master1, 2018-03-16 11:44:26

 1: cs:Connected ro:Primary/Secondary ds:UpToDate/UpToDate C r-----

    ns:4 nr:0 dw:4 dr:693 al:1 bm:0 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:d oos:0

[root@master1 ~]# df -hT|grep /drbd

/dev/drbd1                  ext4      18G  173M   17G   2% /data

[root@master1 ~]# /etc/init.d/heartbeat stop

[root@master1 ~]# cat /proc/drbd

version: 8.4.4 (api:1/proto:86-101)

GIT-hash: 74402fecf24da8e5438171ee8c19e28627e1c98a build by root@master1, 2018-03-16 11:44:26

 1: cs:Connected ro:Secondary/Primary ds:UpToDate/UpToDate C r-----

    ns:8 nr:4 dw:12 dr:1027 al:1 bm:0 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:d oos:0

[root@master1 ~]# ip add|grep 192

inet 192.168.12.55/24 brd 192.168.12.255 scope global eth0

 

[root@master2 ~]# ip add|grep 192

    inet 192.168.12.56/24 brd 192.168.12.255 scope global eth0

    inet 192.168.12.1/24 brd 192.168.12.255 scope global secondary eth0

[root@master2 ~]# cat /proc/drbd

version: 8.4.4 (api:1/proto:86-101)

GIT-hash: 74402fecf24da8e5438171ee8c19e28627e1c98a build by root@master2, 2016-10-29 23:25:51

 1: cs:Connected ro:Primary/Secondary ds:UpToDate/UpToDate C r-----

    ns:4 nr:8 dw:12 dr:693 al:1 bm:0 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:d oos:0

[root@master2 ~]# df -hT|grep drbd

/dev/drbd1                   ext4      18G  173M   17G   2% /data

 

 

 

 

五、MySQL安裝部署

## master1安裝mysql，master2只安裝到初始化之前，slave從庫也配置在master1上，這里暫時不配置slave從庫

1. 安裝cmake工具

# ls -lrht cmake-2.8.8.tar.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5.5M Oct 20 04:50 cmake-2.8.8.tar.gz

 

# tar xf cmake-2.8.8.tar.gz

# cd cmake-2.8.8

# ./configure

# gmake

# gmake install

 

# which cmake

/usr/local/bin/cmake

 

 

2. 安裝ncurses-devel依賴

# yum -y install ncurses-devel

# yum -y install bison

 

3. 開始安裝MySQL

3.1 創(chuàng)建用戶

----u 指定用戶uid  ----s 指定用戶登錄所使用shell   ----M 不要創(chuàng)建用戶登錄目錄  ----g 指定用戶所屬組    ----G指定用戶附加組

# groupadd -g 1200 mysql

# useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M -g mysql -u 1200

 

---hosts配置（這里不用配置，因為后續(xù)mysql是通過vip提供服務(wù)）

# tail -4 /etc/hosts

10.1.12.55    master1

10.2.12.55    master1

10.1.12.56    master2

10.2.12.56    master2

 

3.2 解壓編譯

# tar zxf mysql-5.5.32.tar.gz

# cd mysql-5.5.32

# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/app/mysql-5.5.32 \

-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/app/mysql-5.5.32/data \

-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/app/mysql-5.5.32/tmp/mysql.sock \

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \

-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=gbk,gb2312,utf8,ascii \

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON \

-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITHOUT_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_FAST_MUTEXES=1 \

-DWITH_ZLIB=bundled \

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \

-DWITH_READLINE=1 \

-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \

-DWITH_DEBUG=0

 

3.3 安裝mysql

# make && make install

 

3.4 創(chuàng)建一個Link文件

# ln -s /app/mysql-5.5.32/ /app/mysql

# ll /app/

total 4

lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   18 Oct 30 05:06 mysql -> /app/mysql-5.5.32/

drwxr-xr-x 13 root root 4096 Oct 30 05:05 mysql-5.5.32

 

3.5 配置環(huán)境變量

# echo 'export PATH=/app/mysql/bin:$PATH' >> /etc/profile

tail -5 /etc/profile

source /etc/profile

echo $PATH

 

3.6 配置my.cnf文件

## 放到drbd存儲上

# vi /data/master/my.cnf

[mysqld]

socket = /data/master/mysql.sock

port = 3306

pid-file = /data/master/mysql.pid

datadir = /data/master/data

basedir = /app/mysql

user = mysql

server-id=1

[client]

port = 3306

socket = /data/master/mysql.sock

 

[mysql]

no-auto-rehash

 

 

 

4. master1上初始化并啟動MySQL

## 注意：數(shù)據(jù)庫存放數(shù)據(jù)的目錄一定要在drbd分區(qū)

## master1上操作

[root@master1 ~]# df -hT|grep drbd

/dev/drbd1                  ext4      18G  173M   17G   2% /data

 

[root@master1 ~]# cd /app/mysql/scripts/

# ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/app/mysql --datadir=/data/master/data --user=mysql

 

# chown -R mysql. /data/master/

 

## 啟動mysql

# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/master/my.cnf &

# netstat -nltpd |grep mysql

 

## 修改mysql登錄密碼

# /app/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password '111111' -S /data/master/mysql.sock

 

## 登錄測試

# mysql -uroot -p111111 -S /data/master/mysql.sock

 

 

5. 配置mysql啟停腳本

## 注意master1、master2都需要添加，并且需要添加到ha啟動目錄下

# vi /etc/ha.d/resource.d/mysqld

#!/bin/bash

port=3306

mysql_user="root"

mysql_pwd="111111"

cmdpath="/app/mysql/bin/"

mysql_sock="/data/master/mysql.sock"

 

#startup function

function_start_mysql()

{

   if [ ! -e ${mysql_sock} ];then

     printf "Starting MySQL...\n"

         /bin/sh ${cmdpath}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/master/my.cnf 2>&1 >/dev/null &

        else

          printf "MySQL is running...\n"

          exit

          fi

}

 

#stop function

function_stop_mysql()

{

    if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then

          printf "MySQL is stopped...\n"

          exit

         else

          printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"

#        echo " ${cmdpath}mysqladmin -u${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S /mysqldata/${port}/mysql${port}.sock shutd

own "

          ${cmdpath}mysqladmin -u${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S /data/master/mysql.sock shutdown

   fi 

}

 

#restart function

function_restart_mysql()

{

  printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"

  function_stop_mysql

  sleep 2

  function_start_mysql

}

 

case $1 in

start)

  function_start_mysql

  ;;

stop)

  function_stop_mysql

  ;;

restart)

  function_restart_mysql

  ;;

*)

  printf "Usage:/mysqldata/${port}/mysql {start|stop|restart}\n"

esac

 

 

 

## 測試啟停

# chmod a+x /etc/ha.d/resource.d/mysqld

 

# /etc/ha.d/resource.d/mysqld start

# netstat -nltpd |grep mysql

 

 

5. master2上啟動MySQL

## 先停master1上的mysql服務(wù)

# /etc/ha.d/resource.d/mysqld stop

 

## 停master1上的高可用，使得drbd磁盤掛載到master2上

[root@master1 ~]# /etc/init.d/heartbeat stop

Stopping High-Availability services: Done.

[root@master1 ~]# /etc/init.d/heartbeat start

Starting High-Availability services: INFO:  Resource is stopped

Done.

 

## master2上檢查

[root@master2 ~]# ip add|grep 192

    inet 192.168.12.56/24 brd 192.168.12.255 scope global eth0

inet 192.168.12.1/24 brd 192.168.12.255 scope global secondary eth0

 

[root@master2 ~]# cat /proc/drbd

version: 8.4.4 (api:1/proto:86-101)

GIT-hash: 74402fecf24da8e5438171ee8c19e28627e1c98a build by root@master2, 2016-10-29 23:25:51

 1: cs:Connected ro:Primary/Secondary ds:UpToDate/UpToDate C r-----

ns:20 nr:41760 dw:41780 dr:2096 al:1 bm:0 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:d oos:0

 

[root@master2 ~]# df -hT|grep drbd

/dev/drbd1                   ext4      18G  202M   17G   2% /data

 

 

## master2拷貝mysql啟停服務(wù)并修改

# scp /etc/ha.d/resource.d/mysqld master2:/etc/ha.d/resource.d/mysqld

 

## 啟停測試

[root@master2 ~]# /etc/ha.d/resource.d/mysqld start

Starting MySQL..                                           [  OK  ]

[root@master2 ~]# netstat -nltpd|grep mysql

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306     0.0.0.0:*     LISTEN   41571/mysqld

 

[root@master2 ~]# /etc/ha.d/resource.d/mysqld stop

Shutting down MySQL.                                       [  OK  ]

 

 

6. 配置haresource啟動MySQL

=======master1、master2都需要操作

## 先停高可用

# /etc/init.d/heartbeat stop

 

## 將mysqld服務(wù)移動到ha服務(wù)中

# chkconfig --list mysqld

service mysqld supports chkconfig, but is not referenced in any runlevel (run 'chkconfig --add mysqld')

# ll /etc/ha.d/resource.d/|grep mysql

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1152 Oct 30 11:35 mysqld

 

## 修改啟動參數(shù)

# vi /etc/ha.d/haresources

master1 IPaddr::192.168.12.1/24/eth0 drbddisk::data Filesystem::/dev/drbd1::/data::ext4 mysqld

 

## 啟動高可用

# /etc/init.d/heartbeat start

# tail -200f /var/log/ha-log

# tail -200f /var/log/ha-debug

 

 

 

## 檢查

[root@master1 ~]# ip add|grep 192

    inet 192.168.12.55/24 brd 192.168.12.255 scope global eth0

    inet 192.168.12.1/24 brd 192.168.12.255 scope global secondary eth0

[root@master1 ~]# cat /proc/drbd

version: 8.4.4 (api:1/proto:86-101)

GIT-hash: 74402fecf24da8e5438171ee8c19e28627e1c98a build by root@master1, 2018-03-16 11:44:26

 1: cs:Connected ro:Primary/Secondary ds:UpToDate/UpToDate C r-----

    ns:41952 nr:884 dw:42836 dr:9467 al:16 bm:0 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:d oos:0

[root@master1 ~]# df -hT|grep drbd

/dev/drbd1                  ext4      18G  202M   17G   2% /data

[root@master1 ~]# netstat -nltpd|grep mysqld

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306  0.0.0.0:*  LISTEN    54535/mysqld

 

 

## 測試切換

[root@master1 ~]# /etc/init.d/heartbeat stop

[root@master1 ~]# ip add|grep 192

    inet 192.168.12.55/24 brd 192.168.12.255 scope global eth0

[root@master1 ~]# cat /proc/drbd

version: 8.4.4 (api:1/proto:86-101)

GIT-hash: 74402fecf24da8e5438171ee8c19e28627e1c98a build by root@master1, 2018-03-16 11:44:26

 1: cs:Connected ro:Secondary/Primary ds:UpToDate/UpToDate C r-----

    ns:42100 nr:996 dw:43096 dr:9801 al:16 bm:0 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:d oos:0

[root@master1 ~]# df -hT|grep drbd

[root@master1 ~]# netstat -nltpd|grep mysql

 

[root@master2 ~]# ip add|grep 192

    inet 192.168.12.56/24 brd 192.168.12.255 scope global eth0

    inet 192.168.12.1/24 brd 192.168.12.255 scope global secondary eth0

[root@master2 ~]# cat /proc/drbd

version: 8.4.4 (api:1/proto:86-101)

GIT-hash: 74402fecf24da8e5438171ee8c19e28627e1c98a build by root@master2, 2016-10-29 23:25:51

 1: cs:Connected ro:Primary/Secondary ds:UpToDate/UpToDate C r-----

    ns:1044 nr:42100 dw:43144 dr:13859 al:6 bm:0 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:d oos:0

[root@master2 ~]# df -hT|grep drbd

/dev/drbd1                   ext4      18G  202M   17G   2% /data

[root@master2 ~]# netstat -nltpd|grep mysqld

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306      0.0.0.0:*       LISTEN   43020/mysqld

 

 

六、MySQL slave部署

1. 主庫準備

## 現(xiàn)在mysql的HA已經(jīng)配置好，當前節(jié)點在master1上

## 簡單配置優(yōu)化

[root@master1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p111111 -S /data/master/mysql.sock

mysql> drop database test;

mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;

mysql> delete from mysql.user where user='';

mysql> delete from mysql.user where host='master1';

mysql> delete from mysql.user where host='::1';

mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;

+------+-----------+

| user | host      |

+------+-----------+

| root | 127.0.0.1 |

| root | localhost |

+------+-----------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

 

mysql> flush privileges;

 

## 修改主庫參數(shù)

[root@master1 ~]# vi /data/master/my.cnf

[mysqld]

server-id       = 1

log-bin=/data/master/mysql-bin

 

## 重啟mysql

[root@master1 ~]# /etc/ha.d/resource.d/mysqld restart

 

[root@master1 ~]# netstat -nltpd |grep mysql

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306   0.0.0.0:*   LISTEN  43242/mysqld

 

[root@master1 ~]# ll /data/master/|grep mysql-bin

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  126 Mar 19 16:03 mysql-bin.000001

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  107 Mar 19 16:03 mysql-bin.000002

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql   60 Mar 19 16:03 mysql-bin.index

 

## 主庫創(chuàng)建同步帳號rep

# mysql -uroot -p111111 -S /data/master/mysql.sock

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'rep'@'192.168.12.%' identified by '123456';

mysql> flush privileges;

mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;

 

## 測試連接，從庫通過vip進行同步

# mysql -urep -p123456 -h292.168.12.1 -P3306

 

2. 從庫初始化

## 從庫安裝到master1的本地磁盤

[root@master1 ~]# mkdir -p /mysql/slave

[root@master1 ~]# cd /app/mysql/scripts/

# ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/app/mysql --datadir=/mysql/slave/data --user=mysql

 

 

3. 配置從庫my.cnf

# vi /mysql/slave/my.cnf

[mysqld]

socket = /mysql/slave/mysql.sock

port = 3307

pid-file = /mysql/slave/mysql.pid

datadir = /mysql/slave/data

basedir = /app/mysql

user = mysql

server-id=2

[client]

port = 3307

socket = /mysql/slave/mysql.sock

 

[mysql]

no-auto-rehash

 

# chown -R mysql. /mysql/slave

 

## 啟動mysql

# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/mysql/slave/my.cnf &

# netstat -nltpd |grep mysql

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3307  0.0.0.0:*    LISTEN   62750/mysqld       

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306  0.0.0.0:*    LISTEN   62462/mysqld

 

 

4. 從庫change master

## 從庫通過vip連接主庫

[root@master1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /mysql/slave/mysql.sock

mysql>  change master to

master_host='192.168.12.1',

master_port=3306,

master_user='rep',

master_password='123456';

 

mysql> start slave;

mysql> show slave status\G

 

 

## 測試主從同步

[root@master1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p111111 -S /data/master/mysql.sock

mysql> create database shaw_db;

mysql> create table shaw_db.t_user as select * from mysql.user;

Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.03 sec)

Records: 3  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

 

## 從庫查看數(shù)據(jù)

mysql> show databases like 'shaw%';

+------------------+

| Database (shaw%) |

+------------------+

| shaw_db          |

+------------------+

 

mysql> select count(*) from shaw_db.t_user;

+----------+

| count(*) |

+----------+

|        7 |

+----------+

## 這里注意，為什么這里主庫插入3條數(shù)據(jù)，而從庫插入7條數(shù)據(jù)，因為從庫初始化后直接change master同步的主庫數(shù)據(jù)，而mysql庫中user表里面的數(shù)據(jù)并沒有清理，因此查詢的數(shù)據(jù)會比主庫多

mysql> select user,host from shaw_db.t_user;

+------+--------------+

| user | host         |

+------+--------------+

| root | localhost    |

| root | master1      |

| root | 127.0.0.1    |

| root | ::1          |

|      | localhost    |

|      | master1      |

| rep  | 192.168.12.% |

+------+--------------+

7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

 

 

 

5. 主庫高可用切換，查看從庫狀態(tài)

## 目前主庫在master1上，切換ha到master2上

[root@master1 ~]# /etc/init.d/heartbeat stop

 

## 此時主庫已經(jīng)切換到master2上，查看當前從庫狀態(tài)

mysql> show slave status\G

*************************** 1. row ***************************

               Slave_IO_State: Reconnecting after a failed master event read

                  Master_Host: 192.168.12.1

                  Master_User: rep

                  Master_Port: 3306

                Connect_Retry: 60

              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002

          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 537

               Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay-bin.000003

                Relay_Log_Pos: 683

        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002

             Slave_IO_Running: Connecting

            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

              Replicate_Do_DB:

          Replicate_Ignore_DB:

           Replicate_Do_Table:

       Replicate_Ignore_Table:

      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

                   Last_Errno: 0

                   Last_Error:

                 Skip_Counter: 0

          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 537

              Relay_Log_Space: 985

              Until_Condition: None

               Until_Log_File:

                Until_Log_Pos: 0

           Master_SSL_Allowed: No

           Master_SSL_CA_File:

           Master_SSL_CA_Path:

              Master_SSL_Cert:

            Master_SSL_Cipher:

               Master_SSL_Key:

        Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

                Last_IO_Errno: 2003

                Last_IO_Error: error reconnecting to master 'rep@192.168.12.1:3306' - retry-time: 60  retries: 86400

               Last_SQL_Errno: 0

               Last_SQL_Error:

  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

             Master_Server_Id: 1

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

 

 

## 等待60s后，從庫自動和master2同步了

mysql> show slave status\G

*************************** 1. row ***************************

               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

                  Master_Host: 192.168.12.1

                  Master_User: rep

                  Master_Port: 3306

                Connect_Retry: 60

              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003

          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107

               Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay-bin.000005

                Relay_Log_Pos: 253

        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003

             Slave_IO_Running: Yes

            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

              Replicate_Do_DB:

          Replicate_Ignore_DB:

           Replicate_Do_Table:

       Replicate_Ignore_Table:

      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

                   Last_Errno: 0

                   Last_Error:

                 Skip_Counter: 0

          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 107

              Relay_Log_Space: 555

              Until_Condition: None

               Until_Log_File:

                Until_Log_Pos: 0

           Master_SSL_Allowed: No

           Master_SSL_CA_File:

           Master_SSL_CA_Path:

              Master_SSL_Cert:

            Master_SSL_Cipher:

               Master_SSL_Key:

        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

                Last_IO_Errno: 0

                Last_IO_Error:

               Last_SQL_Errno: 0

               Last_SQL_Error:

  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

             Master_Server_Id: 1

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

 

 

 

## 此時在master2上創(chuàng)建一些表 看是否能同步到從庫上

[root@master2 ~]# mysql -uroot -p111111 -S /data/master/mysql.sock

mysql> use shaw_db;

mysql> create table t_zhong (id int,name varchar(20));

mysql> insert into t_zhong values(1,'test'),(2,'test2'),(3,'test3');

 

## 從庫查看數(shù)據(jù)

mysql> select * from shaw_db.t_zhong;

+------+-------+

| id   | name  |

+------+-------+

|    1 | test  |

|    2 | test2 |

|    3 | test3 |

+------+-------+

 

 

七、高可用腦裂問題及解決方案

7.1 導致裂腦發(fā)生的原因

1、高可用服務(wù)器之間心跳鏈路故障，導致無法相互檢查心跳

2、高可用服務(wù)器上開啟了防火墻，阻擋了心跳檢測

3、高可用服務(wù)器上網(wǎng)卡地址等信息配置不正常，導致發(fā)送心跳失敗

4、其他服務(wù)配置不當?shù)仍颍缧奶绞讲煌奶鴱V播沖突，軟件BUG等

 

7.2 防止裂腦一些方案

1、加冗余線路

2、檢測到裂腦時，強行關(guān)閉心跳檢測(遠程關(guān)閉主節(jié)點，控制電源的電路fence)

3、做好腦裂的監(jiān)控報警

4、報警后，備節(jié)點在接管時設(shè)置比較長的時間去接管，給運維人員足夠的時間去處理(人為處理)

5、啟動磁盤鎖，正在服務(wù)的一方鎖住磁盤，裂腦發(fā)生時，讓對方完全搶不走"共享磁盤資源"

磁盤鎖存在的問題：

使用鎖磁盤會有死鎖的問題，如果占用共享磁盤的一方不主動"解鎖"另一方就永遠得不到共享磁盤，假如服務(wù)器節(jié)點突然死機或崩潰，就不可能執(zhí)行解鎖命令，備節(jié)點也就無法接管資源和服務(wù)了，有人在HA中設(shè)計了智能鎖，正在提供服務(wù)的一方只在發(fā)現(xiàn)心跳全部斷開時才會啟用磁盤鎖，平時就不上鎖

 

 

 

 

 

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