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這篇文章主要介紹Spring Web MVC和Hibernate集成配置的示例分析,文中介紹的非常詳細(xì),具有一定的參考價(jià)值,感興趣的小伙伴們一定要看完!
添加項(xiàng)目依賴
首先我們需要一個(gè)Java Web項(xiàng)目,最好使用Maven或Gradle構(gòu)建工具,方便我們解決軟件依賴。我在這里使用Gradle構(gòu)建工具,構(gòu)建腳本如下。我們只要引入spring-webmvc和spring-orm這兩個(gè)包,其他的Spring依賴會(huì)自動(dòng)由構(gòu)建工具解決。然后還需要引入數(shù)據(jù)源、Hibernate、JSTL等依賴項(xiàng)。腳本的最后定義了一個(gè)任務(wù)用于生成對(duì)應(yīng)的pom文件方便Maven工具使用。
group 'yitian.learn' version '1.0-SNAPSHOT' apply plugin: 'java' apply plugin: 'war' apply plugin: 'maven' apply from: 'https://raw.github.com/akhikhl/gretty/master/pluginScripts/gretty.plugin' sourceCompatibility = 1.8 repositories { maven { url "http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/" } jcenter() } ext { springVersion = '4.3.6.RELEASE' aspectjVerison = '1.8.10' } dependencies { testCompile group: 'junit', name: 'junit', version: '4.12' compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-webmvc', version: springVersion compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-orm', version: springVersion compile group: 'org.glassfish.web', name: 'jstl-impl', version: '1.2' compile group: 'org.projectlombok', name: 'lombok', version: '1.16.12' compile group: 'org.hibernate', name: 'hibernate-core', version: '5.2.6.Final' compile group: 'mysql', name: 'mysql-connector-java', version: '5.1.40' compile group: 'org.apache.commons', name: 'commons-dbcp2', version: '2.1.1' compile group: 'org.aspectj', name: 'aspectjweaver', version: aspectjVerison } task writeNewPom { doLast { pom { }.writeTo("$projectDir/pom.xml") } }
配置web.xml
然后打開WEB-INF/web.xml文件,添加以下內(nèi)容。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" version="3.1"> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <servlet> <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> <async-supported>true</async-supported> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> </web-app>
配置Spring
相對(duì)應(yīng)的應(yīng)該有兩個(gè)Spring配置文件/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml和/WEB-INF/dispatcher-servlet.xml。前者是根配置文件,用于配置數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)等后端、全局的組件,后者是MVC配置文件,用于配置MVC和Web相關(guān)的組件。
然后在/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml中,我們配置Hibernate和Spring集成的組件。我們需要配置數(shù)據(jù)源、HibernateSessionFactory、Hibernate事務(wù)管理器、事務(wù)連接點(diǎn)、Hibernate模板等Bean,然后在操作數(shù)據(jù)的時(shí)候使用Hibernate模板,就能獲得Spring控制的事務(wù)管理功能了。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <context:annotation-config/> <!--數(shù)據(jù)源--> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"/> <property name="username" value="root"/> <property name="password" value="12345678"/> </bean> <!--hibernate--> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">create</prop> </props> </property> <property name="packagesToScan" value="yitian.learn.entity"/> </bean> <!--設(shè)置hibernate模板--> <bean id="hibernateTemplate" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTemplate"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/> </bean> <!--設(shè)置hibernate事務(wù)管理器--> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/> </bean> <!--數(shù)據(jù)訪問對(duì)象--> <bean id="userDao" class="yitian.learn.dao.HibernateUserDao"/> <!--設(shè)置事務(wù)管理--> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"/> <tx:method name="*"/> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <!--使用AOP設(shè)置事務(wù)管理--> <aop:config> <aop:pointcut id="userDaoPointcut" expression="execution(* yitian.learn.dao.*.*(..))"/> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="userDaoPointcut"/> </aop:config> </beans>
然后來配置一下Spring Web MVC的組件。在dispatcher-servlet.xml中添加以下配置。這里添加了JSP視圖解析器和類型轉(zhuǎn)換器,如果不需要自定義類型轉(zhuǎn)換可以將對(duì)應(yīng)片段刪掉。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <mvc:view-resolvers> <mvc:jsp prefix="/WEB-INF/jsp/" suffix=".jsp" view-class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/> </mvc:view-resolvers> <mvc:default-servlet-handler/> <mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService"/> <context:component-scan base-package="yitian.learn"/> <bean id="conversionService" class="org.springframework.context.support.ConversionServiceFactoryBean"> <property name="converters"> <set> <bean class="yitian.learn.utils.String2LocalDateConverter"/> </set> </property> </bean> </beans>
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