python實(shí)現(xiàn)12306搶票及自動郵件發(fā)送提醒付款功能

# coding=utf-8
# author: Jason
# time:2018/1/16 20:00:00
#version:1.0
import urllib.request as ul
import urllib.parse as uz
import http.cookiejar as cookielib
from json import loads
c=cookielib.LWPCookieJar()#先把cookie對象存儲為cookiejar的對象
cookie = ul.HTTPCookieProcessor(c)#把cookiejar對象轉(zhuǎn)換為一個handle
opener = ul.build_opener(cookie)#建立一個模擬瀏覽器，需要handle作為參數(shù)
ul.install_opener(opener)#安裝一個全局模擬瀏覽器，代表無論怎么訪問都是一個瀏覽器操作而不是分開獲取驗(yàn)證碼等msg

headers={'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36'}#先寫個頭，表示我這是瀏覽器用戶登錄而不是代碼登錄，如果不寫，代碼默認(rèn)用的簽名之類的是編程語言的標(biāo)識，這樣對方服務(wù)器很容易就發(fā)現(xiàn)你是個腳本了

def get_code():#獲取驗(yàn)證碼的步驟
  req = ul.Request('https://kyfw.12306.cn/passport/captcha/captcha-image?login_site=E&module=login&rand=sjrand&0.6758635422370105')
  req.headers = headers
  code_file = opener.open(req).read()#此時為瀏覽器的open而不再是ul.urlopen,下同
  with open(r'C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\12306自動搶票\code.png','wb')as f:
    f.write(code_file)

def main_():
  get_code()
  code = input('輸入驗(yàn)證碼：')
  req = ul.Request('https://kyfw.12306.cn/passport/captcha/captcha-check')
  req.headers = headers

  data = {
    'answer':code,
    'login_site':'E',
    'rand':'sjrand'
  }
  data = uz.urlencode(data).encode()#把字典轉(zhuǎn)換為URL query string,此時是str，要把它變?yōu)閎yts。

  html = opener.open(req,data= data).read().decode()#讀取出來是byts格式，轉(zhuǎn)換為‘utf-8（默認(rèn)）
  print(html)
  result = loads(html)
  if result['result_code']=='4':
    print('驗(yàn)證碼通過')
    rep = ul.Request('https://kyfw.12306.cn/passport/web/login')
    rep.headers = headers
    data = {'username':'這里就是你用戶名',
        'password':'這里就是你的密碼',
        'appid':'otn'
    }
    data = uz.urlencode(data).encode() #看到了嗎，這就是你給服務(wù)器回復(fù)的東西

    html1 = opener.open(rep,data = data ).read().decode()
    result1 = loads(html1)
    if result1['result_code'] == 0:
      print('賬戶密碼驗(yàn)證通過')
    else:
      print(result1['result_message'])

  else:
    print('驗(yàn)證碼校驗(yàn)失敗，重來')


if __name__ == '__main__':
  main_()

url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/queryZ?leftTicketDTO.train_date=%s&leftTicketDTO.from_station=%s&leftTicketDTO.to_station=%s&purpose_codes=ADULT'%(train_data,from_station,to_station)

req = ul.Request('https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/submitOrderRequest')#確定訂單信息
req = ul.Request("https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/initDc")#驗(yàn)證訂單
req = ul.Request('https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/getPassengerDTOs')#準(zhǔn)備跨到下單中的過度
req = ul.Request('https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/checkOrderInfo')#檢查訂單信息
req = ul.Request('https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/getQueueCount')#信息提交給服務(wù)器，準(zhǔn)備進(jìn)入下單步驟
req = ul.Request('https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/confirmSingleForQueue')#正式進(jìn)入下單步驟
req = ul.Request('https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/queryOrderWaitTime?random=%s&tourFlag=dc&_json_att=&REPEAT_SUBMIT_TOKEN=%s'%(numb,time.time()))#下單確認(rèn)中，此時這個網(wǎng)址一般是進(jìn)行兩次訪問，不知為何，我還是做了兩次訪問，numb是前面查詢車票點(diǎn)擊預(yù)定回復(fù)我們的信息中的一條，有點(diǎn)難找喔，我曾經(jīng)找了三天。。。當(dāng)然是因?yàn)樽约翰蛔屑?xì)而已
zreq = ul.Request("https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/resultOrderForDcQueue")#最后的結(jié)果回執(zhí)，如果一切都順利，那么票就已經(jīng)訂了。我一般是打印他返回的內(nèi)容
'''
      zreq = ul.Request("https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/resultOrderForDcQueue")
      zreq.headers = headers
      data ={"REPEAT_SUBMIT_TOKEN":"%s"%numb,
          "_json_att": "",
          "orderSequence_no":orderId
          }
      data = uz.urlencode(data).encode()
      html = opener.open(zreq,data=data).read().decode()
      result = loads(html)
      print('代碼全部過完，回去登錄下是否搞定')
      print(result)
      print(result['data']['submitStatus'])
      if result['data']['submitStatus'] == True:
        print('購票成功')
        return True
      else:
        print('購票失敗，重試其他列車')
        continue
'''
最終的回執(zhí)代碼詳細(xì) 信息，讀者可以自己嘗試多次，得到自己的回復(fù)代碼確認(rèn)是否購票成功，因?yàn)閞esult['data']['submitStatus']==True只不過是確認(rèn)訂單狀態(tài)而已，這個被我改動過，你可以多次嘗試

def email():#這是我訂票后給自己發(fā)郵件的函數(shù)
  import smtplib
  from email.mime.text import MIMEText
  import time
  text = '已經(jīng)為%s搶到票，速度登錄12306付款，用戶名：%s，密碼：%s'%(NAME,username,password)
  msg = MIMEText(text, 'plain', 'utf-8')
  msg_From = '2059****16@qq.com'
  msg_To = '5043****75@qq.com'#是的，我有兩個qq，一個發(fā)一個收
  smtpSever = 'smtp.qq.com' # qq郵箱的smtp Sever地址
  smtpPort = '465' # 開放的端口
  sqm = 'q********eghe' # 在登錄smtp時需要login中的密碼應(yīng)當(dāng)使用授權(quán)碼而非賬戶密碼
  msg['from'] = msg_From
  msg['to'] = msg_To
  msg['subject'] = 'Python自動郵件-%s' % time.ctime()
  smtp = smtplib
  smtp = smtplib.SMTP_SSL()
  '''
  smtplib的connect（連接到郵件服務(wù)器）、login（登陸驗(yàn)證）、sendmail（發(fā)送郵件）
  '''
  smtp.connect(smtpSever, smtpPort)
  smtp.login(msg_From, sqm)
  smtp.sendmail(msg_From, msg_To, str(msg))
  # s = smtplib.SMTP("localhost")
  # s.send_message(msg)
  smtp.quit()
  print('郵件已發(fā)送~你可以安心去玩了')
def emailforcode():#此函數(shù)是防止查詢有票但12306賬號掉線人不在無法訂票的提醒
  import smtplib
  from email.mime.text import MIMEText
  import time
  text = '%s賬號下線，速度登錄驗(yàn)證12306' % NAME
  msg = MIMEText(text, 'plain', 'utf-8')
  msg_From = '205****516@qq.com'
  msg_To = '50****75@qq.com'
  smtpSever = 'smtp.qq.com' # qq郵箱的smtp Sever地址
  smtpPort = '465' # 開放的端口
  sqm = 'qowa*******ghe' # 在登錄smtp時需要login中的密碼應(yīng)當(dāng)使用授權(quán)碼而非賬戶密碼
  msg['from'] = msg_From
  msg['to'] = msg_To
  msg['subject'] = 'Python自動郵件-%s' % time.ctime()
  smtp = smtplib
  smtp = smtplib.SMTP_SSL()
  '''
  smtplib的connect（連接到郵件服務(wù)器）、login（登陸驗(yàn)證）、sendmail（發(fā)送郵件）
  '''
  smtp.connect(smtpSever, smtpPort)
  smtp.login(msg_From, sqm)
  smtp.sendmail(msg_From, msg_To, str(msg))
  # s = smtplib.SMTP("localhost")
  # s.send_message(msg)
  smtp.quit()
  print('郵件已發(fā)送~')