您好,登錄后才能下訂單哦!
如果管理網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備很多,不可能靠人力每天去登錄設(shè)備去查看是否在線。所以,可以利用python腳本通過每天掃描網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的在線設(shè)備。可以部署在服務(wù)器上做成定時任務(wù),每天發(fā)送AAA巡檢報告。
下面是我寫的一個python練手小程序。用來掃描一個網(wǎng)段中的在線主機,并嘗試AAA去登錄。統(tǒng)計一個大網(wǎng)段內(nèi)可以成功aaa登錄的主機。
注意:
該程序只是測試小程序,還有些小bug需要解決。不是通用的程序。主要提供一個大致思路。
主要用到了python-nmap, paramiko庫。
程序大概思路:
代碼示例:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import nmap import datetime import paramiko import re def get_name(host, user, password, port=22): client = paramiko.SSHClient() client.load_system_host_keys() client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) #client.connect(host, port, user, password, allow_agent=False, look_for_keys=False, timeout=5) try: client.connect(ip, port, user, password, allow_agent=False, look_for_keys=False, timeout=3) except Exception as err: return 0, str(err) #get shell ssh_shell = client.invoke_shell() dev_name = '' while True: line = ssh_shell.recv(1024) if line.endswith(b'>'):#華為 華三 dev_name = re.findall(r'<(.*)>', str(line))[0] #dev_name = str(line)[3:-2] break if line.endswith(b'# ') | line.endswith(b'#'): #思科 dev_name = re.findall(r'[\\r\\n|\\r]+(.*)#', str(line))[0] break if line.endswith(b'> '): if 'ConnetOS' in str(line):#分流器 dev_name =re.findall(r'[\\r\\n|\\r]+(.*)>', str(line))[0].strip() if '@' in str(line): #junpier防火墻 dev_name =re.findall(r'@(.*)>', str(line))[0].strip() break #怎么跳出recv阻塞 ssh_shell.close() return 1, dev_name #print('掃描時間:'+res['nmap']['scanstats']['timestr']+'\n命令參數(shù):'+res['nmap']['command_line']) def get_ip_list(hosts): nm = nmap.PortScanner() #nmap填入?yún)?shù)列表可以填很多 res = nm.scan(hosts=hosts, arguments='-sn -PE') #count = res['nmap']['scanstats']['uphosts'] #存活的主機數(shù) return list(res['scan'].keys()) #存活主機IP地址 if __name__ == '__main__': start = datetime.datetime.now() user = 'user' password = 'password' hosts = '10.0.0.0/24' dev = {} #存放AAA登錄成功的主機 f = open('ip_list.txt', 'w') #存放能ping通的IP ip_list = get_ip_list(hosts) end = datetime.datetime.now() #f.write("存活的IP地址有:" + str(len(ip_list)) + "\n") #f.write("程序運行時間:" + str(end-start) + '\n') for ip in ip_list: f.write(ip + '\n') f.close() #print(ip_list) login_failed_count = 0 f1 = open('login_succeed.txt', 'w', encoding='utf-8') f2 = open('login_failed.txt', 'w', encoding='utf-8') f3 = open('mtil_add.txt', 'w', encoding='utf-8') #ip_list = ip_list.split('\n') for ip in ip_list: ok, dev_name = get_name(ip, user, password) if ok == 1: if dev_name not in dev.keys(): vendor = '' print(dev_name + "\t\t" + ip) if 'h' in dev_name[-12:]: vendor = 'h4c' elif 'c' in dev_name[-12:]: vendor = 'cisco' elif 'w' in dev_name[-12:]: vendor = 'huawei' else: vendor = 'unknow' f1.write(dev_name + '\t\t' + ip + '\t' + vendor + '\n') f1.flush() dev.update({dev_name : ip}) else: f3.write(dev_name + '\t\t' + str(dev[dev_name]) + ' ' + ip +'\n') print(dev_name + '\t\t' + str(dev[dev_name]) + ' ' + ip +'\n') dev.update({dev_name: [dev[dev_name] , ip]}) f3.flush() else: login_failed_count += 1 print(dev_name) f2.write(dev_name + '\t\t' + ip + '\n') f2.flush() end = datetime.datetime.now() f1.write('AAA登錄成功' + str(len(dev)) +'臺\n' ) f1.write('AAA登錄失敗' + str(login_failed_count) +'臺\n' ) f1.write("程序運行時間:" + str(end-start) +'\n') f1.close() f2.close() f3.close() print("程序運行時間:" + str(end-start) +'\n') print("存活的IP地址有:" + str(len(ip_list)) + "\n") print("AAA登錄成功:" + str(len(dev)) + "\n") print('AAA登錄失敗' + str(login_failed_count) +'臺\n')
這個小程序例子,只是一個大概思路。
可以添加或則改善的思路:
nmap庫使用:
nmap工具使用可參考:nmap掃描工具學(xué)習(xí)筆記)
如果在windows上寫nmap庫,有兩個事要解決。
第一步:安裝nmap軟件
因為在python程序中,nmap包所調(diào)用的是nmap可執(zhí)行程序,所以必須先安裝nmap軟件。nmap下載地址: https://nmap.org/download.html
第二步: 需要在nmap庫中文件的init方法中添加的nmap.exe的路徑。
不然會報錯,提示找不到nmap。
在nmap.py的class PortScanner()中的__init__()中更改:
def __init__(self, nmap_search_path=('nmap', '/usr/bin/nmap', '/usr/local/bin/nmap', '/sw/bin/nmap', '/opt/local/bin/nmap',r"D:\software\nmap-7.80\nmap.exe")):
主要添加了‘r”D:\software\nmap-7.80\nmap.exe”, nmap.exe可執(zhí)行文件路徑。
import nmap nm = nmap.PortScanner() #nmap填入?yún)?shù)列表可以填很多 res = nm.scan(hosts=hosts, arguments='-sn -PE')
其他使用示例:
#!/usr/bin/env python import nmap # import nmap.py module nm = nmap.PortScanner() # instantiate nmap.PortScanner object nm.scan('127.0.0.1', '22-443') # scan host 127.0.0.1, ports from 22 to 443 nm.command_line() # get command line used for the scan : nmap -oX - -p 22-443 127.0.0.1 nm.scaninfo() # get nmap scan informations {'tcp': {'services': '22-443', 'method': 'connect'}} nm.all_hosts() # get all hosts that were scanned nm['127.0.0.1'].hostname() # get one hostname for host 127.0.0.1, usualy the user record nm['127.0.0.1'].hostnames() # get list of hostnames for host 127.0.0.1 as a list of dict # [{'name':'hostname1', 'type':'PTR'}, {'name':'hostname2', 'type':'user'}] nm['127.0.0.1'].hostname() # get hostname for host 127.0.0.1 nm['127.0.0.1'].state() # get state of host 127.0.0.1 (up|down|unknown|skipped) nm['127.0.0.1'].all_protocols() # get all scanned protocols ['tcp', 'udp'] in (ip|tcp|udp|sctp) nm['127.0.0.1']['tcp'].keys() # get all ports for tcp protocol nm['127.0.0.1'].all_tcp() # get all ports for tcp protocol (sorted version) nm['127.0.0.1'].all_udp() # get all ports for udp protocol (sorted version) nm['127.0.0.1'].all_ip() # get all ports for ip protocol (sorted version) nm['127.0.0.1'].all_sctp() # get all ports for sctp protocol (sorted version) nm['127.0.0.1'].has_tcp(22) # is there any information for port 22/tcp on host 127.0.0.1 nm['127.0.0.1']['tcp'][22] # get infos about port 22 in tcp on host 127.0.0.1 nm['127.0.0.1'].tcp(22) # get infos about port 22 in tcp on host 127.0.0.1 nm['127.0.0.1']['tcp'][22]['state'] # get state of port 22/tcp on host 127.0.0.1 (open
參考文檔:
https://pypi.org/project/python-nmap/
總結(jié)
以上所述是小編給大家介紹的python通過nmap掃描在線設(shè)備并嘗試AAA登錄,希望對大家有所幫助,如果大家有任何疑問請給我留言,小編會及時回復(fù)大家的。在此也非常感謝大家對億速云網(wǎng)站的支持!
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