springboot使用RabbitMQ教程

1、安裝rabbitmq
docker安裝，拉取鏡像
docker pull rabbitmq:management
創(chuàng)建容器并啟動(dòng)
docker run -d --name rabbitmq --publish 5671:5671 --publish 5672:5672 --publish 4369:4369 --publish 25672:25672 --publish 15671:15671 --publish 15672:15672 rabbitmq:management
管理地址：
http://localhost:15672/ 用戶名：guest 密碼：guest

2、配置springboot
（1）pom.xml添加依賴
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

（2）添加rabbit配置文件，配置server信息
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
/**

• @Author 馮戰(zhàn)魁
• @Date 2018/1/12 下午2:50*/
  @Configuration
  br/>*/
  @Configuration
  br/>@Bean
  CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new CachingConnectionFactory();
  connectionFactory.setAddresses("127.0.0.1:5672");
  connectionFactory.setUsername("guest");
  connectionFactory.setPassword("guest");
  connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
  connectionFactory.setPublisherConfirms(true); //必須要設(shè)置
  return connectionFactory;}
  @Bean
  br/>}
  @Bean
  return new Queue("hello");
  }
  }

（3）創(chuàng)建生產(chǎn)者，循環(huán)下發(fā)四個(gè)任務(wù)，用sleep模擬任務(wù)處理時(shí)間，一個(gè).代碼任務(wù)處理1s的時(shí)長，分別有四個(gè)不同時(shí)長的任務(wù)下發(fā)
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**

• @Author 馮戰(zhàn)魁
• @Date 2018/1/12 上午11:21*/
  @RestController
  br/>*/
  @RestController
  br/>@Autowired
  br/>@RequestMapping("/sender")
  String[] tasks = {"1.","2..","3...","4...."};
  for (int i=0;i<tasks.length;i++){
  String content = tasks[i];
  System.out.println("Sender : " + content);
  this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("hello",content);
  }
  }
  }

（4）創(chuàng)建兩個(gè)消費(fèi)者Receiver1，Receiver2處理隊(duì)列的任務(wù)

Receiver1：
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**

• @Author 馮戰(zhàn)魁
• @Date 2018/1/12 下午3:06*/
  @Component
  br/>*/
  @Component
  public class RabbitReceiver1 {@RabbitHandler
  br/>@RabbitHandler
  System.out.println("Receiver1 : " + content);
  try {
  dowork(content);
  } catch (InterruptedException e) {
  e.printStackTrace();
  }
  }
  public void dowork(String content) throws InterruptedException{
  for (char ch: content.toCharArray()) {
  if (ch == '.'){
  Thread.sleep(1000);
  }
  }
  }
  }

Receiver2：
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**

• @Author 馮戰(zhàn)魁
• @Date 2018/1/12 下午3:06*/
  @Component
  br/>*/
  @Component
  public class RabbitReceiver2 {@RabbitHandler
  br/>@RabbitHandler
  System.out.println("Receiver2 : " + content);
  try {
  dowork(content);
  } catch (InterruptedException e) {
  e.printStackTrace();
  }
  }
  public void dowork(String content) throws InterruptedException{
  for (char ch: content.toCharArray()) {
  if (ch == '.'){
  Thread.sleep(1000);
  }
  }
  }
  }
  （5）驗(yàn)證代碼
  啟動(dòng)springboot，執(zhí)行生產(chǎn)者的接口
  http://localhost:8080/sender
  然后查看終端輸出的信息，如圖所示

可以看到最先完成的消費(fèi)者去執(zhí)行下一個(gè)任務(wù)，是按任務(wù)時(shí)長執(zhí)行，并不是按任務(wù)個(gè)數(shù)平分，防止消費(fèi)者無意義的等待，提高效率。

查看rabbit的管理端http://localhost:15672/
可以看到已經(jīng)生成隊(duì)列

至此整個(gè)任務(wù)完成！