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Spring Boot與Angular集成開發(fā)是一種現(xiàn)代化的全棧開發(fā)方式,它將Java Spring Boot后端與前端JavaScript框架Angular結(jié)合起來,以實現(xiàn)高效、快速的開發(fā)。以下是集成開發(fā)的步驟和一些關(guān)鍵要點:
創(chuàng)建Spring Boot項目:
項目結(jié)構(gòu):
my-spring-boot-app/
├── src/
│ ├── main/
│ │ ├── java/com/example/demo/
│ │ │ └── DemoApplication.java
│ │ ├── resources/
│ │ │ ├── application.properties
│ │ │ └── static/
│ │ └── templates/
│ └── test/
└── pom.xml
配置文件:
application.properties
文件,配置數(shù)據(jù)庫連接、端口號等。創(chuàng)建Angular項目:
ng new my-angular-app
項目結(jié)構(gòu):
my-angular-app/
├── src/
│ ├── app/
│ │ ├── app.component.ts
│ │ ├── app.module.ts
│ │ └── ...
│ ├── assets/
│ ├── environments/
│ ├── favicon.ico
│ ├── index.html
│ ├── main.ts
│ ├── polyfills.ts
│ ├── test/
│ └── tsconfig.json
├── angular.json
├── package.json
└── tslint.json
配置文件:
angular.json
文件,配置構(gòu)建和開發(fā)服務(wù)器。創(chuàng)建Controller:
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;
@GetMapping("/users")
public List<User> getAllUsers() {
return userRepository.findAll();
}
@PostMapping("/users")
public User createUser(@RequestBody User user) {
return userRepository.save(user);
}
}
創(chuàng)建Repository:
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {
}
創(chuàng)建服務(wù):
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import { HttpClient } from '@angular/common/http';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs';
@Injectable({
providedIn: 'root'
})
export class UserService {
private apiUrl = 'http://localhost:8080/api';
constructor(private http: HttpClient) { }
getAllUsers(): Observable<User[]> {
return this.http.get(`${this.apiUrl}/users`);
}
createUser(user: User): Observable<User> {
return this.http.post(`${this.apiUrl}/users`, user);
}
}
創(chuàng)建組件:
import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { UserService } from '../user.service';
import { User } from '../user';
@Component({
selector: 'app-users',
templateUrl: './users.component.html',
styleUrls: ['./users.component.css']
})
export class UsersComponent implements OnInit {
users: User[] = [];
newUser: User = { name: '', email: '' };
constructor(private userService: UserService) { }
ngOnInit(): void {
this.userService.getAllUsers().subscribe(data => {
this.users = data;
});
}
onSubmit() {
this.userService.createUser(this.newUser).subscribe(data => {
this.users.push(data);
this.newUser = { name: '', email: '' };
});
}
}
./mvnw spring-boot:run
啟動Angular開發(fā)服務(wù)器:
ng serve
訪問應(yīng)用:
http://localhost:4200
,查看集成后的應(yīng)用。通過以上步驟,你已經(jīng)成功地將Spring Boot后端與Angular前端集成在一起。這種集成方式使得前后端開發(fā)更加高效,代碼結(jié)構(gòu)更加清晰,便于維護(hù)和擴(kuò)展。
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