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在C#中,避免產(chǎn)生僵尸進(jìn)程(Zombie Process)的方法主要包括以下幾點(diǎn):
Process
類的Exited
事件來監(jiān)控子進(jìn)程的退出。當(dāng)子進(jìn)程退出時,可以在事件處理函數(shù)中調(diào)用WaitForExit()
方法確保子進(jìn)程被正確清理。var process = new Process();
process.StartInfo.FileName = "your_executable";
process.EnableRaisingEvents = true;
process.Exited += (sender, args) =>
{
process.WaitForExit();
Console.WriteLine("子進(jìn)程已退出");
};
process.Start();
WaitForExit()
方法等待子進(jìn)程退出。這樣可以確保子進(jìn)程在父進(jìn)程中被正確清理。var process = new Process();
process.StartInfo.FileName = "your_executable";
process.Start();
process.WaitForExit();
Task
或Parallel
類庫來并行執(zhí)行子進(jìn)程。這樣可以更好地管理子進(jìn)程的生命周期。var tasks = new List<Task>();
foreach (var executable in executables)
{
tasks.Add(Task.Run(() =>
{
var process = new Process();
process.StartInfo.FileName = executable;
process.Start();
process.WaitForExit();
}));
}
Task.WaitAll(tasks.ToArray());
JobObject
來管理子進(jìn)程。JobObject
可以確保所有子進(jìn)程都被正確清理,避免僵尸進(jìn)程的產(chǎn)生。using Microsoft.Win32.SafeHandles;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
static extern IntPtr CreateJobObject(IntPtr lpJobAttributes, string lpName);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
static extern bool SetInformationJobObject(IntPtr hJob, JobObjectInfoType infoType, IntPtr lpJobObjectInfo, uint cbJobObjectInfoLength);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
static extern bool AssignProcessToJobObject(IntPtr job, IntPtr process);
public enum JobObjectInfoType
{
AssociateCompletionPortInformation = 7,
BasicLimitInformation = 2,
BasicUIRestrictions = 4,
EndOfJobTimeInformation = 6,
ExtendedLimitInformation = 9,
SecurityLimitInformation = 5,
GroupInformation = 11
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
struct JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION
{
public JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION BasicLimitInformation;
public IO_COUNTERS IoInfo;
public UIntPtr ProcessMemoryLimit;
public UIntPtr JobMemoryLimit;
public UIntPtr PeakProcessMemoryUsed;
public UIntPtr PeakJobMemoryUsed;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
struct JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION
{
public long PerProcessUserTimeLimit;
public long PerJobUserTimeLimit;
public uint LimitFlags;
public UIntPtr MinimumWorkingSetSize;
public UIntPtr MaximumWorkingSetSize;
public uint ActiveProcessLimit;
public UIntPtr Affinity;
public uint PriorityClass;
public uint SchedulingClass;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
struct IO_COUNTERS
{
public ulong ReadOperationCount;
public ulong WriteOperationCount;
public ulong OtherOperationCount;
public ulong ReadTransferCount;
public ulong WriteTransferCount;
public ulong OtherTransferCount;
}
public static void CreateJobObjectForProcess(Process process)
{
var job = CreateJobObject(IntPtr.Zero, null);
var extendedInfo = new JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION
{
BasicLimitInformation = new JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION
{
LimitFlags = 0x2000 // JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_KILL_ON_JOB_CLOSE
}
};
int length = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION));
IntPtr extendedInfoPtr = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(length);
Marshal.StructureToPtr(extendedInfo, extendedInfoPtr, false);
if (!SetInformationJobObject(job, JobObjectInfoType.ExtendedLimitInformation, extendedInfoPtr, (uint)length))
{
throw new Exception("Could not set information job object.");
}
if (!AssignProcessToJobObject(job, process.Handle))
{
throw new Exception("Could not assign process to job object.");
}
}
通過以上方法,你可以在C#中有效地避免產(chǎn)生僵尸進(jìn)程。
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