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多態(tài)是面向?qū)ο缶幊讨幸粋€(gè)重要的概念,它允許不同的對(duì)象以統(tǒng)一的方式進(jìn)行訪問(wèn)。在PHP中,多態(tài)性可以通過(guò)接口和繼承來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。
interface Shape {
public function calculateArea();
}
class Circle implements Shape {
private $radius;
public function __construct($radius) {
$this->radius = $radius;
}
public function calculateArea() {
return pi() * $this->radius * $this->radius;
}
}
class Rectangle implements Shape {
private $width;
private $height;
public function __construct($width, $height) {
$this->width = $width;
$this->height = $height;
}
public function calculateArea() {
return $this->width * $this->height;
}
}
$circle = new Circle(5);
$rectangle = new Rectangle(3, 4);
echo $circle->calculateArea(); // 輸出78.54
echo $rectangle->calculateArea(); // 輸出12
class Animal {
public function makeSound() {
return 'Animal sound';
}
}
class Dog extends Animal {
public function makeSound() {
return 'Woof';
}
}
class Cat extends Animal {
public function makeSound() {
return 'Meow';
}
}
$animal = new Animal();
$dog = new Dog();
$cat = new Cat();
echo $animal->makeSound(); // 輸出Animal sound
echo $dog->makeSound(); // 輸出Woof
echo $cat->makeSound(); // 輸出Meow
通過(guò)接口和繼承,PHP實(shí)現(xiàn)了多態(tài)性的概念,使得不同的對(duì)象可以以統(tǒng)一的方式進(jìn)行訪問(wèn),從而提高了代碼的靈活性和可維護(hù)性。深入理解多態(tài)性有助于編寫(xiě)更加模塊化和可重用的代碼。
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