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Centos6.2文本模式安裝與圖形化模式安裝比較

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2020-06-20 22:18:04 來(lái)源：網(wǎng)絡(luò) 閱讀：1938 作者：陸上行舟 欄目：移動(dòng)開發(fā)

     上一篇文章《Centos 6.2文本模式安裝》寫了文本模式安裝centos6.2，發(fā)現(xiàn)文本模式安裝不能自定義分區(qū)以及定制安裝centos6.2，此文將對(duì)比一下文本模式安裝和圖形化幾種安裝的區(qū)別；（圖形化模式安裝過(guò)程可參考系統(tǒng)運(yùn)維網(wǎng)站《CentOS 6.2最小化Minimal安裝圖解教程》一文，選擇安裝過(guò)程部分截圖）。

一、安裝環(huán)境：同《Centos 6.2文本模式安裝》一文中的安裝環(huán)境（同一虛擬機(jī)）

二、系統(tǒng)鏡像：CentOS-6.2-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

三、系統(tǒng)安裝過(guò)程：

（1）.圖形化安裝，選擇minimal進(jìn)行安裝：

        Centos6.2文本模式安裝與圖形化模式安裝比較

        這一步選擇使用默認(rèn)選擇即英文；

        Centos6.2文本模式安裝與圖形化模式安裝比較

        這一步配置主機(jī)名及點(diǎn)擊“configure network”進(jìn)行網(wǎng)絡(luò)配置，如下圖：

         Centos6.2文本模式安裝與圖形化模式安裝比較

                  配置完成繼續(xù)下一步進(jìn)行安裝，直到“分區(qū)類型”這一步，如下圖：

         Centos6.2文本模式安裝與圖形化模式安裝比較

         選擇“create custom layout”，自定義分區(qū)，進(jìn)入下一步。分區(qū)最終結(jié)果如下圖：

         Centos6.2文本模式安裝與圖形化模式安裝比較

         繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下一步，直到選擇軟件界面即：“Centos 默認(rèn)安裝時(shí)最小安裝，您現(xiàn)在可以選擇不同的軟件”界面； 

         Centos6.2文本模式安裝與圖形化模式安裝比較

         這里選擇minimal，next進(jìn)入下一步；

         Centos6.2文本模式安裝與圖形化模式安裝比較

         這里可以看到總共安裝235個(gè)軟件包；這里安裝的軟件包與《Centos 6.2文本模式安裝》一文中的軟件包不同，其為353個(gè)軟件包；其操作系統(tǒng)為32位，這里安裝使用64位鏡像，不知是不是這個(gè)原因？

         安裝完成如下圖：

          Centos6.2文本模式安裝與圖形化模式安裝比較

          重啟進(jìn)入系統(tǒng)：執(zhí)行如下命令

  1. [root@test2 ~]# rpm -qa | wc -l  
  2. 235  
  3. [root@test2 ~]# rpm -qa >2.txt 
  4. [root@test2 test]# cat 2.txt |wc -l
  5. 235

（2）圖形化安裝在以下這個(gè)界面選擇：“customize now”進(jìn)行定制軟件包：

          Centos6.2文本模式安裝與圖形化模式安裝比較

          Centos6.2文本模式安裝與圖形化模式安裝比較

         這里僅僅勾選base system的base組；如下圖：

          Centos6.2文本模式安裝與圖形化模式安裝比較

          Centos6.2文本模式安裝與圖形化模式安裝比較

          這里可以看到總共安裝380個(gè)軟件包；

          安裝完成進(jìn)入系統(tǒng)執(zhí)行如下命令：

  1. [root@test2 ~]# rpm -qa | wc -l  
  2. 380  
  3. [root@test2 ~]# rpm -qa >3.txt
  4. [root@test2 test]# cat 3.txt |wc -l
  5. 380

（3）圖形化安裝在以下這個(gè)界面選擇：“customize now”進(jìn)行定制軟件包：在下圖界面將所有項(xiàng)前的對(duì)勾全部去掉；

          Centos6.2文本模式安裝與圖形化模式安裝比較

          Centos6.2文本模式安裝與圖形化模式安裝比較

         可以看到總共安裝201個(gè)軟件包；

         安裝完成進(jìn)入系統(tǒng)執(zhí)行如下命令：

  1. [root@test2 ~]# rpm -qa | wc -l  
  2. 201  
  3. [root@test2 ~]# rpm -qa >4.txt
  4. [root@test2 test]# cat 4.txt |wc -l
  5. 201

對(duì)幾種不同安裝方式所安裝的rpm包列表對(duì)比結(jié)果如下： 

對(duì)比一：
 

  1. [root@test2 test]# comm -12 <(sort 1.txt) <(sort 4.txt)|wc -l  
  2. 201  
  3. [root@test2 test]# comm -13 <(sort 1.txt) <(sort 4.txt)|wc -l  
  4. 0  
  5. [root@test2 test]# comm -23 <(sort 1.txt) <(sort 4.txt)|wc -l  
  6. 7  
  7.  
  8. [root@test2 test]# comm -23 <(sort 1.txt) <(sort 4.txt)  
  9. device-mapper-1.02.66-6.el6.x86_64  
  10. device-mapper-event-1.02.66-6.el6.x86_64  
  11. device-mapper-event-libs-1.02.66-6.el6.x86_64  
  12. device-mapper-libs-1.02.66-6.el6.x86_64  
  13. libudev-147-2.40.el6.x86_64  
  14. lvm2-2.02.87-6.el6.x86_64  
  15. lvm2-libs-2.02.87-6.el6.x86_64  
  16.  
  17. [root@test2 test]# comm -12 <(sort 1.txt) <(sort 4.txt)  
  18. acl-2.2.49-6.el6.x86_64  
  19. aic94xx-firmware-30-2.el6.noarch  
  20. atmel-firmware-1.3-7.el6.noarch  
  21. attr-2.4.44-7.el6.x86_64  
  22. audit-2.1.3-3.el6.x86_64  
  23. audit-libs-2.1.3-3.el6.x86_64  
  24. authconfig-6.1.12-5.el6.x86_64  
  25. b43-openfwwf-5.2-4.el6.noarch  
  26. basesystem-10.0-4.el6.noarch  
  27. bash-4.1.2-8.el6.centos.x86_64  
  28. bfa-firmware-3.0.0.0-1.el6.noarch  
  29. binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.28.el6.x86_64  
  30. bzip2-1.0.5-7.el6_0.x86_64  
  31. bzip2-libs-1.0.5-7.el6_0.x86_64  
  32. ca-certificates-2010.63-3.el6_1.5.noarch  
  33. centos-release-6-2.el6.centos.7.x86_64  
  34. checkpolicy-2.0.22-1.el6.x86_64  
  35. chkconfig-1.3.47-1.el6.x86_64  
  36. coreutils-8.4-16.el6.x86_64  
  37. coreutils-libs-8.4-16.el6.x86_64  
  38. cpio-2.10-9.el6.x86_64  
  39. cracklib-2.8.16-4.el6.x86_64  
  40. cracklib-dicts-2.8.16-4.el6.x86_64  
  41. cronie-1.4.4-7.el6.x86_64  
  42. cronie-anacron-1.4.4-7.el6.x86_64  
  43. crontabs-1.10-33.el6.noarch  
  44. curl-7.19.7-26.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  45. cyrus-sasl-2.1.23-13.el6.x86_64  
  46. cyrus-sasl-lib-2.1.23-13.el6.x86_64  
  47. dash-0.5.5.1-3.1.el6.x86_64  
  48. db4-4.7.25-16.el6.x86_64  
  49. db4-utils-4.7.25-16.el6.x86_64  
  50. dbus-glib-0.86-5.el6.x86_64  
  51. dbus-libs-1.2.24-5.el6_1.x86_64  
  52. dhclient-4.1.1-25.P1.el6.x86_64  
  53. dhcp-common-4.1.1-25.P1.el6.x86_64  
  54. diffutils-2.8.1-28.el6.x86_64  
  55. dracut-004-256.el6.noarch  
  56. dracut-kernel-004-256.el6.noarch  
  57. e2fsprogs-1.41.12-11.el6.x86_64  
  58. e2fsprogs-libs-1.41.12-11.el6.x86_64  
  59. efibootmgr-0.5.4-9.el6.x86_64  
  60. elfutils-libelf-0.152-1.el6.x86_64  
  61. ethtool-2.6.33-0.3.el6.x86_64  
  62. expat-2.0.1-9.1.el6.x86_64  
  63. file-libs-5.04-11.el6.x86_64  
  64. filesystem-2.4.30-3.el6.x86_64  
  65. findutils-4.4.2-6.el6.x86_64  
  66. fipscheck-1.2.0-7.el6.x86_64  
  67. fipscheck-lib-1.2.0-7.el6.x86_64  
  68. gamin-0.1.10-9.el6.x86_64  
  69. gawk-3.1.7-6.el6.x86_64  
  70. gdbm-1.8.0-36.el6.x86_64  
  71. glib2-2.22.5-6.el6.x86_64  
  72. glibc-2.12-1.47.el6.x86_64  
  73. glibc-common-2.12-1.47.el6.x86_64  
  74. gmp-4.3.1-7.el6.x86_64  
  75. gnupg2-2.0.14-4.el6.x86_64  
  76. gpgme-1.1.8-3.el6.x86_64  
  77. grep-2.6.3-2.el6.x86_64  
  78. groff-1.18.1.4-21.el6.x86_64  
  79. grub-0.97-75.el6.x86_64  
  80. grubby-7.0.15-2.el6.x86_64  
  81. gzip-1.3.12-18.el6.x86_64  
  82. hwdata-0.233-7.6.el6.noarch  
  83. info-4.13a-8.el6.x86_64  
  84. initscripts-9.03.27-1.el6.centos.x86_64  
  85. iproute-2.6.32-17.el6.x86_64  
  86. iptables-1.4.7-4.el6.x86_64  
  87. iptables-ipv6-1.4.7-4.el6.x86_64  
  88. iputils-20071127-16.el6.x86_64  
  89. ipw2100-firmware-1.3-11.el6.noarch  
  90. ipw2200-firmware-3.1-4.el6.noarch  
  91. ivtv-firmware-20080701-20.2.noarch  
  92. iwl1000-firmware-39.31.5.1-1.el6.noarch  
  93. iwl100-firmware-39.31.5.1-1.el6.noarch  
  94. iwl3945-firmware-15.32.2.9-4.el6.noarch  
  95. iwl4965-firmware-228.61.2.24-2.1.el6.noarch  
  96. iwl5000-firmware-8.83.5.1_1-1.el6_1.1.noarch  
  97. iwl5150-firmware-8.24.2.2-1.el6.noarch  
  98. iwl6000-firmware-9.221.4.1-1.el6.noarch  
  99. iwl6000g2a-firmware-17.168.5.3-1.el6.noarch  
  100. iwl6000g2b-firmware-17.168.5.2-1.el6.noarch  
  101. iwl6050-firmware-41.28.5.1-2.el6.noarch  
  102. kbd-1.15-11.el6.x86_64  
  103. kbd-misc-1.15-11.el6.noarch  
  104. kernel-2.6.32-220.el6.x86_64  
  105. kernel-firmware-2.6.32-220.el6.noarch  
  106. keyutils-libs-1.4-3.el6.x86_64  
  107. krb5-libs-1.9-22.el6.x86_64  
  108. less-436-10.el6.x86_64  
  109. libacl-2.2.49-6.el6.x86_64  
  110. libattr-2.4.44-7.el6.x86_64  
  111. libblkid-2.17.2-12.4.el6.x86_64  
  112. libcap-2.16-5.5.el6.x86_64  
  113. libcap-ng-0.6.4-3.el6_0.1.x86_64  
  114. libcom_err-1.41.12-11.el6.x86_64  
  115. libcurl-7.19.7-26.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  116. libdrm-2.4.25-2.el6.x86_64  
  117. libertas-usb8388-firmware-5.110.22.p23-3.1.el6.noarch  
  118. libffi-3.0.5-3.2.el6.x86_64  
  119. libgcc-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64  
  120. libgcrypt-1.4.5-9.el6.x86_64  
  121. libgpg-error-1.7-4.el6.x86_64  
  122. libidn-1.18-2.el6.x86_64  
  123. libnih-1.0.1-7.el6.x86_64  
  124. libselinux-2.0.94-5.2.el6.x86_64  
  125. libselinux-utils-2.0.94-5.2.el6.x86_64  
  126. libsemanage-2.0.43-4.1.el6.x86_64  
  127. libsepol-2.0.41-4.el6.x86_64  
  128. libss-1.41.12-11.el6.x86_64  
  129. libssh3-1.2.2-7.el6_1.1.x86_64  
  130. libstdc++-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64  
  131. libusb-0.1.12-23.el6.x86_64  
  132. libuser-0.56.13-4.el6_0.1.x86_64  
  133. libutempter-1.1.5-4.1.el6.x86_64  
  134. libuuid-2.17.2-12.4.el6.x86_64  
  135. libxml2-2.7.6-4.el6.x86_64  
  136. logrotate-3.7.8-12.el6_0.1.x86_64  
  137. lua-5.1.4-4.1.el6.x86_64  
  138. m4-1.4.13-5.el6.x86_64  
  139. MAKEDEV-3.24-6.el6.x86_64  
  140. mingetty-1.08-5.el6.x86_64  
  141. module-init-tools-3.9-17.el6.x86_64  
  142. mysql-libs-5.1.52-1.el6_0.1.x86_64  
  143. ncurses-5.7-3.20090208.el6.x86_64  
  144. ncurses-base-5.7-3.20090208.el6.x86_64  
  145. ncurses-libs-5.7-3.20090208.el6.x86_64  
  146. net-tools-1.60-109.el6.x86_64  
  147. newt-0.52.11-3.el6.x86_64  
  148. newt-python-0.52.11-3.el6.x86_64  
  149. nspr-4.8.8-3.el6.x86_64  
  150. nss-3.12.10-16.el6.x86_64  
  151. nss-softokn-3.12.9-11.el6.x86_64  
  152. nss-softokn-freebl-3.12.9-11.el6.x86_64  
  153. nss-sysinit-3.12.10-16.el6.x86_64  
  154. nss-util-3.12.10-2.el6.x86_64  
  155. openldap-2.4.23-20.el6.x86_64  
  156. openssh-5.3p1-70.el6.x86_64  
  157. openssh-server-5.3p1-70.el6.x86_64  
  158. openssl-1.0.0-20.el6.x86_64  
  159. pam-1.1.1-10.el6.x86_64  
  160. passwd-0.77-4.el6.x86_64  
  161. pciutils-libs-3.1.4-11.el6.x86_64  
  162. pcre-7.8-3.1.el6.x86_64  
  163. pinentry-0.7.6-6.el6.x86_64  
  164. plymouth-0.8.3-24.el6.centos.x86_64  
  165. plymouth-core-libs-0.8.3-24.el6.centos.x86_64  
  166. plymouth-scripts-0.8.3-24.el6.centos.x86_64  
  167. policycoreutils-2.0.83-19.18.el6.x86_64  
  168. popt-1.13-7.el6.x86_64  
  169. postfix-2.6.6-2.2.el6_1.x86_64  
  170. procps-3.2.8-21.el6.x86_64  
  171. psmisc-22.6-15.el6_0.1.x86_64  
  172. pth-2.0.7-9.3.el6.x86_64  
  173. pygpgme-0.1-18.20090824bzr68.el6.x86_64  
  174. python-2.6.6-29.el6.x86_64  
  175. python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch  
  176. python-libs-2.6.6-29.el6.x86_64  
  177. python-pycurl-7.19.0-8.el6.x86_64  
  178. python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-8.el6.noarch  
  179. ql2100-firmware-1.19.38-3.1.el6.noarch  
  180. ql2200-firmware-2.02.08-3.1.el6.noarch  
  181. ql23xx-firmware-3.03.27-3.1.el6.noarch  
  182. ql2400-firmware-5.06.02-1.el6.noarch  
  183. ql2500-firmware-5.06.02-1.el6.noarch  
  184. readline-6.0-3.el6.x86_64  
  185. redhat-logos-60.0.14-10.el6.centos.noarch  
  186. rootfiles-8.1-6.1.el6.noarch  
  187. rpm-4.8.0-19.el6.x86_64  
  188. rpm-libs-4.8.0-19.el6.x86_64  
  189. rpm-python-4.8.0-19.el6.x86_64  
  190. rsyslog-4.6.2-12.el6.x86_64  
  191. rt61pci-firmware-1.2-7.el6.noarch  
  192. rt73usb-firmware-1.8-7.el6.noarch  
  193. sed-4.2.1-7.el6.x86_64  
  194. selinux-policy-3.7.19-126.el6.noarch  
  195. selinux-policy-targeted-3.7.19-126.el6.noarch  
  196. setup-2.8.14-13.el6.noarch  
  197. shadow-utils-4.1.4.2-13.el6.x86_64  
  198. slang-2.2.1-1.el6.x86_64  
  199. sqlite-3.6.20-1.el6.x86_64  
  200. sudo-1.7.4p5-7.el6.x86_64  
  201. system-config-firewall-base-1.2.27-5.el6.noarch  
  202. sysvinit-tools-2.87-4.dsf.el6.x86_64  
  203. tar-1.23-3.el6.x86_64  
  204. tcp_wrappers-libs-7.6-57.el6.x86_64  
  205. tzdata-2011l-4.el6.noarch  
  206. udev-147-2.40.el6.x86_64  
  207. upstart-0.6.5-10.el6.x86_64  
  208. ustr-1.0.4-9.1.el6.x86_64  
  209. util-linux-ng-2.17.2-12.4.el6.x86_64  
  210. vim-minimal-7.2.411-1.6.el6.x86_64  
  211. which-2.19-6.el6.x86_64  
  212. xorg-x11-drv-ati-firmware-6.14.2-7.el6.noarch  
  213. xz-libs-4.999.9-0.3.beta.20091007git.el6.x86_64  
  214. yum-3.2.29-22.el6.centos.noarch  
  215. yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64  
  216. yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-10.el6.noarch  
  217. zd1211-firmware-1.4-4.el6.noarch  
  218. zlib-1.2.3-27.el6.x86_64  

 對(duì)比二：

  1. [root@test2 test]# comm -12 <(sort 2.txt) <(sort 4.txt)|wc -l  
  2. 201  
  3. [root@test2 test]# comm -13 <(sort 2.txt) <(sort 4.txt)|wc -l  
  4. 0  
  5. [root@test2 test]# comm -23 <(sort 2.txt) <(sort 4.txt)|wc -l  
  6. 34  
  7. [root@test2 test]# comm -23 <(sort 2.txt) <(sort 4.txt)  
  8. boost-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  9. boost-date-time-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  10. boost-filesystem-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  11. boost-graph-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  12. boost-iostreams-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  13. boost-program-options-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  14. boost-python-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  15. boost-regex-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  16. boost-serialization-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  17. boost-signals-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  18. boost-system-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  19. boost-test-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  20. boost-thread-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  21. boost-wave-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  22. ConsoleKit-0.4.1-3.el6.x86_64  
  23. ConsoleKit-libs-0.4.1-3.el6.x86_64  
  24. dbus-1.2.24-5.el6_1.x86_64  
  25. eggdbus-0.6-3.el6.x86_64  
  26. libicu-4.2.1-9.el6.x86_64  
  27. matahari-0.4.4-11.el6.x86_64  
  28. matahari-agent-lib-0.4.4-11.el6.x86_64  
  29. matahari-broker-0.4.4-11.el6.x86_64  
  30. matahari-host-0.4.4-11.el6.x86_64  
  31. matahari-lib-0.4.4-11.el6.x86_64  
  32. matahari-network-0.4.4-11.el6.x86_64  
  33. matahari-service-0.4.4-11.el6.x86_64  
  34. matahari-sysconfig-0.4.4-11.el6.x86_64  
  35. polkit-0.96-2.el6_0.1.x86_64  
  36. qpid-cpp-client-0.12-6.el6.x86_64  
  37. qpid-cpp-client-ssl-0.12-6.el6.x86_64  
  38. qpid-cpp-server-0.12-6.el6.x86_64  
  39. qpid-cpp-server-ssl-0.12-6.el6.x86_64  
  40. qpid-qmf-0.12-6.el6.x86_64  
  41. sigar-1.6.5-0.4.git58097d9.el6.x86_64  

對(duì)比三：

  1. [root@test2 test]# comm -12 <(sort 2.txt) <(sort 3.txt)|wc -l  
  2. 206  
  3. [root@test2 test]# comm -13 <(sort 2.txt) <(sort 3.txt)|wc -l  
  4. 174  
  5.  
  6. [root@test2 test]# comm -13 <(sort 2.txt) <(sort 3.txt)  
  7. abrt-2.0.4-14.el6.centos.x86_64  
  8. abrt-addon-ccpp-2.0.4-14.el6.centos.x86_64  
  9. abrt-addon-kerneloops-2.0.4-14.el6.centos.x86_64  
  10. abrt-addon-python-2.0.4-14.el6.centos.x86_64  
  11. abrt-cli-2.0.4-14.el6.centos.x86_64  
  12. abrt-libs-2.0.4-14.el6.centos.x86_64  
  13. acpid-1.0.10-2.1.el6.x86_64  
  14. alsa-lib-1.0.22-3.el6.x86_64  
  15. alsa-utils-1.0.21-3.el6.x86_64  
  16. at-3.1.10-43.el6.x86_64  
  17. atk-1.28.0-2.el6.x86_64  
  18. avahi-libs-0.6.25-11.el6.x86_64  
  19. b43-fwcutter-012-2.2.el6.x86_64  
  20. bc-1.06.95-1.el6.x86_64  
  21. bind-libs-9.7.3-8.P3.el6.x86_64  
  22. bind-utils-9.7.3-8.P3.el6.x86_64  
  23. biosdevname-0.3.11-1.el6.x86_64  
  24. blktrace-1.0.1-6.el6.x86_64  
  25. bridge-utils-1.2-9.el6.x86_64  
  26. btparser-0.13-1.el6.x86_64  
  27. busybox-1.15.1-11.el6.x86_64  
  28. cairo-1.8.8-3.1.el6.x86_64  
  29. centos-indexhtml-6-1.el6.centos.noarch  
  30. cpuspeed-1.5-15.el6.x86_64  
  31. crda-1.1.1_2010.11.22-1.el6.x86_64  
  32. cryptsetup-luks-1.2.0-6.el6.x86_64  
  33. cryptsetup-luks-libs-1.2.0-6.el6.x86_64  
  34. cups-libs-1.4.2-44.el6.x86_64  
  35. cyrus-sasl-plain-2.1.23-13.el6.x86_64  
  36. dbus-python-0.83.0-6.1.el6.x86_64  
  37. desktop-file-utils-0.15-9.el6.x86_64  
  38. device-mapper-1.02.66-6.el6.x86_64  
  39. device-mapper-event-1.02.66-6.el6.x86_64  
  40. device-mapper-event-libs-1.02.66-6.el6.x86_64  
  41. device-mapper-libs-1.02.66-6.el6.x86_64  
  42. dmidecode-2.11-2.el6.x86_64  
  43. dmraid-1.0.0.rc16-10.el6.x86_64  
  44. dmraid-events-1.0.0.rc16-10.el6.x86_64  
  45. dosfstools-3.0.9-4.el6.x86_64  
  46. ed-1.1-3.3.el6.x86_64  
  47. eject-2.1.5-17.el6.x86_64  
  48. elfutils-0.152-1.el6.x86_64  
  49. elfutils-libs-0.152-1.el6.x86_64  
  50. file-5.04-11.el6.x86_64  
  51. fontconfig-2.8.0-3.el6.x86_64  
  52. fprintd-0.1-19.git04fd09cfa.el6.x86_64  
  53. fprintd-pam-0.1-19.git04fd09cfa.el6.x86_64  
  54. freetype-2.3.11-6.el6_1.7.x86_64  
  55. gnutls-2.8.5-4.el6.x86_64  
  56. gpm-libs-1.20.6-12.el6.x86_64  
  57. gtk2-2.18.9-6.el6.centos.x86_64  
  58. hal-0.5.14-11.el6.x86_64  
  59. hal-info-20090716-3.1.el6.noarch  
  60. hal-libs-0.5.14-11.el6.x86_64  
  61. hdparm-9.16-3.4.el6.x86_64  
  62. hicolor-icon-theme-0.11-1.1.el6.noarch  
  63. hunspell-1.2.8-16.el6.x86_64  
  64. hunspell-en-0.20090216-7.1.el6.noarch  
  65. irqbalance-0.55-29.el6.x86_64  
  66. iw-0.9.17-4.el6.x86_64  
  67. jasper-libs-1.900.1-15.el6.x86_64  
  68. kexec-tools-2.0.0-209.el6.x86_64  
  69. kpartx-0.4.9-46.el6.x86_64  
  70. libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64  
  71. libedit-2.11-4.20080712cvs.1.el6.x86_64  
  72. libfprint-0.1.0-19.pre2.el6.x86_64  
  73. libjpeg-6b-46.el6.x86_64  
  74. libnl-1.1-14.el6.x86_64  
  75. libpcap-1.0.0-6.20091201git117cb5.el6.x86_64  
  76. libpng-1.2.46-1.el6_1.x86_64  
  77. libreport-2.0.5-20.el6.x86_64  
  78. libreport-cli-2.0.5-20.el6.x86_64  
  79. libreport-plugin-kerneloops-2.0.5-20.el6.x86_64  
  80. libreport-plugin-logger-2.0.5-20.el6.x86_64  
  81. libreport-plugin-mailx-2.0.5-20.el6.x86_64  
  82. libreport-plugin-reportuploader-2.0.5-20.el6.x86_64  
  83. libreport-plugin-rhtsupport-2.0.5-20.el6.x86_64  
  84. libreport-python-2.0.5-20.el6.x86_64  
  85. libtar-1.2.11-16.el6.x86_64  
  86. libtasn1-2.3-3.el6.x86_64  
  87. libthai-0.1.12-3.el6.x86_64  
  88. libtiff-3.9.4-1.el6_0.3.x86_64  
  89. libudev-147-2.40.el6.x86_64  
  90. libusb1-1.0.3-1.el6.x86_64  
  91. libX11-1.3-2.el6.x86_64  
  92. libX11-common-1.3-2.el6.noarch  
  93. libXau-1.0.5-1.el6.x86_64  
  94. libxcb-1.5-1.el6.x86_64  
  95. libXcomposite-0.4.1-2.el6.x86_64  
  96. libXcursor-1.1.10-2.el6.x86_64  
  97. libXdamage-1.1.2-1.el6.x86_64  
  98. libXext-1.1-3.el6.x86_64  
  99. libXfixes-4.0.4-1.el6.x86_64  
  100. libXft-2.1.13-4.1.el6.x86_64  
  101. libXi-1.3-3.el6.x86_64  
  102. libXinerama-1.1-1.el6.x86_64  
  103. libxml2-python-2.7.6-4.el6.x86_64  
  104. libXrandr-1.3.0-4.el6.x86_64  
  105. libXrender-0.9.5-1.el6.x86_64  
  106. lsof-4.82-2.el6.x86_64  
  107. lvm2-2.02.87-6.el6.x86_64  
  108. lvm2-libs-2.02.87-6.el6.x86_64  
  109. mailx-12.4-6.el6.x86_64  
  110. man-1.6f-29.el6.x86_64  
  111. man-pages-3.22-17.el6.noarch  
  112. man-pages-overrides-6.2.3-2.el6.noarch  
  113. mdadm-3.2.2-9.el6.x86_64  
  114. microcode_ctl-1.17-9.el6.x86_64  
  115. mlocate-0.22.2-3.el6.x86_64  
  116. mtr-0.75-5.el6.x86_64  
  117. nano-2.0.9-7.el6.x86_64  
  118. ntp-4.2.4p8-2.el6.centos.x86_64  
  119. ntpdate-4.2.4p8-2.el6.centos.x86_64  
  120. ntsysv-1.3.47-1.el6.x86_64  
  121. openssh-clients-5.3p1-70.el6.x86_64  
  122. pam_passwdqc-1.0.5-6.el6.x86_64  
  123. pango-1.28.1-3.el6_0.centos.5.x86_64  
  124. parted-2.1-17.el6.x86_64  
  125. pciutils-3.1.4-11.el6.x86_64  
  126. pcmciautils-015-4.2.el6.x86_64  
  127. perl-5.10.1-119.el6_1.1.x86_64  
  128. perl-libs-5.10.1-119.el6_1.1.x86_64  
  129. perl-Module-Pluggable-3.90-119.el6_1.1.x86_64  
  130. perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-119.el6_1.1.x86_64  
  131. perl-Pod-Simple-3.13-119.el6_1.1.x86_64  
  132. perl-version-0.77-119.el6_1.1.x86_64  
  133. pinfo-0.6.9-12.el6.x86_64  
  134. pixman-0.18.4-1.el6_0.1.x86_64  
  135. pkgconfig-0.23-9.1.el6.x86_64  
  136. pm-utils-1.2.5-9.el6.x86_64  
  137. prelink-0.4.6-3.el6.x86_64  
  138. psacct-6.3.2-63.el6.x86_64  
  139. python-ethtool-0.6-1.el6.x86_64  
  140. python-iwlib-0.1-1.2.el6.x86_64  
  141. quota-3.17-16.el6.x86_64  
  142. rdate-1.4-16.el6.x86_64  
  143. readahead-1.5.6-1.el6.x86_64  
  144. rfkill-0.3-4.el6.x86_64  
  145. rng-tools-2-10.el6.x86_64  
  146. rsync-3.0.6-5.el6_0.1.x86_64  
  147. setserial-2.17-25.el6.x86_64  
  148. setuptool-1.19.9-3.el6.x86_64  
  149. sgpio-1.2.0.10-5.el6.x86_64  
  150. smartmontools-5.39.1-5.el6.x86_64  
  151. sos-2.2-17.el6.noarch  
  152. strace-4.5.19-1.10.el6.x86_64  
  153. sysstat-9.0.4-18.el6.x86_64  
  154. system-config-firewall-tui-1.2.27-5.el6.noarch  
  155. system-config-network-tui-1.6.0.el6.2-1.el6.noarch  
  156. systemtap-runtime-1.6-4.el6.x86_64  
  157. tcpdump-4.0.0-3.20090921gitdf3cb4.1.el6.x86_64  
  158. tcp_wrappers-7.6-57.el6.x86_64  
  159. tcsh-6.17-14.el6.x86_64  
  160. time-1.7-37.1.el6.x86_64  
  161. tmpwatch-2.9.16-4.el6.x86_64  
  162. traceroute-2.0.14-2.el6.x86_64  
  163. unzip-6.0-1.el6.x86_64  
  164. usbutils-003-4.el6.x86_64  
  165. usermode-1.102-3.el6.x86_64  
  166. vconfig-1.9-8.1.el6.x86_64  
  167. vim-common-7.2.411-1.6.el6.x86_64  
  168. vim-enhanced-7.2.411-1.6.el6.x86_64  
  169. virt-what-1.11-1.1.el6.x86_64  
  170. wget-1.12-1.4.el6.x86_64  
  171. wireless-tools-29-5.1.1.el6.x86_64  
  172. words-3.0-17.el6.noarch  
  173. xdg-utils-1.0.2-17.20091016cvs.el6.noarch  
  174. xmlrpc-c-1.16.24-1200.1840.el6_1.4.x86_64  
  175. xmlrpc-c-client-1.16.24-1200.1840.el6_1.4.x86_64  
  176. xz-4.999.9-0.3.beta.20091007git.el6.x86_64  
  177. xz-lzma-compat-4.999.9-0.3.beta.20091007git.el6.x86_64  
  178. yum-plugin-security-1.1.30-10.el6.noarch  
  179. yum-utils-1.1.30-10.el6.noarch  
  180. zip-3.0-1.el6.x86_64  
  181.  
  182. [root@test2 test]# comm -23 <(sort 2.txt) <(sort 3.txt)|wc -l  
  183. 29  
  184.  
  185. [root@test2 test]# comm -23 <(sort 2.txt) <(sort 3.txt)  
  186. boost-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  187. boost-date-time-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  188. boost-filesystem-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  189. boost-graph-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  190. boost-iostreams-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  191. boost-program-options-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  192. boost-python-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  193. boost-regex-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  194. boost-serialization-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  195. boost-signals-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  196. boost-system-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  197. boost-test-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  198. boost-thread-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  199. boost-wave-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64  
  200. libicu-4.2.1-9.el6.x86_64  
  201. matahari-0.4.4-11.el6.x86_64  
  202. matahari-agent-lib-0.4.4-11.el6.x86_64  
  203. matahari-broker-0.4.4-11.el6.x86_64  
  204. matahari-host-0.4.4-11.el6.x86_64  
  205. matahari-lib-0.4.4-11.el6.x86_64  
  206. matahari-network-0.4.4-11.el6.x86_64  
  207. matahari-service-0.4.4-11.el6.x86_64  
  208. matahari-sysconfig-0.4.4-11.el6.x86_64  
  209. qpid-cpp-client-0.12-6.el6.x86_64  
  210. qpid-cpp-client-ssl-0.12-6.el6.x86_64  
  211. qpid-cpp-server-0.12-6.el6.x86_64  
  212. qpid-cpp-server-ssl-0.12-6.el6.x86_64  
  213. qpid-qmf-0.12-6.el6.x86_64  
  214. sigar-1.6.5-0.4.git58097d9.el6.x86_64  
  215.  
  216. [root@test2 test]# comm -12 <(sort 4.txt) <(comm -12 <(sort 2.txt) <(sort 3.txt)  
  217. )|wc -l  
  218. 201  
  219.  
  220. [root@test2 test]# comm -13 <(sort 4.txt) <(comm -12 <(sort 2.txt) <(sort 3.txt))|wc -l  
  221. 5  
  222.  
  223. [root@test2 test]# comm -13 <(sort 4.txt) <(comm -12 <(sort 2.txt) <(sort 3.txt)  
  224. )  
  225. ConsoleKit-0.4.1-3.el6.x86_64  
  226. ConsoleKit-libs-0.4.1-3.el6.x86_64  
  227. dbus-1.2.24-5.el6_1.x86_64  
  228. eggdbus-0.6-3.el6.x86_64  
  229. polkit-0.96-2.el6_0.1.x86_64  
  230.  
  231. [root@test2 test]# comm -23 <(sort 4.txt) <(comm -12 <(sort 2.txt) <(sort 3.txt))|wc -l  
  232. 0  

        對(duì)比四：

  1. [root@test2 test]# comm -12 <(sort 1.txt) <(sort 3.txt)|wc -l  
  2. 208  
  3. [root@test2 test]# comm -13 <(sort 1.txt) <(sort 3.txt)|wc -l  
  4. 172  
  5. [root@test2 test]# comm -23 <(sort 1.txt) <(sort 3.txt)|wc -l  
  6. 0  

 由以上對(duì)比得知：

1.文本安裝因?yàn)槭褂昧薼vm因此除了和圖形化安裝方式安裝相同的201個(gè)軟件包外，要額外安裝7個(gè)軟件包，即：

  1. device-mapper-1.02.66-6.el6.x86_64   
  2. device-mapper-event-1.02.66-6.el6.x86_64    
  3. device-mapper-event-libs-1.02.66-6.el6.x86_64    
  4. device-mapper-libs-1.02.66-6.el6.x86_64    
  5. libudev-147-2.40.el6.x86_64    
  6. lvm2-2.02.87-6.el6.x86_64    
  7. lvm2-libs-2.02.87-6.el6.x86_64 

在圖形化安裝的系統(tǒng)中使用yum安裝lvm2即可得知：

  1. [root@test2 test]# yum install lvm2  
  2. Loaded plugins: fastestmirror  
  3. Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile  
  4.  * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn  
  5.  * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn  
  6.  * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn  
  7. Setting up Install Process  
  8. Resolving Dependencies  
  9. --> Running transaction check  
  10. ---> Package lvm2.x86_64 0:2.02.95-10.el6 will be installed  
  11. --> Processing Dependency: lvm2-libs = 2.02.95-10.el6 for package: lvm2-2.02.95-10.el6.x86_64  
  12. --> Processing Dependency: libdevmapper.so.1.02(Base)(64bit) for package: lvm2-2.02.95-10.el6.x86_64  
  13. --> Processing Dependency: libdevmapper-event.so.1.02(Base)(64bit) for package: lvm2-2.02.95-10.el6.x86_64  
  14. --> Processing Dependency: libudev.so.0()(64bit) for package: lvm2-2.02.95-10.el6.x86_64  
  15. --> Processing Dependency: libdevmapper.so.1.02()(64bit) for package: lvm2-2.02.95-10.el6.x86_64  
  16. --> Processing Dependency: libdevmapper-event.so.1.02()(64bit) for package: lvm2-2.02.95-10.el6.x86_64  
  17. --> Running transaction check  
  18. ---> Package device-mapper-event-libs.x86_64 0:1.02.74-10.el6 will be installed  
  19. ---> Package device-mapper-libs.x86_64 0:1.02.74-10.el6 will be installed  
  20. --> Processing Dependency: device-mapper = 1.02.74-10.el6 for package: device-mapper-libs-1.02.74-10.el6.x86_64  
  21. ---> Package libudev.x86_64 0:147-2.42.el6 will be installed  
  22. ---> Package lvm2-libs.x86_64 0:2.02.95-10.el6 will be installed  
  23. --> Processing Dependency: device-mapper-event >= 1.02.74-10.el6 for package: lvm2-libs-2.02.95-10.el6.x86_64  
  24. --> Running transaction check  
  25. ---> Package device-mapper.x86_64 0:1.02.74-10.el6 will be installed  
  26. ---> Package device-mapper-event.x86_64 0:1.02.74-10.el6 will be installed  
  27. --> Finished Dependency Resolution  
  28.  
  29. Dependencies Resolved  
  30.  
  31. ================================================================================  
  32.  Package                      Arch       Version              Repository   Size 
  33. ================================================================================  
  34. Installing:  
  35.  lvm2                         x86_64     2.02.95-10.el6       base        613 k  
  36. Installing for dependencies:  
  37.  device-mapper                x86_64     1.02.74-10.el6       base        135 k  
  38.  device-mapper-event          x86_64     1.02.74-10.el6       base         88 k  
  39.  device-mapper-event-libs     x86_64     1.02.74-10.el6       base         83 k  
  40.  device-mapper-libs           x86_64     1.02.74-10.el6       base        162 k  
  41.  libudev                      x86_64     147-2.42.el6         updates      75 k  
  42.  lvm2-libs                    x86_64     2.02.95-10.el6       base        678 k  
  43.  
  44. Transaction Summary  
  45. ================================================================================  
  46. Install       7 Package(s)  
  47.  
  48. Total download size: 1.8 M  
  49. Installed size: 3.3 M  
  50. Is this ok [y/N]:  

2.最小安裝可以最少安裝201個(gè)軟件包；

3.定制安裝僅勾選base組軟件包與minimal方式安裝相比較安裝了相同的206個(gè)軟件包，相比較最小安裝的201個(gè)軟件包多裝了以下5個(gè)軟件包：

  1. ConsoleKit-0.4.1-3.el6.x86_64    
  2. ConsoleKit-libs-0.4.1-3.el6.x86_64    
  3. dbus-1.2.24-5.el6_1.x86_64    
  4. eggdbus-0.6-3.el6.x86_64    
  5. polkit-0.96-2.el6_0.1.x86_64  

其次minimal方式安裝安裝了以下29個(gè)軟件包而在使用定制安裝勾選base組的方式中未安裝。

  1. boost-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64    
  2. boost-date-time-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64    
  3. boost-filesystem-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64    
  4. boost-graph-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64    
  5. boost-iostreams-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64    
  6. boost-program-options-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64    
  7. boost-python-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64    
  8. boost-regex-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64    
  9. boost-serialization-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64    
  10. boost-signals-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64    
  11. boost-system-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64    
  12. boost-test-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64    
  13. boost-thread-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64    
  14. boost-wave-1.41.0-11.el6_1.2.x86_64    
  15. libicu-4.2.1-9.el6.x86_64    
  16. matahari-0.4.4-11.el6.x86_64    
  17. matahari-agent-lib-0.4.4-11.el6.x86_64    
  18. matahari-broker-0.4.4-11.el6.x86_64    
  19. matahari-host-0.4.4-11.el6.x86_64    
  20. matahari-lib-0.4.4-11.el6.x86_64    
  21. matahari-network-0.4.4-11.el6.x86_64    
  22. matahari-service-0.4.4-11.el6.x86_64    
  23. matahari-sysconfig-0.4.4-11.el6.x86_64    
  24. qpid-cpp-client-0.12-6.el6.x86_64    
  25. qpid-cpp-client-ssl-0.12-6.el6.x86_64    
  26. qpid-cpp-server-0.12-6.el6.x86_64    
  27. qpid-cpp-server-ssl-0.12-6.el6.x86_64    
  28. qpid-qmf-0.12-6.el6.x86_64    
  29. sigar-1.6.5-0.4.git58097d9.el6.x86_64 

在定制軟件安裝勾選base的安裝方式中除了與minimal方式安裝相同的206個(gè)軟件包后多安裝了174個(gè)軟件包。

以上對(duì)幾種安裝方式所安裝的軟件包對(duì)比僅僅是了解每種安裝方式，而不是每從網(wǎng)絡(luò)上看到別人是怎么安裝就怎么安裝而不加任何思考，當(dāng)然選擇何種安裝方式，還是根據(jù)自己的情況來(lái)進(jìn)行選擇。

最后總結(jié)一下：

1.因?yàn)槲谋灸Ｊ桨惭b系統(tǒng)不能自定義分區(qū)，因此可以考慮不選擇。

2.圖形化minimal安裝系統(tǒng)，很多常用命令沒(méi)有（因?yàn)樗谲浖窗惭b，而大部分軟件包都是Base組的），例如：hdparm、iostat、sar、unzip、wget、ntpstat、ntpdata、nano、setserial、bc、dmidecode、lsof、man、screen、ntsysv、at、sysreport、strace、tracert、lsusb、pinfo等。

是否看到熟悉的身影？

因此個(gè)人建議系統(tǒng)安裝使用定制安裝勾選base組進(jìn)行安裝；當(dāng)然也可以選擇minimal方式安裝，安裝完成后可以使用yum groupinstall Base 來(lái)安裝Base組軟件包；同樣也可以yum install *.rpm來(lái)安裝需要的軟件包，當(dāng)然需要知道自己需要什么？需要哪些軟件包？ 

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