CentOS7部署LNMP+Mongodb環(huán)境

上篇詳解了CentOS安裝LNMP+Mongodb生產(chǎn)環(huán)境，現(xiàn)在詳解它們的部署，多數(shù)已經(jīng)在安裝時(shí)執(zhí)行過了，此處主要做解釋以及常用維護(hù)：

============================================= mysql
#用戶組
groupadd mysql
#用戶
useradd -g mysql mysql -s /bin/false
#MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫存放目錄
/home/mysql/data
#MySQL運(yùn)行目錄
/usr/local/mysql
#配置文件
/etc/my.cnf
#服務(wù)腳本
/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
#通信文件
/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
#改默認(rèn)密碼sql
alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'sa';
#允許root遠(yuǎn)程登錄，改密碼為'sa'的sql
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'sa' WITH GRANT OPTION;
flush privileges;
#禁止root遠(yuǎn)程登錄的sql
delete from mysql.user where host<>'localhost' and user='root';
flush privileges;

#讀寫賬號(hào)
#master 寫
>mysql grant select,insert,update,delete,create,alter,index on mydb.* to 'web'@'%' identified by '123456';
>mysql flush privileges;
#slave 讀
>mysql grant select on mydb.* to 'web'@'%' identified by '123456';
>mysql flush privileges;

============================================= nginx
#用戶組
groupadd www
#用戶
useradd -g www www -s /bin/false
#運(yùn)行目錄
/usr/local/nginx
#服務(wù)腳本
/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
#配置文件
/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
#網(wǎng)站根目錄
/usr/local/nginx/html/

============================================= php
#運(yùn)行目錄
/usr/local/php
#ini文件，帶軟鏈接
ln -s /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini /etc/php.ini
#配置文件，帶軟鏈接
ln -s /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf /etc/php-fpm.conf
#服務(wù)腳本
/etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm
#安裝php擴(kuò)展，比如“xxx”；所有此般編譯后的so都應(yīng)在/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20121212/
cd xxx
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini   #加入 extension="xxx.so"
#memcache服務(wù)運(yùn)行目錄
/usr/local/memcached
#memcache服務(wù)腳本
/etc/init.d/memcached

============================================= MongoDB
#用戶組
groupadd mongodb
#用戶
useradd -g mongodb mongodb -s /bin/false
#運(yùn)行目錄
/usr/local/mongodb
#數(shù)據(jù)目錄
mkdir -p /home/mongodb/db
#日志目錄
mkdir -p /home/mongodb/log
#配置文件
/usr/local/mongodb/mongodb.conf
#pid路徑
/usr/local/mongodb/mongo.pid
#服務(wù)腳本
/etc/rc.d/init.d/mongod
#【?。】樱。　?/span>重啟mongodb進(jìn)程后，必須重啟php-fpm、httpd、java等所有已連接客戶端的進(jìn)程，否則返回“Remote server has closed the connection”
#啟動(dòng)MongoDB
mongo  #進(jìn)入MongoDB控制臺(tái)
show dbs #查看默認(rèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫
use admin  #切換到admin數(shù)據(jù)庫
exit #退出MongoDB控制臺(tái)
#創(chuàng)建索引
>mongo db.table01.ensureIndex({"myid":1});

============================================== sphinx
#運(yùn)行目錄
/usr/local/sphinx
#配置文件
/usr/local/sphinx/etc/sphinx.conf
#索引文件存放目錄
/home/sphinx
#服務(wù)腳本
/etc/rc.d/init.d/sphinx
#啟動(dòng)進(jìn)程
/usr/local/sphinx/bin/searchd  -c /usr/local/sphinx/etc/sphinx.conf
#重建索引
/usr/local/sphinx/bin/indexer  --config /usr/local/sphinx/etc/sphinx.conf --all --rotate
#停止索引和進(jìn)程
/usr/local/sphinx/bin/searchd  --config /usr/local/sphinx/etc/sphinx.conf --stop
#如果sphinx文件太大，刪除對(duì)應(yīng)存放目錄文件再重建增量索引文件夾
cd /home/sphinx/
rm * -fr
mkdir indexdelta
# 如果sphinx服務(wù)無法啟動(dòng)或者啟動(dòng)有錯(cuò)誤，可嘗試重命名 mv /usr/local/sphinx/var/data/binlog.meta文件，再重啟則ok

============================================== jre
yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel
vi /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_71  
export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre  
export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib  
export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH
:wq!
source /etc/profile

============================================== mysql 同步
# 讀寫賬號(hào)
master 寫
grant select,insert,update,delete,create,alter,index on sqtdb.* to 'web'@'%' identified by '123456';
flush privileges;
slave 讀
grant select on sqtdb.* to 'web'@'%' identified by '123456';
flush privileges;

********* master vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server-id=100
binlog-format=mixed
log-bin=mysql-bin
max_binlog_size=1000M
binlog-do-db=mydb
#binlog-ignore-db=mysql
#binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
#binlog-ignore-db=performance_schema
#binlog-ignore-db=sys

#root登錄master建立同步賬號(hào)
>mysql grant replication slave on *.* to 'replc'@'%' identified by '123456';

********* slave vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server-id=200
binlog-format=mixed
log-bin=mysql-bin
max_binlog_size=1000M
binlog-do-db=mydb
#binlog-ignore-db=mysql
#binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
#binlog-ignore-db=performance_schema
#binlog-ignore-db=sys

#root 登錄slave
>mysql change master to master_host='192.168.1.100',master_user='replc',master_password='123456',master_connect_retry=100;
>mysql show slave status\G;  #查看同步是否主要是查看Slave_IO_Running與Slave_SQL_Running選項(xiàng)。如果正常同步，這兩選必須同時(shí)為“YES”。

#如果啟動(dòng)slave時(shí)報(bào)錯(cuò) ERROR 1872 (HY000): Slave failed to initialize relay log info structure from the repository
>mysql reset slave; # 先reset（慎用！先記下slave當(dāng)前日志文件名和位置，如果reset后日志名和位置不對(duì)，則直接用stop再change master）
>mysql start slave; # 之后可以使用start 啟動(dòng)了
#如果要重新同步，先在master上執(zhí)行>mysql flush logs; 然后 >mysql show master status; 得到File、Position，再到slave執(zhí)行以下語句：
>mysql stop slave;
>mysql change master to master_host='192.168.1.100',master_user='replc',master_password='123456',master_log_file="localhost-bin.000004",master_log_pos=659,master_connect_retry=100;
>mysql start slave;

# 完全重新同步辦法
----slave
>mysql stop slave;
----master
>mysql flush tables with read lock;   #先鎖表 ?。?！
>mysql show master status\G;
mysql-bin.000021 | 47529419
# 使用大批量的導(dǎo)出方式，導(dǎo)入也隨之加速，如果數(shù)據(jù)大就帶參數(shù)gzip
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -uroot -p --default-character-set=utf8 -e --max_allowed_packet=41943040 --net_buffer_length=41043040 mydb|gzip > /home/mysql/mydb20160606.sql.gz
----slave
scp root@192.168.1.100:/home/mysql/mydb20160606.sql.gz /home/mysql/mydb20160606.sql.gz
gzip -d -c /home/mysql/mydb20160606.sql.gz > /home/mysql/mydb20160606.sql
>mysql drop database mydb;
>mysql create database `mydb` character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci;
mysql  -uroot -p mydb</home/mysql/mydb20160606.sql
----master
>mysql unlock tables;   #slave導(dǎo)入完成再unlock ！?。?br />----slave
>mysql change master to master_host='192.168.1.100',master_user='replc',master_password='123456',master_log_file="mysql-bin.000021",master_log_pos=47529419,master_connect_retry=100;
>mysql start slave;  #如果有“Slave failed to initialize relay log info structure from the repository”錯(cuò)誤先 reset slave再 change master ……
>mysql show slave status\G;

============================================== mongodb 主從同步（推薦轉(zhuǎn)用副本集模式）
# master 修改啟動(dòng)腳本
vi /etc/init.d/mongod
/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod  --maxConns 20000  --config /usr/local/mongodb/mongodb.conf --master
# slave 修改啟動(dòng)腳本
vi /etc/init.d/mongod
/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod  --maxConns 20000  --config /usr/local/mongodb/mongodb.conf --slave --source 192.168.1.100:27017
# 【注意】從節(jié)點(diǎn)slave是只讀，不能提供寫操作的；如果寫操作要切換到slave，slave必須先停止mongo進(jìn)程，再修改mongo啟動(dòng)腳本為master模式，最后重新啟動(dòng)mongo進(jìn)程；
# 增加slave只可在業(yè)務(wù)影響小的時(shí)候操作，否則slave首次同步時(shí)的鎖表會(huì)影響master的讀?。?br /># 【切記】重啟mongodb進(jìn)程后，必須重啟php-fpm、httpd、java等所有已連接客戶端的進(jìn)程，否則返回“Remote server has closed the connection”

============================================= apache2+ftp server（選裝）
#用戶和組
User apache
Group apache
#運(yùn)行
/usr/sbin/httpd
#配置
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
#網(wǎng)站根
/var/www/html
#systemctl服務(wù)
/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service
systemctl enable httpd.service

#安裝vsftpd
yum -y install vsftpd
vi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
local_root = /var/www/html

useradd myftp -s /sbin/nologin -d /var/www/html -g ftp
passwd myftp    #設(shè)ftp密碼

chown -R myftp /var/www/html
chmod -R 777 /var/www/html
systemctl enable vsftpd.service
vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables   # 80端口看實(shí)際情況設(shè)置
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables-config   # 增加2項(xiàng)
IPTABLES_MODULES="ip_conntrack_ftp"
IPTABLES_MODULES="ip_nat_ftp"

systemctl restart iptables.service

============================================= 修改服務(wù)器ip、mysql賬戶，則修改對(duì)應(yīng)文件和sql
#如果mongodb綁定了ip，則更改
vi /usr/local/mongodb/mongodb.conf
#如果master的同步賬號(hào)也更換了，也要隨之更改以下sql語句中的同步賬號(hào)：
先在master上執(zhí)行>mysql flush logs; 然后 >mysql show master status; 得到File、Position，再到slave上執(zhí)行以下語句：
>mysql stop slave;
>mysql change master to master_host='新的ip',master_user='replc',master_password='123456',master_log_file="localhost-bin.000004",master_log_pos=659,master_connect_retry=100;
>mysql start slave;
>mysql show slave status\G;   #等待1分鐘左右再執(zhí)行此句

============================================= mysql binglog export
mysqlbinlog -u root -p --start-datetime='2016-10-27 10:00:14' --stop-datetime='2016-10-27 13:02:14' /home/mysql/data/mysql-bin.000001 > /home/mysql/20161027-1.binlog

============================================= 單獨(dú)恢復(fù)mysql某表
1.解壓備份文件，得到完整備份文件sql
2.shell執(zhí)行得到該表數(shù)據(jù)并保存到某個(gè)sql文件
grep 'INSERT INTO `tbl_001` VALUES' mydb20160606.sql > /home/mysql/dbbak/ex001.sql
3.mysql中清除數(shù)據(jù)
>mysql truncate table tbl_001;
# 如果遇到外鍵約束禁止truncate，當(dāng)前會(huì)話中執(zhí)行 set foreign_key_checks=0;  數(shù)據(jù)恢復(fù)完畢后記得當(dāng)前會(huì)話恢復(fù)約束 set foreign_key_checks=1;
4.mysql中導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)，完成數(shù)據(jù)恢復(fù)
>mysql source /home/mysql/dbbak/ex001.sql;