OpenResty--------核心執(zhí)行階段篇

前言

前兩篇分別介紹了OpenResty核心概念和，優(yōu)勢(shì)與架構(gòu)等信息，進(jìn)行本篇之前建議至少觀看一遍。

• OpenResty--------企業(yè)級(jí)理論實(shí)踐篇
• OpenResty--------企業(yè)級(jí)入門(mén)實(shí)踐篇

背景

之前篇章介紹了OpenResty是基于Nginx為基礎(chǔ)核心的開(kāi)發(fā)平臺(tái)，
本篇將繼續(xù)介紹基礎(chǔ)平臺(tái)(Nginx)的主要特性。

特性

執(zhí)行階段

OpenResty將應(yīng)用分為４個(gè)大階段，11個(gè)小階段，如下圖所示。

• 初始化階段: master進(jìn)程啟動(dòng)預(yù)加載／生成worker進(jìn)程預(yù)加載
• 轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)/訪問(wèn)階段：url轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)，權(quán)限判斷
• 內(nèi)容處理/生成階段: 內(nèi)容生成
• 日志階段: 日志記錄

開(kāi)發(fā)中常用的7階段

• set_by_lua*: 流程分支處理判斷變量初始化
• rewrite_by_lua*: 轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)、重定向、緩存等功能(例如特定請(qǐng)求代理到外網(wǎng))
• access_by_lua*: IP 準(zhǔn)入、接口權(quán)限等情況集中處理(例如配合 iptable 完成簡(jiǎn)單防火墻)
• content_by_lua*: 內(nèi)容生成
• header_filter_by_lua*: 響應(yīng)頭部過(guò)濾處理(例如添加頭部信息)
• body_filter_by_lua*: 響應(yīng)體過(guò)濾處理(例如完成應(yīng)答內(nèi)容統(tǒng)一成大寫(xiě))
• log_by_lua*: 會(huì)話(huà)完成后本地異步完成日志記錄(日志可以記錄在本地，還可以同步到其他機(jī)器)

測(cè)試[常用的7階段]

環(huán)境

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core) 
[root@localhost ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64

OpenResty版本

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/openresty/bin/openresty -v
nginx version: openresty/1.13.6.2

創(chuàng)建測(cè)試項(xiàng)目目錄

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -vp openresty-phase-test/{conf,logs}
mkdir: created directory ‘openresty-phase-test’
mkdir: created directory ‘openresty-phase-test/conf’
mkdir: created directory ‘openresty-phase-test/logs’

編寫(xiě)配置文件

通過(guò)ngx.log輸出錯(cuò)誤級(jí)別日志至文件中

[root@localhost ~]# cat openresty-phase-test/conf/nginx.conf 
worker_processes 1; # 設(shè)置worker數(shù)量
error_log logs/error.log; # 指定錯(cuò)誤日志文件路徑
events {
    worker_connections 1024; # 單個(gè)worker進(jìn)程最大允許同時(shí)建立外部連接的數(shù)量
}

http {
    server {
        listen 9999; # 設(shè)置監(jiān)聽(tīng)端口, 注意系統(tǒng)其它服務(wù)是否已占用該端口

        location / {
            set_by_lua_block $a {
                ngx.log(ngx.ERR, "my is set_by_lua_block phase")
            }

            rewrite_by_lua_block {
                ngx.log(ngx.ERR, "my is rewrite_by_lua_block phase")
            }

            access_by_lua_block {
                ngx.log(ngx.ERR, "my is access_by_lua_block phase")
            }

            content_by_lua_block {
                ngx.log(ngx.ERR, "my is content_by_lua_block phase")
            }

            header_filter_by_lua_block {
                ngx.log(ngx.ERR, "my is header_filter_by_lua_block phase")
            }

            body_filter_by_lua_block {
                ngx.log(ngx.ERR, "my is body_filter_by_lua_block phase")
            }

            log_by_lua_block {
                ngx.log(ngx.ERR, "my is log_by_lua_block phase")
            }
        }  
    }
}

通過(guò)openresty運(yùn)行應(yīng)用

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/openresty/bin/openresty -p openresty-phase-test

查看錯(cuò)誤日志文件內(nèi)容

[root@localhost ~]# cat openresty-phase-test/logs/error.log 
[root@localhost ~]#

此時(shí)錯(cuò)誤日志文件內(nèi)容為空

通過(guò)curl工具發(fā)起測(cè)試請(qǐng)求[本地，端口為配置文件中的9999]

[root@localhost ~]# curl 127.0.0.1:9999                      

查看錯(cuò)誤日志文件內(nèi)容

2019/08/02 05:34:22 [error] 1092#0: *1 [lua] set_by_lua:2: my is set_by_lua_block phase, client: 127.0.0.1, server: , request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", host: "127.0.0.1:9999"
2019/08/02 05:34:22 [error] 1092#0: *1 [lua] rewrite_by_lua(nginx.conf:18):2: my is rewrite_by_lua_block phase, client: 127.0.0.1, server: , request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", host: "127.0.0.1:9999"
2019/08/02 05:34:22 [error] 1092#0: *1 [lua] access_by_lua(nginx.conf:22):2: my is access_by_lua_block phase, client: 127.0.0.1, server: , request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", host: "127.0.0.1:9999"
2019/08/02 05:34:22 [error] 1092#0: *1 [lua] content_by_lua(nginx.conf:27):2: my is content_by_lua_block phase, client: 127.0.0.1, server: , request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", host: "127.0.0.1:9999"
2019/08/02 05:34:22 [error] 1092#0: *1 [lua] header_filter_by_lua:2: my is header_filter_by_lua_block phase, client: 127.0.0.1, server: , request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", host: "127.0.0.1:9999"
2019/08/02 05:34:22 [error] 1092#0: *1 [lua] body_filter_by_lua:2: my is body_filter_by_lua_block phase, client: 127.0.0.1, server: , request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", host: "127.0.0.1:9999"
2019/08/02 05:34:22 [error] 1092#0: *1 [lua] log_by_lua(nginx.conf:39):2: my is log_by_lua_block phase while logging request, client: 127.0.0.1, server: , request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", host: "127.0.0.1:9999"

可以看到安排階段順序進(jìn)行輸出