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freemarker靜態(tài)化生成html頁(yè)面亂碼怎么解決

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2023-01-13 09:14:58 來(lái)源:億速云 閱讀:138 作者:iii 欄目:開發(fā)技術(shù)

這篇文章主要介紹“freemarker靜態(tài)化生成html頁(yè)面亂碼怎么解決”的相關(guān)知識(shí),小編通過(guò)實(shí)際案例向大家展示操作過(guò)程,操作方法簡(jiǎn)單快捷,實(shí)用性強(qiáng),希望這篇“freemarker靜態(tài)化生成html頁(yè)面亂碼怎么解決”文章能幫助大家解決問(wèn)題。

    freemarker靜態(tài)化生成html頁(yè)面亂碼的問(wèn)題

    下面是springmvc的核心代碼

     <!-- freemarker的配置 -->
        <bean id="freeMarkerConfigurer" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer">
                <!-- templateLoaderPath  :前綴 -->
                <property name="templateLoaderPath" value="/WEB-INF/ftl/"></property>
                <!-- 編碼 -->
                <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"></property>
                <!-- 可選的配置 -->
                <property name="freemarkerSettings">
              <props>
                    <prop key="template_update_delay">10</prop>
                    <prop key="locale">zh_CN</prop>
                    <prop key="datetime_format">yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss</prop>
                    <prop key="date_format">yyyy-MM-dd</prop>
                    <prop key="time_format">HH:mm:ss</prop>
                    <!-- 頁(yè)面數(shù)值的顯示格式 -->
                    <prop key="number_format">#.##</prop><!-- 88,282,882,888,888 --><!-- 88282882888888.00  -->
                </props>
               </property>
         </bean>
         
         <!-- freemarker的解析器 -->
         <bean id="freeMarkerViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerViewResolver">
             <!-- 后綴
             .ftl:是freemarker模板文件的后綴
              -->
               <property name="suffix" value=".ftl"></property>
               <property name="contentType" value="text/html;charset=utf-8"></property>
               <!-- 方便頁(yè)面獲得項(xiàng)目的絕對(duì)路徑 -->
               <property name="requestContextAttribute" value="request"></property>
         </bean>

    然后是controller的核心代碼

    @RequestMapping("/getHtml")
        public String getHtml(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{
            //第一步 freemarkerConfigurer得到一個(gè)Configure對(duì)象
            Configuration configuration = freeMarkerConfigurer.getConfiguration();
            //第二步 得到一個(gè)模版文件
            Template template = configuration.getTemplate("index.ftl");
            //第三步 構(gòu)建數(shù)據(jù)模型
            Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
            map.put("uname", "zhangsan");
            map.put("bookList", BookDaoImpl.getBookList());
            System.out.println(BookDaoImpl.getBookList().get(0).getAuthor());
            //第四步 指定一個(gè)文件夾 構(gòu)建一個(gè)輸出流
            String dir = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/");
            //PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter(new File(dir,"index.html")));
            System.out.println(dir);
            //第五步 數(shù)據(jù)模型+模版文件 = 輸出(控制臺(tái)輸出,html文件)
            template.process(map, printWriter);
            printWriter.flush();
            return "success";
        }

    最后頁(yè)面提示成功生成html頁(yè)面

    但在進(jìn)入生成的html頁(yè)面時(shí)發(fā)生了亂碼

    在網(wǎng)上也查了下大致給了以下幾種解決方案

    首先是說(shuō)ftl文件的head上加上

    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">

    因?yàn)槲以趕pringmvc的視圖解析器配置了

    <property name="contentType" value="text/html;charset=utf-8"></property>

    所以這個(gè)選擇首先pass掉,然后說(shuō)是在controller里加上

    configuration.setDefaultEncoding("UTF-8");

    不過(guò)因?yàn)槲以趂reemarker的環(huán)境配置我也配置了默認(rèn)的編碼

    <!-- 編碼 -->
    <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"></property>

    所以應(yīng)該也不是這個(gè)原因,后來(lái)我找到生成的html文件,發(fā)現(xiàn)用瀏覽器查看源代碼雖然會(huì)亂碼,但用記事本打開的時(shí)候所顯示并沒有亂碼,然后判斷是輸出流的問(wèn)題,通過(guò)網(wǎng)上查找發(fā)現(xiàn)FileWriter和FileReader使用的是系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)的編碼方式,因?yàn)閒ileWriter本身不具有用戶指定編碼的方式,這里選擇使用filewriter 的父類OutputStreamWriter來(lái)讀寫操作,把代碼

    String dir = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/");
    //PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter(new File(dir,"index.html")));

    替換成

    String dir = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/index.html");
            OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(dir), "UTF-8");
            PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(writer);

    后啟動(dòng)程序

    freemarker頁(yè)面靜態(tài)化步驟以及相關(guān)注意事項(xiàng)

    Freemarker

    導(dǎo)入坐標(biāo)

    <dependency>
    <groupId>org.freemarker</groupId>
    <artifactId>freemarker</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.23</version>
    </dependency>

    創(chuàng)建模板文件

    <html>
    <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>Freemarker入門</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <#--我只是一個(gè)注釋,我不會(huì)有任何輸出 -->
    ${name}你好,${message}
    </body>
    </html>

    生成文件

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
    //1.創(chuàng)建配置類
    Configuration configuration=new Configuration(Configuration.getVersion());
    //2.設(shè)置模板所在的目錄
    configuration.setDirectoryForTemplateLoading(new File("D:\\ftl"));
    //3.設(shè)置字符集,讀取文件的編碼
    configuration.setDefaultEncoding("utf-8");
    //4.加載模板
    Template template = configuration.getTemplate("test.ftl");
    //5.創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)模型
    Map map=new HashMap();
    map.put("name", "張三");
    map.put("message", "歡迎來(lái)到中國(guó)!");
    //6.創(chuàng)建Writer對(duì)象
    //   // 指定輸出編碼格式 utf-8
            Writer writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream ("d:\\ftl\\test.html"),"UTF-8"));
    //Writer out =new FileWriter(new File("d:\\test.flt"));
    //7.輸出
    template.process(map, out);
    //8.關(guān)閉Writer對(duì)象
    out.close();
    }

    例子

    分析

    前面我們已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了Freemarker的基本使用方法,下面我們就可以將Freemarker應(yīng)用到項(xiàng)目中,幫我們生成移動(dòng)端套餐列表靜態(tài)頁(yè)面和套餐詳情靜態(tài)頁(yè)面。

    接下來(lái)我們需要思考幾個(gè)問(wèn)題:

    (0)那些頁(yè)面應(yīng)該靜態(tài)化? 數(shù)據(jù)不經(jīng)常發(fā)生變化,訪問(wèn)量大的

    (1)什么時(shí)候生成靜態(tài)頁(yè)面比較合適呢?

    (2)將靜態(tài)頁(yè)面生成到什么位置呢?

    (3)應(yīng)該生成幾個(gè)靜態(tài)頁(yè)面呢?

    • 對(duì)于第一個(gè)問(wèn)題,應(yīng)該是當(dāng)套餐數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)生改變時(shí),需要生成靜態(tài)頁(yè)面,即我們通過(guò)后臺(tái)系統(tǒng)修改套餐數(shù)據(jù)(包括新增、刪除、編輯)時(shí)。

    • 對(duì)于第二個(gè)問(wèn)題,如果是在開發(fā)階段可以將文件生成到項(xiàng)目工程中,如果上線后可以將文件生成到移動(dòng)端系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的tomcat中。

    • 對(duì)于第三個(gè)問(wèn)題,套餐列表只需要一個(gè)頁(yè)面就可以了,在這個(gè)頁(yè)面中展示所有的套餐列表數(shù)據(jù)即可。套餐詳情頁(yè)面需要有多個(gè),即一個(gè)套餐應(yīng)該對(duì)應(yīng)一個(gè)靜態(tài)頁(yè)面。

    模板

    mobile_setmeal.ftl

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="zh-CN">
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
        <!-- 上述3個(gè)meta標(biāo)簽*必須*放在最前面,任何其他內(nèi)容都*必須*跟隨其后! -->
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=0,user-scalable=no,minimal-ui">
        <meta name="description" content="">
        <meta name="author" content="">
        <link rel="icon" href="../img/asset-favico.ico" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" >
        <title>預(yù)約</title>
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/page-health-order.css" rel="external nofollow"  />
    </head>
    <body data-spy="scroll" data-target="#myNavbar" data-offset="150">
    <div class="app" id="app">
        <!-- 頁(yè)面頭部 -->
        <div class="top-header">
            <span class="f-left"><i class="icon-back" onclick="history.go(-1)"></i></span>
            <span class="center">大鵝健康</span>
            <span class="f-right"><i class="icon-more"></i></span>
        </div>
        <!-- 頁(yè)面內(nèi)容 -->
        <div class="contentBox">
            <div class="list-column1">
                <ul class="list">
                    <#list setmealList as setmeal>
                        <li class="list-item">
                            <a class="link-page" href="setmeal_detail_${setmeal.id}.html" rel="external nofollow" >
                                <img class="img-object f-left"
                                     src="http://py25jppgz.bkt.clouddn.com/${setmeal.img}"
                                     alt="">
                                <div class="item-body">
                                    <h5 class="ellipsis item-title">${setmeal.name}</h5>
                                    <p class="ellipsis-more item-desc">${setmeal.remark}</p>
                                    <p class="item-keywords">
                                        <span>
                                            <#if setmeal.sex == '0'>
                                                性別不限
                                            <#else>
                                                <#if setmeal.sex == '1'>
                                                    男
                                                <#else>
                                                    女
                                                </#if>
                                            </#if>
                                        </span>
                                        <span>${setmeal.age}</span>
                                    </p>
                                </div>
                            </a>
                        </li>
                    </#list>
                </ul>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <!-- 頁(yè)面 css js -->
    <script src="../plugins/vue/vue.js"></script>
    <script src="../plugins/vue/axios-0.18.0.js"></script>
    </body>

    模板

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="zh-CN">
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
        <!-- 上述3個(gè)meta標(biāo)簽*必須*放在最前面,任何其他內(nèi)容都*必須*跟隨其后! -->
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=0,user-scalable=no,minimal-ui">
        <meta name="description" content="">
        <meta name="author" content="">
        <link rel="icon" href="../img/asset-favico.ico" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" >
        <title>預(yù)約詳情</title>
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/page-health-orderDetail.css" rel="external nofollow"  />
        <script src="../plugins/vue/vue.js"></script>
        <script src="../plugins/vue/axios-0.18.0.js"></script>
        <script src="../plugins/healthmobile.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body data-spy="scroll" data-target="#myNavbar" data-offset="150">
    <div id="app" class="app">
        <!-- 頁(yè)面頭部 -->
        <div class="top-header">
            <span class="f-left"><i class="icon-back" onclick="history.go(-1)"></i></span>
            <span class="center">大鵝健康</span>
            <span class="f-right"><i class="icon-more"></i></span>
        </div>
        <!-- 頁(yè)面內(nèi)容 -->
        <div class="contentBox">
            <div class="card">
                <div class="project-img">
                    <img src="http://py25jppgz.bkt.clouddn.com/${setmeal.img}"
                         width="100%" height="100%" />
                </div>
                <div class="project-text">
                    <h5 class="tit">${setmeal.name}</h5>
                    <p class="subtit">${setmeal.remark}</p>
                    <p class="keywords">
                        <span>
                            <#if setmeal.sex == '0'>
                                性別不限
                            <#else>
                                <#if setmeal.sex == '1'>
                                    男
                                <#else>
                                    女
                                </#if>
                            </#if>
                        </span>
                        <span>${setmeal.age}</span>
                    </p>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="table-listbox">
                <div class="box-title">
                    <i class="icon-zhen"><span class="path2"></span><span class="path3"></span></i>
                    <span>套餐詳情</span>
                </div>
                <div class="box-table">
                    <div class="table-title">
                        <div class="tit-item flex2">項(xiàng)目名稱</div>
                        <div class="tit-item  flex3">項(xiàng)目?jī)?nèi)容</div>
                        <div class="tit-item  flex3">項(xiàng)目解讀</div>
                    </div>
                    <div class="table-content">
                        <ul class="table-list">
                            <#list setmeal.checkGroups as checkgroup>
                                <li class="table-item">
                                    <div class="item flex2">${checkgroup.name}</div>
                                    <div class="item flex3">
                                        <#list checkgroup.checkItems as checkitem>
                                            <label>
                                                ${checkitem.name}
                                            </label>
                                        </#list>
                                    </div>
                                    <div class="item flex3">${checkgroup.remark}</div>
                                </li>
                            </#list>
                        </ul>
                    </div>
                    <div class="box-button">
                        <a @click="toOrderInfo()" class="order-btn">立即預(yù)約</a>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <script>
        var vue = new Vue({
            el:'#app',
            methods:{
                toOrderInfo(){
                    window.location.href = "orderInfo.html?id=${setmeal.id}";
                }
            }
        });
    </script>
    </body>

    配置文件

    (1)在health_service_provider工程中創(chuàng)建屬性文件freemarker.properties 通過(guò)上面的配置可以指定將靜態(tài)HTML頁(yè)面生成的目錄位置

    out_put_path=靜態(tài)頁(yè)面生成的位置

    在spring的中進(jìn)行配置

    <bean id="freemarkerConfig"
    class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer">
    <!--指定模板文件所在目錄-->
    <property name="templateLoaderPath" value="/WEB-INF/ftl/" />
    <!--指定字符集-->
    <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8" />
    </bean>
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:freemarker.properties"/>

    13 java 代碼

       @Autowired
        private SetmealDao setmealDao;
        @Autowired
        private JedisPool jedisPool;
        @Autowired
        private CheckGroupDao checkGroupDao;
        @Autowired
        private CheckItemDao checkItemDao;
        @Autowired
        private FreeMarkerConfigurer freeMarkerConfigurer;
        @Value("${out_put_path}")
        private String outPutPath;//從屬性文件中讀取要生成的html對(duì)應(yīng)的目錄
    //新增套餐,同時(shí)關(guān)聯(lián)檢查組
        public void add(Setmeal setmeal, Integer[] checkgroupIds) {
            setmealDao.add(setmeal);
            Integer setmealId = setmeal.getId();//獲取套餐id
            this.setSetmealAndCheckGroup(setmealId,checkgroupIds);
            //完成數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)操作后需要將圖片名稱保存到redis
            jedisPool.getResource().sadd(RedisConstant.SETMEAL_PIC_DB_RESOURCES,setmeal.getImg());
    
            //當(dāng)添加套餐后需要重新生成靜態(tài)頁(yè)面(套餐列表頁(yè)面、套餐詳情頁(yè)面)
            generateMobileStaticHtml();
        }
    
        //生成當(dāng)前方法所需的靜態(tài)頁(yè)面
        public void generateMobileStaticHtml(){
            //在生成靜態(tài)頁(yè)面之前需要查詢數(shù)據(jù)
            List<Setmeal> list = setmealDao.findAll();
    
            //需要生成套餐列表靜態(tài)頁(yè)面
            generateMobileSetmealListHtml(list);
    
            //需要生成套餐詳情靜態(tài)頁(yè)面
            generateMobileSetmealDetailHtml(list);
        }
    
        //生成套餐列表靜態(tài)頁(yè)面
        public void generateMobileSetmealListHtml(List<Setmeal> list){
            Map map = new HashMap();
            //為模板提供數(shù)據(jù),用于生成靜態(tài)頁(yè)面
            map.put("setmealList",list);
            generteHtml("mobile_setmeal.ftl","m_setmeal.html",map);
        }
    
        //生成套餐詳情靜態(tài)頁(yè)面(可能有多個(gè))
        public void generateMobileSetmealDetailHtml(List<Setmeal> list){
            for (Setmeal setmeal : list) {
                Map map = new HashMap();
                map.put("setmeal",setmealDao.findById4Detail(setmeal.getId()));
                generteHtml("mobile_setmeal_detail.ftl","setmeal_detail_" + setmeal.getId() + ".html",map);
            }
        }
    
        //通用的方法,用于生成靜態(tài)頁(yè)面
        public void generteHtml(String templateName,String htmlPageName,Map map){
            Configuration configuration = freeMarkerConfigurer.getConfiguration();//獲得配置對(duì)象
            Writer out = null;
            try {
                Template template = configuration.getTemplate(templateName);
                //構(gòu)造輸出流
                // 中文亂碼  
                //out = new BufferedWriter (new OutputStreamWriter (new FileOutputStream (outPutPath + "/" + htmlPageName),"UTF-8"));            //構(gòu)造輸出流
                out = new FileWriter(new File(outPutPath + "/" + htmlPageName));
                //輸出文件
                template.process(map,out);
                out.close();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

    生成靜態(tài)頁(yè)面的通用方法

        //通用的方法,用于生成靜態(tài)頁(yè)面(參數(shù):templateName:模板,htmlPageName:生成的文件名稱,Map:數(shù)據(jù))
        public void generteHtml(String templateName,String htmlPageName,Map map){
            Configuration configuration = freeMarkerConfigurer.getConfiguration();//獲得配置對(duì)象
            Writer out = null;
            try {
                Template template = configuration.getTemplate(templateName);
                //構(gòu)造輸出流
                // 中文亂碼  
                //out = new BufferedWriter (new OutputStreamWriter (new FileOutputStream (outPutPath + "/" + htmlPageName),"UTF-8"));            //構(gòu)造輸出流
                out = new FileWriter(new File(outPutPath + "/" + htmlPageName));
                //輸出文件
                template.process(map,out);
                out.close();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

    14 -測(cè)試

      public void genById(Integer setmealId){
            Map map = new HashMap();
            map.put("setmeal",setmealDao.findById4Detail(setmealId));
            generteHtml("mobile_setmeal_detail.ftl","setmeal_detail_" + setmealId + ".html",map);
        }

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