Node.js+SpreadJS怎么從服務(wù)端生成Excel電子表格

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Node是一個(gè)基于Chrome V8引擎的JavaScript運(yùn)行環(huán)境，通常用于創(chuàng)建網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用程序。它可以同時(shí)處理多個(gè)連接，并且不像其他大多數(shù)模型那樣依賴線程。

對(duì)于 Web 開發(fā)者來(lái)說(shuō)，從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)或Web服務(wù)器獲取數(shù)據(jù)，然后輸出到Excel文件以進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步分析的場(chǎng)景時(shí)有發(fā)生。我們的技術(shù)團(tuán)隊(duì)在跟國(guó)內(nèi)外各行各業(yè)用戶交流的過(guò)程中，就曾發(fā)現(xiàn)有很多的用戶嘗試在Node.js的環(huán)境下運(yùn)行SpreadJS 純前端表格控件，借助該控件，可以在服務(wù)器不預(yù)裝任何Excel依賴項(xiàng)的情況下，收集用戶輸入的信息，并將其自動(dòng)導(dǎo)出到Excel文件中。

一、安裝 SpreadJS 和 Node .js

首先，我們需要安裝Node.js以及Mock-Browser，BufferJS和FileReader，大家可以前往以下鏈接進(jìn)行下載，同步操作：

• Installing Node.js viaPackage Manager

• Mock-Browser

• BufferJS

• FileReader

我們將使用Visual Studio創(chuàng)建應(yīng)用程序。打開Visual Studio后，使用JavaScript> Node.js>Blank Node.js控制臺(tái)應(yīng)用程序模板創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新應(yīng)用程序。這將自動(dòng)創(chuàng)建所需的文件并打開" app.js"文件，也是我們將要更改的唯一文件。

對(duì)于BufferJS庫(kù)，您需要下載該軟件包，然后通過(guò)導(dǎo)航到項(xiàng)目文件夾（一旦創(chuàng)建）并運(yùn)行以下命令，將其手動(dòng)安裝到項(xiàng)目中：

npm install

安裝完成后，您可能需要打開項(xiàng)目的package.json文件并將其添加到" dependencies"部分。文件內(nèi)容應(yīng)如下所示：

{
"name": "spread-sheets-node-jsapp",
"version": "0.0.0",
"description": "SpreadSheetsNodeJSApp",
"main": "app.js",
"author": {
   "name": "admin"
},
"dependencies": {
   "FileReader": "^0.10.2",
   "bufferjs": "1.0.0",
   "mock-browser": "^0.92.14"
  }
}

在此示例中，我們將使用Node.js的文件系統(tǒng)模塊。我們可以將其加載到：

var fs = require('fs')

為了將SpreadJS與Node.js結(jié)合使用，我們還需要加載已安裝的Mock-Browser：

var mockBrowser =require('mock-browser').mocks.MockBrowser

在加載SpreadJS腳本之前，我們需要初始化模擬瀏覽器。初始化我們稍后在應(yīng)用程序中可能需要使用的變量，尤其是" window"變量：

global.window =mockBrowser.createWindow()
global.document = window.document
global.navigator = window.navigator
global.HTMLCollection =window.HTMLCollection
global.getComputedStyle =window.getComputedStyle

初始化FileReader庫(kù)：

var fileReader = require('filereader');
global.FileReader = fileReader;

二、使用SpreadJS npm 包

將SpreadJS安裝文件中的SpreadJS Sheets和ExcelIO包添加到項(xiàng)目中。

您可以通過(guò)右鍵單擊解決方案資源管理器的" npm"部分并將它們添加到您的項(xiàng)目中，然后選擇"安裝新的NPM軟件包"。您應(yīng)該能夠搜索" GrapeCity"并安裝以下2個(gè)軟件包：

@grapecity/spread-sheets
@grapectiy/spread-excelio

將SpreadJS npm軟件包添加到項(xiàng)目后，正確的依賴關(guān)系將被寫入package.json：

	{
	"name": "spread-sheets-node-jsapp",
	"version": "0.0.0",
	"description": "SpreadSheetsNodeJSApp",
	"main": "app.js",
	"author": {
	   "name": "admin"
	},
	  "dependencies":{
	   "@grapecity/spread-excelio": "^11.2.1",
	   "@grapecity/spread-sheets": "^11.2.1",
	   "FileReader": "^0.10.2",
	   "bufferjs": "1.0.0",
	   "mock-browser": "^0.92.14"
	  }
	}

現(xiàn)在我們需要在app.js文件中引入它：

var GC =require('@grapecity/spread-sheets')
var GCExcel =require('@grapecity/spread-excelio');

使用npm軟件包時(shí)，還需要設(shè)置許可證密鑰（點(diǎn)擊此處，免費(fèi)申請(qǐng)?jiān)S可證密鑰）：

GC.Spread.Sheets.LicenseKey ="<YOUR KEY HERE>"

在這個(gè)特定的應(yīng)用程序中，我們將向用戶顯示他們正在使用哪個(gè)版本的SpreadJS。為此，我們可以引入package.json文件，然后引用依賴項(xiàng)以獲取版本號(hào)：

var packageJson =require('./package.json')
console.log('\n** Using Spreadjs Version"' + packageJson.dependencies["@grapecity/spread-sheets"] +'" **')

三、將 Excel 文件加載到您的 Node.js 應(yīng)用程序中

點(diǎn)擊此處，下載現(xiàn)成的Excel模板文件，該文件包含了從用戶那里獲取數(shù)據(jù)。接下來(lái)，將數(shù)據(jù)放入文件中并導(dǎo)出。在這種情況下，文件是用戶可以編輯的狀態(tài)。

初始化工作簿和ExcelIO變量：

var wb = new GC.Spread.Sheets.Workbook();
var excelIO = new GCExcel.IO();

我們?cè)谧x取文件時(shí)將代碼包裝在try / catch塊中。然后，初始化變量" readline"，讓您讀取用戶輸入到控制臺(tái)的數(shù)據(jù)。接下來(lái)，我們將其存儲(chǔ)到一個(gè)JavaScript數(shù)組中，以便輕松填寫Excel文件：

// Instantiate the spreadsheet and modifyit
console.log('\nManipulatingSpreadsheet\n---');
try {
   var file = fs.readFileSync('./content/billingInvoiceTemplate.xlsx');
   excelIO.open(file.buffer, (data) => {
       wb.fromJSON(data);
       const readline = require('readline');
       var invoice = {
            generalInfo: [],
            invoiceItems: [],
            companyDetails: []
       };
   });
} catch (e) {
   console.error("** Error manipulating spreadsheet **");
   console.error(e);
}

四、收集用戶輸入信息

上圖顯示了我們正在使用的Excel文件。我們可以在excelio.open調(diào)用中創(chuàng)建一個(gè)單獨(dú)的函數(shù)，以在控制臺(tái)中提示用戶需要的每一項(xiàng)內(nèi)容。我們也可以創(chuàng)建一個(gè)單獨(dú)的數(shù)組，將數(shù)據(jù)保存到每個(gè)輸入后，然后將其推送到我們創(chuàng)建的invoice.generalInfo數(shù)組中：

fillGeneralInformation();
function fillGeneralInformation() {
   console.log("-----------------------\nFill in InvoiceDetails\n-----------------------")
   const rl = readline.createInterface({
       input: process.stdin,
       output: process.stdout
   });
   var generalInfoArray = [];
   rl.question('Invoice Number: ', (answer) => {
       generalInfoArray.push(answer);
       rl.question('Invoice Date (dd Month Year): ', (answer) => {
           generalInfoArray.push(answer);
            rl.question('Payment Due Date (ddMonth Year): ', (answer) => {
                generalInfoArray.push(answer);
                rl.question('Customer Name: ',(answer) => {
                   generalInfoArray.push(answer);
                    rl.question('CustomerCompany Name: ', (answer) => {
                       generalInfoArray.push(answer);
                        rl.question('Customer Street Address:', (answer) => {
                           generalInfoArray.push(answer);
                           rl.question('Customer City, State, Zip (<City>, <State Abbr><Zip>): ', (answer) => {
                                generalInfoArray.push(answer);
                               rl.question('Invoice Company Name: ', (answer) => {
                                   generalInfoArray.push(answer);
                                   rl.question('Invoice Street Address: ', (answer) => {
                                       generalInfoArray.push(answer);
                                       rl.question('Invoice City, State, Zip (<City>, <State Abbr><Zip>): ', (answer) => {
                                            generalInfoArray.push(answer);
                                           rl.close();
                                           invoice.generalInfo.push({
                                               "invoiceNumber": generalInfoArray[0],
                                               "invoiceDate": generalInfoArray[1],
                                               "paymentDueDate": generalInfoArray[2],
                                               "customerName": generalInfoArray[3],
                                               "customerCompanyName": generalInfoArray[4],
                                               "customerStreetAddress": generalInfoArray[5],
                                               "customerCityStateZip": generalInfoArray[6],
                                               "invoiceCompanyName": generalInfoArray[7],
                                               "invoiceStreetAddress": generalInfoArray[8],
                                               "invoiceCityStateZip": generalInfoArray[9],
                                            });
                                           console.log("General Invoice Information Stored");
                                           fillCompanyDetails();
                                        });
                                    });
                               });
                            });
                        });
                    });
                });
            });
       });
   });
}

該函數(shù)被稱為" fillCompanyDetails"，目的是收集有關(guān)公司的信息以填充到工作簿的第二張表中：

function fillCompanyDetails() {
   console.log("-----------------------\nFill in CompanyDetails\n-----------------------")
   const rl = readline.createInterface({
       input: process.stdin,
       output: process.stdout
   });
   var companyDetailsArray = []
   rl.question('Your Name: ', (answer) => {
       companyDetailsArray.push(answer);
       rl.question('Company Name: ', (answer) => {
            companyDetailsArray.push(answer);
            rl.question('Address Line 1: ',(answer) => {
               companyDetailsArray.push(answer);
                rl.question('Address Line 2: ',(answer) => {
                   companyDetailsArray.push(answer);
                    rl.question('Address Line3: ', (answer) => {
                       companyDetailsArray.push(answer);
                        rl.question('AddressLine 4: ', (answer) => {
                           companyDetailsArray.push(answer);
                           rl.question('Address Line 5: ', (answer) => {
                               companyDetailsArray.push(answer);
                               rl.question('Phone: ', (answer) => {
                                   companyDetailsArray.push(answer);
                                   rl.question('Facsimile: ', (answer) => {
                                       companyDetailsArray.push(answer);
                                        rl.question('Website: ', (answer)=> {
                                           companyDetailsArray.push(answer);
                                           rl.question('Email: ', (answer) => {
                                                companyDetailsArray.push(answer);
                                               rl.question('Currency Abbreviation: ', (answer) => {
                                                   companyDetailsArray.push(answer);
                                                    rl.question('Beneficiary: ',(answer) => {
                                                       companyDetailsArray.push(answer);
                                                       rl.question('Bank: ', (answer) => {
                                                            companyDetailsArray.push(answer);
                                                           rl.question('Bank Address: ', (answer) => {
                                                               companyDetailsArray.push(answer);
                                                               rl.question('Account Number: ', (answer) => {
                                                                   companyDetailsArray.push(answer);
                                                                    rl.question('RoutingNumber: ', (answer) => {
                                                                       companyDetailsArray.push(answer);
                                                                       rl.question('Make Checks Payable To: ', (answer) => {
                                                                           companyDetailsArray.push(answer);
                                                                            rl.close();
                                                                           invoice.companyDetails.push({
                                                                               "yourName": companyDetailsArray[0],
                                                                               "companyName": companyDetailsArray[1],
                                                                               "addressLine1": companyDetailsArray[2],
                                                                               "addressLine2": companyDetailsArray[3],
                                                                               "addressLine3": companyDetailsArray[4],
                                                                               "addressLine4": companyDetailsArray[5],
                                                                               "addressLine5": companyDetailsArray[6],
                                                                                "phone":companyDetailsArray[7],
                                                                               "facsimile": companyDetailsArray[8],
                                                                                "website":companyDetailsArray[9],
                                                                               "email": companyDetailsArray[10],
                                                                               "currencyAbbreviation":companyDetailsArray[11],
                                                                               "beneficiary": companyDetailsArray[12],
                                                                               "bank":companyDetailsArray[13],
                                                                               "bankAddress": companyDetailsArray[14],
                                                                               "accountNumber": companyDetailsArray[15],
                                                                               "routingNumber": companyDetailsArray[16],
                                                                               "payableTo": companyDetailsArray[17]
                                                                           });
                                                                           console.log("Invoice Company Information Stored");
                                                                            console.log("-----------------------\nFillin Invoice Items\n-----------------------")
                                                                           fillInvoiceItemsInformation();
                                                                        });
                                                                   });
                                                               });
                                                           });
                                                       });
                                                   });
                                               });
                                            });
                                        });
                                    });
                                });
                            });
                        });
                    });
                });
            });
       });
   });
}

現(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)有了用戶的基本信息，我們可以集中精力收集單個(gè)項(xiàng)目，并另命名為" fillInvoiceItemsInformation"函數(shù)。在每個(gè)項(xiàng)目執(zhí)行之前，我們會(huì)詢問(wèn)用戶是否要添加一個(gè)項(xiàng)目。如果他們繼續(xù)輸入" y"，那么我們將收集該項(xiàng)目的信息，然后再次詢問(wèn)直到他們鍵入" n"：

function fillInvoiceItemsInformation() {
   const rl = readline.createInterface({
       input: process.stdin,
       output: process.stdout
   });
   var invoiceItemArray = [];
   rl.question('Add item?(y/n): ', (answer) => {
       switch (answer) {
            case "y":
               console.log("-----------------------\nEnter ItemInformation\n-----------------------");
                rl.question('Quantity: ',(answer) => {
                   invoiceItemArray.push(answer);
                    rl.question('Details: ',(answer) => {
                       invoiceItemArray.push(answer);
                        rl.question('UnitPrice: ', (answer) => {
                           invoiceItemArray.push(answer);
                           invoice.invoiceItems.push({
                               "quantity":invoiceItemArray[0],
                               "details": invoiceItemArray[1],
                               "unitPrice": invoiceItemArray[2]
                            });
                            console.log("ItemInformation Added");
                            rl.close();
                           fillInvoiceItemsInformation();
                        });
                    });
                });
                break;
            case "n":
               rl.close();
                return fillExcelFile();
                break;
            default:
                console.log("Incorrectoption, Please enter 'y' or 'n'.");
       }
   });
}

五、填入您的Excel 文件

在收集所有必需的用戶信息后，我們可以將其填入到Excel文件中：

function fillExcelFile() {
   console.log("-----------------------\nFilling in Excelfile\n-----------------------");
   fillBillingInfo();
   fillCompanySetup();
}
function fillBillingInfo() {
   var sheet = wb.getSheet(0);
   sheet.getCell(0, 2).value(invoice.generalInfo[0].invoiceNumber);
   sheet.getCell(1, 1).value(invoice.generalInfo[0].invoiceDate);
   sheet.getCell(2, 2).value(invoice.generalInfo[0].paymentDueDate);
   sheet.getCell(3, 1).value(invoice.generalInfo[0].customerName);
   sheet.getCell(4, 1).value(invoice.generalInfo[0].customerCompanyName);
   sheet.getCell(5, 1).value(invoice.generalInfo[0].customerStreetAddress);
   sheet.getCell(6, 1).value(invoice.generalInfo[0].customerCityStateZip);
   sheet.getCell(3, 3).value(invoice.generalInfo[0].invoiceCompanyName);
   sheet.getCell(4, 3).value(invoice.generalInfo[0].invoiceStreetAddress);
   sheet.getCell(5, 3).value(invoice.generalInfo[0].invoiceCityStateZip);
}
function fillCompanySetup() {
   var sheet = wb.getSheet(1);
   sheet.getCell(2, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].yourName);
   sheet.getCell(3, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].companyName);
   sheet.getCell(4, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].addressLine1);
   sheet.getCell(5, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].addressLine2);
   sheet.getCell(6, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].addressLine3);
   sheet.getCell(7, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].addressLine4);
   sheet.getCell(8, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].addressLine5);
   sheet.getCell(9, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].phone);
   sheet.getCell(10, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].facsimile);
   sheet.getCell(11, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].website);
   sheet.getCell(12, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].email);
   sheet.getCell(13, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].currencyAbbreviation);
   sheet.getCell(14, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].beneficiary);
   sheet.getCell(15, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].bank);
   sheet.getCell(16, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].bankAddress);
   sheet.getCell(17, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].accountNumber);
   sheet.getCell(18, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].routingNumber);
   sheet.getCell(19, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].payableTo);
}

為了防止用戶添加的數(shù)量超過(guò)工作表最大行數(shù)，我們可以在工作表中自動(dòng)添加更多行。在設(shè)置數(shù)組中表單中的項(xiàng)目之前，默認(rèn)添加行：

function fillInvoiceItems() {
   var sheet = wb.getSheet(0);
   var rowsToAdd = 0;
   if (invoice.invoiceItems.length > 15) {
       rowsToAdd = invoice.invoiceItems.length - 15;
       sheet.addRows(22, rowsToAdd);
   }
   var rowIndex = 8;
   if (invoice.invoiceItems.length >= 1) {
       for (var i = 0; i < invoice.invoiceItems.length; i++) {
            sheet.getCell(rowIndex,1).value(invoice.invoiceItems.quantity);
            sheet.getCell(rowIndex,2).value(invoice.invoiceItems.details);
            sheet.getCell(rowIndex,3).value(invoice.invoiceItems.unitPrice);
            rowIndex++;
       }
   }
}

六、將文檔內(nèi)容從 Node.js 導(dǎo)出到 Excel 文件

在工作簿中填寫完信息后，我們可以將工作簿導(dǎo)出到Excel文件中。為此，我們將使用excelio打開功能。在這種情況下，只需將日期輸入文件名即可：

function exportExcelFile() {
   excelIO.save(wb.toJSON(), (data) => {
       fs.appendFileSync('Invoice' + new Date().valueOf() + '.xlsx', newBuffer(data), function (err) {
            console.log(err);
       });
       console.log("Export success");
   }, (err) => {
       console.log(err);
   }, { useArrayBuffer: true });
}

完成的文件將如下所示：

感謝各位的閱讀，以上就是“Node.js+SpreadJS怎么從服務(wù)端生成Excel電子表格”的內(nèi)容了，經(jīng)過(guò)本文的學(xué)習(xí)后，相信大家對(duì)Node.js+SpreadJS怎么從服務(wù)端生成Excel電子表格這一問(wèn)題有了更深刻的體會(huì)，具體使用情況還需要大家實(shí)踐驗(yàn)證。這里是億速云，小編將為大家推送更多相關(guān)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的文章，歡迎關(guān)注！