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這篇文章主要介紹“C++ pimpl機(jī)制怎么實(shí)現(xiàn)”,在日常操作中,相信很多人在C++ pimpl機(jī)制怎么實(shí)現(xiàn)問題上存在疑惑,小編查閱了各式資料,整理出簡單好用的操作方法,希望對大家解答”C++ pimpl機(jī)制怎么實(shí)現(xiàn)”的疑惑有所幫助!接下來,請跟著小編一起來學(xué)習(xí)吧!
Pointer to implementation(PImpl ),通過將類的實(shí)現(xiàn)細(xì)節(jié)放在一個(gè)單獨(dú)的類中,從其對象表示中刪除它們,通過一個(gè)不透明的指針訪問它們(cppreference 是這么說的)
通過一個(gè)私有的成員指針,將指針?biāo)赶虻念惖膬?nèi)部實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行隱藏
class Demo { public: ... private: DemoImp* imp_; }
個(gè)人拙見
C++ 不像Java 后端型代碼,能有行業(yè)定式的列目錄名形成規(guī)范(controller、Dao等)
隱藏實(shí)現(xiàn),降低耦合性和分離接口(隱藏類的具體實(shí)現(xiàn))
通過編譯期的封裝(隱藏實(shí)現(xiàn)類的細(xì)節(jié))
業(yè)界實(shí)現(xiàn)
優(yōu)秀開源代碼有實(shí)現(xiàn)
cook_cuisine.h
#pragma once #include <unordered_map> #include <vector> #include <memory> // Pointer to impl ementation class CookImpl; // 后廚 class Cook { public: Cook(int, const std::vector<std::string>&); ~Cook(); std::vector<std::string> getMenu(); /* 獲取菜單 */ uint32_t getChefNum(); /* 獲取廚師數(shù)量 */ private: CookImpl* impl_; }; typedef std::shared_ptr<Cook> CookPtr; // 美妙的typedef 懶人工具
cook_cuisine.cc
#include "cook_cuisine.h" class CookImpl { public: CookImpl(uint32_t checf_num, const std::vector<std::string>& menu):checf_num_(checf_num), menu_(menu) {} std::vector<std::string> getMenu(); uint32_t getChefNum(); private: uint32_t checf_num_; std::vector<std::string> menu_; }; std::vector<std::string> CookImpl::getMenu() { return menu_; } uint32_t CookImpl::getChefNum() { return checf_num_; } Cook::Cook(int chef_num, const std::vector<std::string>& menu) { impl_ = new CookImpl(chef_num, menu); } Cook::~Cook() { delete impl_; } std::vector<std::string> Cook::getMenu() { return impl_->getMenu(); } uint32_t Cook::getChefNum() { return impl_->getChefNum(); }
cook_cuisine.h
#pragma once #include <unordered_map> #include <vector> #include <memory> #include "cook_cuisine_imp.h" // 后廚 class Cook { public: Cook(int, const std::vector<std::string>&); ~Cook(); std::vector<std::string> getMenu(); /* 獲取菜單 */ uint32_t getChefNum(); /* 獲取廚師數(shù)量 */ private: CookImplPtr impl_; }; typedef std::shared_ptr<Cook> CookPtr;
cook_cuisine.cc
#include "cook_cuisine.h" Cook::Cook(int chef_num, const std::vector<std::string>& menu) { impl_.reset(new CookImpl(chef_num, menu)); } Cook::~Cook() { } std::vector<std::string> Cook::getMenu() { return impl_->getMenu(); } uint32_t Cook::getChefNum() { return impl_->getChefNum(); }
cook_cuisine_imp.h
#pragma once #include <vector> #include <unordered_map> #include <memory> class CookImpl { public: CookImpl(uint32_t checf_num, const std::vector<std::string>& menu):checf_num_(checf_num), menu_(menu) {} std::vector<std::string> getMenu(); uint32_t getChefNum(); private: uint32_t checf_num_; std::vector<std::string> menu_; }; typedef std::shared_ptr<CookImpl> CookImplPtr;
cook_cusine_imp.cc
#include "cook_cuisine_imp.h" std::vector<std::string> CookImpl::getMenu() { return menu_; } uint32_t CookImpl::getChefNum() { return checf_num_; }
main.cc
#include "cook_cuisine.h" #include <iostream> using namespace std; // Testing, 平時(shí)開發(fā)可千萬別用這句 int main() { int checf_num = 10; const std::vector<std::string> menus = { "Chicken", "Beef", "Noodle", "Milk" }; CookPtr cook(new Cook(checf_num, menus)); auto cook_menu = cook->getMenu(); auto cook_checf_num = cook->getChefNum(); cout << "======================Chinese Cook======================\n"; cout << "============Checf: " << cook_checf_num << " people\n"; cout << "==========Menu\n"; for (size_t i = 0; i < cook_menu.size(); i++) { cout << "============" << i + 1 << " : " << cook_menu[i] << "\n"; } return 0; }
CMakeLists.txt
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ..
空間開銷:每個(gè)類都需要額外的指針內(nèi)存指向?qū)崿F(xiàn)類
時(shí)間開銷:每個(gè)類間接訪問實(shí)現(xiàn)的時(shí)候多一個(gè)間接指針操作的開銷
閱讀開銷:使用、閱讀和調(diào)試上帶來一些不便(不是啥問題)
到此,關(guān)于“C++ pimpl機(jī)制怎么實(shí)現(xiàn)”的學(xué)習(xí)就結(jié)束了,希望能夠解決大家的疑惑。理論與實(shí)踐的搭配能更好的幫助大家學(xué)習(xí),快去試試吧!若想繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)更多相關(guān)知識,請繼續(xù)關(guān)注億速云網(wǎng)站,小編會(huì)繼續(xù)努力為大家?guī)砀鄬?shí)用的文章!
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