Xamarin只言片語(yǔ)2——Xamarin下的web api操作

在很多時(shí)候，我們是希望手機(jī)app是要和服務(wù)端關(guān)聯(lián)，并獲取服務(wù)端的數(shù)據(jù)的，本篇博文我們看一下在xmarin下，怎么和用web api的方式與服務(wù)端連接并獲取數(shù)據(jù)。

首先看web api的開(kāi)發(fā)，本實(shí)例是用Visual Studio 2013 with update 4開(kāi)發(fā)

然后創(chuàng)建一個(gè)實(shí)體類City

public class City

 {

     public int Code

     { get; set; }

     public string Name

     { get; set; }

 }

再創(chuàng)建一個(gè)WebApiController

    [RoutePrefix("api")]

public class TestController : ApiController

{

    [HttpGet]

    [Route("citys")]//通過(guò)路由設(shè)計(jì)為citys

    public IHttpActionResult GetCitys()

    {

        var citys = new List<City>() {

        new City(){ Code=1,Name="北京"},

        new City(){Code=2,Name="天津"}

        };

        return Json(citys);//通過(guò)Json方式返回?cái)?shù)據(jù)

    }

    [HttpPost]//設(shè)定請(qǐng)求方式為get請(qǐng)求

    [Route("login")]//通過(guò)路由設(shè)計(jì)為citys

    public IHttpActionResult SaveUser(string UserName, string Password)

    {

        if (UserName == "aaa" && Password == "bbb")

        {

            return Ok(1);

        }

        else

        {

            return Ok(0);

        }

    }

}

并鍵一點(diǎn)是要把webapi項(xiàng)目布署到IIS上，本例訪問(wèn)地址是：http://192.168.1.106/api

Android端

創(chuàng)建一個(gè)Android的空項(xiàng)目。

右擊項(xiàng)目，“管理Nuget程序包”，查Restsharp for Android，并安裝

新建一個(gè)窗體，axml如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    android:orientation="vertical"

    android:layout_width="fill_parent"

    android:layout_height="fill_parent">

    <Button

        android:text="確定"

        android:layout_width="match_parent"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:id="@+id/But1" />

    <EditText

        android:inputType="textMultiLine"

        android:layout_width="match_parent"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:id="@+id/username" />

    <EditText

        android:inputType="textMultiLine"

        android:layout_width="match_parent"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:id="@+id/password" />

    <Button

        android:text="確定"

        android:layout_width="match_parent"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:id="@+id/But2" />

</LinearLayout>

后端代碼如下：

using System;

using Android.App;

using Android.Content;

using Android.Runtime;

using Android.Views;

using Android.Widget;

using Android.OS;

using RestSharp;

using System.Net;

using System.Collections.Generic; 

namespace WebApiAndroid

{

    [Activity(Label = "WebApiAndroid", MainLauncher = true, Icon = "@drawable/icon")]

    public class MainActivity : Activity

    {

        protected override void OnCreate(Bundle bundle)

        {

            base.OnCreate(bundle); 

            SetContentView(Resource.Layout.Main); 

            Button but1 = FindViewById<Button>(Resource.Id.But1);

            Button but2 = FindViewById<Button>(Resource.Id.But2);

            EditText username_et = FindViewById<EditText>(Resource.Id.username);

            EditText password_et = FindViewById<EditText>(Resource.Id.password);

            but1.Click += delegate

            {

                RestClient client = new RestClient(@"http://192.168.1.106/api/");

                RestRequest request = new RestRequest(@"citys", Method.GET);

                client.ExecuteAsync(request, resp =>

                {

                    if (resp.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK)

                    {

                        var v = resp.Content;

                        var citys = SimpleJson.DeserializeObject<List<City>>(v);

                        RunOnUiThread(() => Toast.MakeText(this, "獲取成功!" + citys.Count, ToastLength.Short).Show());

                    }

                    else

                    {

                        RunOnUiThread(() => Toast.MakeText(this, "獲取失?。?/span>" + resp.StatusCode.ToString(), ToastLength.Short).Show());

                    }

                }); 

            }; 

            but2.Click += delegate

            {

                RestClient client = new RestClient(@"http://192.168.1.106/api/");

                RestRequest request = new RestRequest(@"login", Method.POST);

                //輸入?yún)?shù)

                request.AddParameter("UserName", username_et.Text, ParameterType.QueryString);

                request.AddParameter("Password", password_et.Text, ParameterType.QueryString);

                //上傳結(jié)果回調(diào)函數(shù)

                client.ExecuteAsync(request, resp =>

                {

                    if (resp.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK)

                    {

                        var v = resp.Content;

                        if (v == "1")

                        {

                            RunOnUiThread(() => Toast.MakeText(this, "登錄成功", ToastLength.Short).Show());

                        }

                        else

                        {

                            RunOnUiThread(() => Toast.MakeText(this, "登錄失?。?/span>" + resp.StatusCode.ToString(), ToastLength.Short).Show());

                        }

                    }

                    else

                    {

                        RunOnUiThread(() => Toast.MakeText(this, "獲取失?。?/span>" + resp.StatusCode.ToString(), ToastLength.Short).Show());

                    }

                }); 

            };

        }

    } 

    public class City

    {

        public int Code

        { get; set; } 

        public string Name

        { get; set; } 

    }

}

IPhone端

對(duì)于IOS開(kāi)發(fā)，也是同樣的，在Visual Studio中新建一個(gè)IPhone的應(yīng)用。

這時(shí)要求連接一Mac作為Build Host

這里我設(shè)置的是我的mac系統(tǒng)

同時(shí)打開(kāi)Mac上的xamarin.ios build host，開(kāi)始配對(duì)

在開(kāi)發(fā)端輸入mac端生成的pin碼

開(kāi)始配對(duì)，這里要注意你的visual studio所在的windows要與 build host所在的mac處于同一個(gè)局域網(wǎng)內(nèi)。

右鍵IOS項(xiàng)目，打開(kāi)nuget，安裝Restsharp for ios

還有另一個(gè)辦法來(lái)添加RestSharp引用，打開(kāi)下面網(wǎng)址

https://github.com/restsharp/RestSharp

下載程序包

重新編譯RestSharp.IOS，并把bin目錄中生成(最好是Release下)的RestSharp.IOS.dll引用到當(dāng)前的IOS項(xiàng)目中。

打開(kāi)IOS項(xiàng)目中的MainStoryboard.storyboard，添加兩個(gè)按鈕MyBut1和MyBut2，和兩個(gè)文本框，分別是UserName_TB和Password_TB

后臺(tái)Controller中的代碼如下：

using System;

using System.Drawing; 

using Foundation;

using UIKit;

using RestSharp;

using System.Net;

using System.Collections.Generic; 

namespace WebApiIPhone

{

    public partial class RootViewController : UIViewController

    {

        public RootViewController(IntPtr handle)

            : base(handle)

        {

        } 

        public override void DidReceiveMemoryWarning()

        {

            base.DidReceiveMemoryWarning();

        } 

        #region View lifecycle 

        public override void ViewDidLoad()

        {

            base.ViewDidLoad(); 

            MyBut1.TouchUpInside += MyBut1_TouchUpInside;

            MyBut2.TouchUpInside += MyBut2_TouchUpInside;

        }

        void MyBut2_TouchUpInside(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            RestClient client = new RestClient(@"http://192.168.1.106/api/");

            RestRequest request = new RestRequest(@"login", Method.POST);

            //輸入?yún)?shù)

            request.AddParameter("UserName", UserName_TB.Text, ParameterType.QueryString);

            request.AddParameter("Password", Password_TB.Text, ParameterType.QueryString);

            //上傳結(jié)果回調(diào)函數(shù)

            client.ExecuteAsync(request, resp =>

            {

                if (resp.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK)

                {

                    var v = resp.Content;

                    if (v == "1")

                    {

                        InvokeOnMainThread(delegate

                            {

                                var alert = new UIAlertView("提示", "登錄成功：", new AlertDelegate(), "確定");

                                alert.Show();

                            });

                    }

                    else

                    {

                        InvokeOnMainThread(delegate

                            {

                                var alert = new UIAlertView("提示", "登錄失敗：", new AlertDelegate(), "確定");

                                alert.Show();

                            });

                    }

                }

                else

                {

                    InvokeOnMainThread(delegate

                   {

                       var alert = new UIAlertView("提示", "登錄成功：" + resp.StatusCode.ToString(), new AlertDelegate(), "確定");

                       alert.Show();

                   }); 

                }

            });

        } 

        void MyBut1_TouchUpInside(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            RestClient client = new RestClient(@"http://192.168.1.106/api/");

            RestRequest request = new RestRequest(@"citys", Method.GET);

            client.ExecuteAsync(request, resp =>

            {

                if (resp.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK)

                {

                    var v = resp.Content;

                    var citys = SimpleJson.DeserializeObject<List<City>>(v);

                    InvokeOnMainThread(delegate

                    {

                        var alert = new UIAlertView("提示", "獲取成功：" + citys.Count, new AlertDelegate(), "確定");

                        alert.Show();

                    }); 

                }

                else

                {

                    InvokeOnMainThread(delegate

                    {

                        var alert = new UIAlertView("提示", "獲取失敗！", new AlertDelegate(), "確定");

                        alert.Show();

                    });

                }

            }); 

        } 

        public override void ViewWillAppear(bool animated)

        {

            base.ViewWillAppear(animated);

        } 

        public override void ViewDidAppear(bool animated)

        {

            base.ViewDidAppear(animated);

        } 

        public override void ViewWillDisappear(bool animated)

        {

            base.ViewWillDisappear(animated);

        } 

        public override void ViewDidDisappear(bool animated)

        {

            base.ViewDidDisappear(animated);

        } 

        #endregion 

        public class AlertDelegate : UIAlertViewDelegate

        {

            public override void Clicked(UIAlertView alertview, nint buttonIndex)

            {

                if (buttonIndex == 0)

                {

                    //確定處理代碼

                }

                else

                {

                    //取消處理代碼

                }

            }

        } 

    } 

    public class City

    {

        public int Code

        { get; set; }

        public string Name

        { get; set; } 

    }

}

這時(shí)你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，Android和IOS中的請(qǐng)求RestSharp的代碼是一致的。

效果如下：

Demo下載