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上一篇我們講了如何封裝Android調(diào)用WebService的能力,把上一章的類(lèi)加入我們便有了與WebService通訊的能力。往往我們會(huì)遇到WebService調(diào)用是通過(guò)對(duì)象來(lái)進(jìn)行實(shí)際交互調(diào)用的。于是便有了這一章構(gòu)建對(duì)象傳遞。
首先我們了解一下。
Ksoap2這個(gè)開(kāi)源包里面提供了一個(gè)接口
/* Copyright (c) 2003,2004, Stefan Haustein, Oberhausen, Rhld., Germany * * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: * * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in * all copies or substantial portions of the Software. * * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS * IN THE SOFTWARE. * * Contributor(s): John D. Beatty, F. Hunter, Renaud Tognelli * * */ package org.ksoap2.serialization; import java.util.Hashtable; /** * Provides get and set methods for properties. Can be used to replace * reflection (to some extend) for "serialization-aware" classes. Currently used * in kSOAP and the RMS based kobjects object repository */ public interface KvmSerializable { /** * Returns the property at a specified index (for serialization) * * @param index * the specified index * @return the serialized property */ Object getProperty(int index); /** * @return the number of serializable properties */ int getPropertyCount(); /** * Sets the property with the given index to the given value. * * @param index * the index to be set * @param value * the value of the property */ void setProperty(int index, Object value); /** * Fills the given property info record. * * @param index * the index to be queried * @param properties * information about the (de)serializer. Not frequently used. * @param info * The return parameter, to be filled with information about the * property with the given index. */ void getPropertyInfo(int index, Hashtable properties, PropertyInfo info); }
接口的有這么一句話in kSOAP and the RMS based kobjects object repository,大致意思應(yīng)該就是基于對(duì)象存儲(chǔ)的時(shí)候可以用到他。(當(dāng)然借助翻譯工具翻譯的,有什么理解上錯(cuò)誤的請(qǐng)聯(lián)系我)
那么意味著我們只需要把要傳遞的對(duì)象實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)接口就可以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)象傳輸了!
于是乎就有很多網(wǎng)文實(shí)現(xiàn)教你如何去實(shí)現(xiàn)了!我示例一下!
public Test implements KvmSerializable { public String test1; public String test2; //Returns the property at a specified index (for serialization) //通過(guò)索引返回特定屬性(翻譯:返回屬性在指定的索引(序列化)) @Override public Object getProperty(int index) { //根據(jù)接口注釋最直接的會(huì)如下操作 switch(index){ ...(return test1 之類(lèi)) } } //return the number of serializable properties //返回屬性的個(gè)數(shù)(翻譯:返回的數(shù)量可序列化的屬性) @Override public int getPropertyCount() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub //返回固定數(shù)量 return 2; } //Sets the property with the given index to the given value. //根據(jù)index給PropertyInfo賦值參數(shù) (翻譯:屬性與給定的索引設(shè)置為給定值。) @Override public void getPropertyInfo(int index, Hashtable arg1, PropertyInfo a) { //根據(jù)接口注釋最直接的會(huì)如下操作 swtich(index){ ... (設(shè)置a的屬性值) } } // Fills the given property info record. //給相應(yīng)索引的屬性賦值(翻譯:填充給定屬性信息記錄。) @Override public void setProperty(int index, Object arg1) { switch(index){ ...(test1 = arg1之類(lèi)) } } }
這樣是沒(méi)有錯(cuò)誤的,但是在我們有很多不同的類(lèi)需要傳遞的時(shí)候呢?這個(gè)類(lèi)屬性上百個(gè)的時(shí)候呢?
那我們豈不是一直需要做重復(fù)操作。那么我們何不寫(xiě)一個(gè)通用的轉(zhuǎn)換類(lèi)!
于是在不考慮更復(fù)雜,以及特定的一些數(shù)據(jù)類(lèi)型的時(shí)候我們有了下面這個(gè)類(lèi):
import java.lang.reflect.Field; import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException; import java.lang.reflect.Method; import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType; import java.lang.reflect.Type; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Hashtable; import java.util.List; import java.util.Vector; import org.ksoap2.serialization.KvmSerializable; import org.ksoap2.serialization.PropertyInfo; import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapObject; /** * 對(duì)象傳輸基礎(chǔ)類(lèi) * @author 劉亞林 * @e-mail 461973266@qq.com * */ public abstract BaseKvmSerializable implements KvmSerializable { /** ** 將首字母大寫(xiě) **/ public static String fristUpperCase(String str) { return String.valueOf(str.charAt(0)).toUpperCase().concat(str.substring(1)); } //Returns the property at a specified index (for serialization) //通過(guò)索引返回特定屬性(翻譯:返回屬性在指定的索引(序列化)) @Override public Object getProperty(int index) { //既然是要返回特定索引的屬性值,那么我們何不直接通過(guò)反射取對(duì)應(yīng)屬性返回 Field[] fs = this.getClass().getDeclaredFields(); Field f = fs[index]; String name = f.getName(); name = fristUpperCase(name); String getMethodName = "get"; if (f.getType() == boolean.class || f.getType() == Boolean.class) { getMethodName = "is"; } getMethodName += name; Method getMethod; Object val = null; try { getMethod = this.getClass().getMethod(getMethodName); getMethod.setAccessible(true); val = getMethod.invoke(this); } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IllegalAccessException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (InvocationTargetException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } return val; } //return the number of serializable properties //返回屬性的個(gè)數(shù)(翻譯:返回的數(shù)量可序列化的屬性) @Override public int getPropertyCount() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub //返回固定數(shù)量 return this.getClass().getDeclaredFields().length; } //Sets the property with the given index to the given value. //根據(jù)index給PropertyInfo賦值參數(shù) (翻譯:屬性與給定的索引設(shè)置為給定值。) @Override public void getPropertyInfo(int index, Hashtable arg1, PropertyInfo a) { Field[] fs = this.getClass().getDeclaredFields(); Field f = fs[index]; String name = f.getName(); //主要是設(shè)置type和name其他的需要可以繼續(xù)添加 a.type = getTypeByClass(f.getType()); a.name = name; } // Fills the given property info record. //給相應(yīng)索引的屬性賦值(翻譯:填充給定屬性信息記錄。) @Override public void setProperty(int index, Object arg1) { Field[] fs = this.getClass().getDeclaredFields(); Field f = fs[index]; String name = f.getName(); name = fristUpperCase(name); String setMethodName = "set" + name; Method m; try { m = this.getClass().getDeclaredMethod(setMethodName, f.getType()); m.setAccessible(true); m.invoke(this, arg1); } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IllegalAccessException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (InvocationTargetException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } /** ** 根據(jù)類(lèi)別獲得 PropertyInfo 特定類(lèi)別 ** 實(shí)際上除了統(tǒng)一類(lèi)別這個(gè)沒(méi)什么太多用為了心里好過(guò)而加 ** 你看下面對(duì)于這些類(lèi)別的的定義就知道了 ** public static final Class OBJECT_CLASS = new Object().getClass(); ** public static final Class STRING_CLASS = "".getClass(); ** public static final Class INTEGER_CLASS = new Integer(0).getClass(); ** public static final Class LONG_CLASS = new Long(0).getClass(); ** public static final Class BOOLEAN_CLASS = new Boolean(true).getClass(); ** public static final Class VECTOR_CLASS = new java.util.Vector().getClass(); **/ public Class getTypeByClass(Class cls) { if (cls.isAssignableFrom(Boolean.class) || cls.isAssignableFrom(boolean.class)) { return PropertyInfo.BOOLEAN_CLASS; } else if (cls.isAssignableFrom(String.class)) { return PropertyInfo.STRING_CLASS; } else if (cls.isAssignableFrom(Integer.class) || cls.isAssignableFrom(int.class) || cls.isAssignableFrom(byte.class) || cls.isAssignableFrom(Byte.class)) { return PropertyInfo.INTEGER_CLASS; } else if (cls.isAssignableFrom(Vector.class)) { return PropertyInfo.VECTOR_CLASS; } else if (cls.isAssignableFrom(Long.class) || cls.isAssignableFrom(long.class)) { return PropertyInfo.LONG_CLASS; } else { return PropertyInfo.OBJECT_CLASS; } } }
當(dāng)然這個(gè)類(lèi)已經(jīng)基本可以滿(mǎn)足大多數(shù)不復(fù)雜類(lèi)的調(diào)用了。
不過(guò)一些嵌套復(fù)雜的類(lèi)型的類(lèi)仍然可能報(bào)序列化的錯(cuò)誤,在這里我們將暫時(shí)不再深入研究。
有興趣的可以繼續(xù)了解一下:
他為什么會(huì)報(bào)序列化錯(cuò)誤?
再writeElement的時(shí)候
private void writeElement(XmlSerializer writer, Object element, PropertyInfo type, Object marshal) throws IOException { if (marshal != null) ((Marshal) marshal).writeInstance(writer, element); else if (element instanceof SoapObject) writeObjectBody(writer, (SoapObject) element); else if (element instanceof KvmSerializable) writeObjectBody(writer, (KvmSerializable) element); else if (element instanceof Vector) writeVectorBody(writer, (Vector) element, type.elementType); else throw new RuntimeException("Cannot serialize: " + element); }
很顯然當(dāng)他沒(méi)有Marshal 又不是SoapObject KvmSerializable Vector中的一種類(lèi)型的時(shí)候他就無(wú)法序列化了!自然就報(bào)錯(cuò)了!那么根據(jù)這個(gè)我們是不是抓住了點(diǎn)什么?
SoapSerializationEnvelope中有一個(gè)這樣的addMapping方法Marshal
//他的說(shuō)明是
//Defines a direct mapping from a namespace and name to a java class (and vice versa)
有興趣可以研究一下。
好了!基礎(chǔ)的對(duì)象構(gòu)建傳遞就將到這里了!
既然有序列化,那么如何對(duì)Ksoap2接收到的服務(wù)端數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行解析呢?敬請(qǐng)期待
下一篇《Android調(diào)用WebService系列之KSoap2對(duì)象解析》
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