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這篇“Python中怎么使用tkFileDialog實(shí)現(xiàn)文件選擇、保存和路徑選擇”文章的知識(shí)點(diǎn)大部分人都不太理解,所以小編給大家總結(jié)了以下內(nèi)容,內(nèi)容詳細(xì),步驟清晰,具有一定的借鑒價(jià)值,希望大家閱讀完這篇文章能有所收獲,下面我們一起來(lái)看看這篇“Python中怎么使用tkFileDialog實(shí)現(xiàn)文件選擇、保存和路徑選擇”文章吧。
看了下Tkinter的文檔,對(duì)于Pop-up dialog有三類,現(xiàn)在用到的是tkFileDialog
tkFileDialog有三種形式:
一個(gè)是:askopenfilename(option=value, …) 這個(gè)是”打開”對(duì)話框
一個(gè)是:asksaveasfilename(option=value, …) 這個(gè)是另存為對(duì)話框
另一個(gè)是:askdirectory()這個(gè)是路徑選擇對(duì)話框
option參數(shù)如下:
defaultextension = s
默認(rèn)文件的擴(kuò)展名
filetypes = [(label1, pattern1), (label2, pattern2), …]
設(shè)置文件類型下拉菜單里的的選項(xiàng)
initialdir = D
對(duì)話框中默認(rèn)的路徑
initialfile = F
對(duì)話框中初始化顯示的文件名
parent = W
父對(duì)話框(由哪個(gè)窗口彈出就在哪個(gè)上端)
title = T
彈出對(duì)話框的標(biāo)題
如果選中文件的話,確認(rèn)后會(huì)顯示文件的完整路徑,否則單擊取消的話會(huì)返回空字符串
#coding=UTF-8 import Tkinter, Tkconstants, tkFileDialog class TkFileDialogExample(Tkinter.Frame): def __init__(self, root): Tkinter.Frame.__init__(self, root) # options for buttons button_opt = {'fill': Tkconstants.BOTH, 'padx': 5, 'pady': 5} # define buttons Tkinter.Button(self, text='askopenfile', command=self.askopenfile).pack(**button_opt) Tkinter.Button(self, text='askopenfilename', command=self.askopenfilename).pack(**button_opt) Tkinter.Button(self, text='asksaveasfile', command=self.asksaveasfile).pack(**button_opt) Tkinter.Button(self, text='asksaveasfilename', command=self.asksaveasfilename).pack(**button_opt) Tkinter.Button(self, text='askdirectory', command=self.askdirectory).pack(**button_opt) # define options for opening or saving a file self.file_opt = options = {} options['defaultextension'] = '.txt' options['filetypes'] = [('all files', '.*'), ('text files', '.txt')] options['initialdir'] = 'C:\\' options['initialfile'] = 'myfile.txt' options['parent'] = root options['title'] = 'This is a title' # This is only available on the Macintosh, and only when Navigation Services are installed. #options['message'] = 'message' # if you use the multiple file version of the module functions this option is set automatically. #options['multiple'] = 1 # defining options for opening a directory self.dir_opt = options = {} options['initialdir'] = 'C:\\' options['mustexist'] = False options['parent'] = root options['title'] = 'This is a title' def askopenfile(self): """Returns an opened file in read mode.""" return tkFileDialog.askopenfile(mode='r', **self.file_opt) def askopenfilename(self): """Returns an opened file in read mode. This time the dialog just returns a filename and the file is opened by your own code. """ # get filename filename = tkFileDialog.askopenfilename(**self.file_opt) # open file on your own if filename: return open(filename, 'r') def asksaveasfile(self): """Returns an opened file in write mode.""" return tkFileDialog.asksaveasfile(mode='w', **self.file_opt) def asksaveasfilename(self): """Returns an opened file in write mode. This time the dialog just returns a filename and the file is opened by your own code. """ # get filename filename = tkFileDialog.asksaveasfilename(**self.file_opt) # open file on your own if filename: return open(filename, 'w') def askdirectory(self): """Returns a selected directoryname.""" return tkFileDialog.askdirectory(**self.dir_opt) if __name__ == '__main__': root = Tkinter.Tk() TkFileDialogExample(root).pack() root.mainloop()
python2和pyton3的版本問題。python3之后的版本自帶有tkinter.
import _tkinter
import tkinter
tkinter._test()
在python3中輸入以上命令進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。
Python2中應(yīng)該寫成
from tkFileDialog import askdirectory
python3中應(yīng)該寫成
from tkinter.filedialog import askdirectory
tkColorChooser ------------>tkinter.colorchooser
tkCommonDialog --------------->tkinter.commondialog
其他的可以類推。
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