如何用C語言鏈表實(shí)現(xiàn)工資管理系統(tǒng)

本篇內(nèi)容介紹了“如何用C語言鏈表實(shí)現(xiàn)工資管理系統(tǒng)”的有關(guān)知識，在實(shí)際案例的操作過程中，不少人都會遇到這樣的困境，接下來就讓小編帶領(lǐng)大家學(xué)習(xí)一下如何處理這些情況吧！希望大家仔細(xì)閱讀，能夠?qū)W有所成！

題目：建立工資管理系統(tǒng)，對職工工資的相關(guān)信息進(jìn)行管理。職工工資相關(guān)信息包括職工工號，職工姓名，月份，每月工資和年度總工資等，具體要求如下;

1、建立該系統(tǒng)的存儲結(jié)構(gòu)
2、錄入職工某個(gè)月的工資
3、查找某個(gè)職工某個(gè)月的工資
4、修改某個(gè)職工某個(gè)月的工資
5、刪除每個(gè)職工的工資相關(guān)信息
6、統(tǒng)計(jì)某個(gè)職工年度總工資
7、對職工的月工資或年度總工資進(jìn)行排名

源碼

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

typedef struct worker
{
    char no[12];         //職工工號
    char name[40];       //姓名
    int month[12];       //月份
    float gz[12];        //月工資
    float total;         //年度總工資
    struct worker *next; //指向下一節(jié)點(diǎn)的指針
} Worker;

//相關(guān)的函數(shù)聲明
Worker *CreateList(Worker *L, int n);               //根據(jù)輸入的職工人數(shù)，批量創(chuàng)建節(jié)點(diǎn)
void DeleteList(Worker *L, char n[]);               //刪除節(jié)點(diǎn)
void LIstSearch(Worker *L, char n[]);               //查找職工工資信息
void InsertInfo(Worker *L);                         //插入職工工資信息
void SearchMonthSalary(Worker *L, char n[], int m); //查找某個(gè)職工的某個(gè)月的工資
void Input(Worker *p, int i);                       //為節(jié)點(diǎn)的數(shù)據(jù)域賦值
void Print(Worker *L);                              //輸出整個(gè)鏈表的數(shù)據(jù)
void Modify(Worker *L, char n[], int m, float s);   //修改某個(gè)職工的工資
void menu();                                        //工資管理系統(tǒng)的菜單
void Save(Worker *L);                               //將職工的工資信息保存至文件
void Bubble_sort(Worker *L);                        //冒泡排序?qū)崿F(xiàn)對鏈表節(jié)點(diǎn)的排序
void StatiTotal(Worker *L,char n[]);                //統(tǒng)計(jì)某個(gè)職工年度總工資

//根據(jù)輸入的職工人數(shù)，批量創(chuàng)建節(jié)點(diǎn)
Worker *CreateList(Worker *L, int n) //n為輸入的職工人數(shù)
{
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        Worker *p;                                    //將新生成的節(jié)點(diǎn)插入到鏈表中
        p = NULL;
        p = (Worker *)malloc(sizeof(Worker));
        Input(p, i);                                //為節(jié)點(diǎn)的數(shù)據(jù)域賦值
        p->next = L->next;
        L->next = p;
    }
    return L;
}

void DeleteList(Worker *L, char n[]) //按姓名刪除職工信息
{
    int i;
    Worker *p = L->next, *pre = L; //定義p指針指向頭節(jié)點(diǎn)的指向，定義pre指向頭節(jié)點(diǎn)，pre始終指向p的前驅(qū)節(jié)點(diǎn)
    if (p == NULL)
        printf("數(shù)據(jù)為空，無法刪除！");
    else
    {
        while (strcmp(p->name, n) != 0)
        {
            pre = p;
            p = pre->next;
            if (p == NULL)
            {
                printf("沒有找到相關(guān)信息，無法刪除\n");
                return;
            }
        }
        pre->next = p->next;
        free(p);
        printf("刪除成功");
    }
}

//向鏈表中插入職工工資信息
void InsertInfo(Worker *L)
{
    int j, k;
    Worker *p = NULL;
    p = (Worker *)malloc(sizeof(Worker)); //生成一個(gè)新節(jié)點(diǎn)p
    p->total = 0;
    printf("請輸入要插入的職工的職工工號:");
    scanf("%s", &p->no);
    printf("請輸入要插入的職工的姓名:");
    scanf("%s", &p->name);
    for (k = 0, j = 1; j <= 12, k < 12; j++, k++)
        p->month[k] = j;
    printf("請輸入要插入的職工的月工資(用空格隔開):");
    for (j = 0; j < 12; j++)
    {
        scanf("%f", &p->gz[j]); //輸入每個(gè)月的工資
        p->total += p->gz[j];   //計(jì)算總工資
    }
    p->next = L->next;
    L->next = p;
    printf("插入成功!");
}

void LIstSearch(Worker *L, char n[])
{
    int i;
    Worker *p = L->next;
    while (p != NULL)
    {
        if (strcmp(p->name, n) == 0)
        {
            printf("\n該職工的工資的信息如下:\n");
            printf("職工編號:");
            printf("%s\t\n", p->no);
            printf("姓名:");
            printf("%s\n", p->name);
            printf("該職工12個(gè)月的月工資如下:");
            for (i = 0; i < 12; i++)
                printf("%.2f ", p->gz[i]);
            printf("\n該職工的年度總工資為:");
            printf("%.2f", p->total);
            printf("\n\n");
            printf("\n");
            p = p->next;
        }
        else
            p = p->next;
    }
}

void SearchMonthSalary(Worker *L, char n[], int m)
{
    int i;
    Worker *p = L->next;
    while (p != NULL)
    {
        if (strcmp(p->name, n) == 0)
        {
            switch (m)
            {
            case 1:
                printf("該職工%d月的工資為%.2f", p->month[0], p->gz[0]);
                break;
            case 2:
                printf("該職工%d月的工資為%.2f", p->month[1], p->gz[1]);
                break;
            case 3:
                printf("該職工%d月的工資為%.2f", p->month[2], p->gz[2]);
                break;
            case 4:
                printf("該職工%d月的工資為%.2f", p->month[3], p->gz[3]);
                break;
            case 5:
                printf("該職工%d月的工資為%.2f", p->month[4], p->gz[4]);
                break;
            case 6:
                printf("該職工%d月的工資為%.2f", p->month[5], p->gz[5]);
                break;
            case 7:
                printf("該職工%d月的工資為%.2f", p->month[6], p->gz[6]);
                break;
            case 8:
                printf("該職工%d月的工資為%.2f", p->month[7], p->gz[7]);
                break;
            case 9:
                printf("該職工%d月的工資為%.2f", p->month[8], p->gz[8]);
                break;
            case 10:
                printf("該職工%d月的工資為%.2f", p->month[9], p->gz[9]);
                break;
            case 11:
                printf("該職工%d月的工資為%.2f", p->month[10], p->gz[10]);
                break;
            case 12:
                printf("該職工%d月的工資為%.2f", p->month[11], p->gz[11]);
                break;
            default:
                break;
            }
            p = p->next;
        }
        else
            p = p->next;
    }
}

void Bubble_sort(Worker *L)//冒泡排序?qū)崿F(xiàn)對鏈表節(jié)點(diǎn)的排序
{
    Worker *p,*q,*tail,*l;
    tail = NULL;
    while((L->next->next) != tail)
    {
        p = L;
        q = L->next;
        while(q->next != tail)
        {
            if((q->total) > (q->next->total))
            {
                p->next = q->next;
                q->next = q->next->next;
                p->next->next = q;
                q = p->next;
            }
            q = q->next;
            p = p->next;
        }
        tail = q;
    }
    printf("排序完成！年度總工資從小到大結(jié)果如下:\n");
    l=L->next;
    while(l!=NULL)
    {
        if(l->next!=NULL)
            {
                printf("%s->",l->name);
                l=l->next;
            }
        else
        {
            printf("%s",l->name);
            l=l->next;
        }
    }
}

void StatiTotal(Worker *L,char n[])         //統(tǒng)計(jì)某個(gè)職工年度總工資
{
    int i;
    Worker *p=L->next;
    while(p!=NULL)
    {
        p->total=0;
        if(strcmp(p->name,n)==0)
        {
            for(i=0;i<12;i++)
                p->total+=p->gz[i];
            printf("%s的年度總工資為%.2f",n,p->total);
            break;
        }
        else
            p=p->next;
    }

}

void Modify(Worker *L, char n[], int m, float s)
{
    int i,j;
    Worker *p = L->next;
    while (p != NULL)
    {
        if (strcmp(p->name, n) == 0)
        {
            switch (m)
            {
            case 1:
                p->gz[0] = s;
                break;
            case 2:
                p->gz[1] = s;
                break;
            case 3:
                p->gz[2] = s;
                break;
            case 4:
                p->gz[3] = s;
                break;
            case 5:
                p->gz[4] = s;
                break;
            case 6:
                p->gz[5] = s;
                break;
            case 7:
                p->gz[6] = s;
                break;
            case 8:
                p->gz[7] = s;
                break;
            case 9:
                p->gz[8] = s;
                break;
            case 10:
                p->gz[9] = s;
                break;
            case 11:
                p->gz[10] = s;
                break;
            case 12:
                p->gz[11] = s;
                break;
            default:
                break;
            }
            p->total=0;
            for(j=0;j<12;j++)
                p->total+=p->gz[j];
            p=p->next;
        }
        else
            p = p->next;
    }
    printf("修改成功!");
}
void Input(Worker *p, int i)
{
    int j, k;
    p->total = 0;
    printf("請輸入第%d名職工的職工工號:", i + 1);
    scanf("%s", &p->no);
    printf("請輸入第%d名職工的姓名:", i + 1);
    scanf("%s", &p->name);
    for (k = 0, j = 1; j <= 12, k < 12; j++, k++)
        p->month[k] = j;
    printf("請輸入第%d名職工的月工資(用空格隔開):", i + 1);
    for (j = 0; j < 12; j++)
    {
        scanf("%f", &p->gz[j]); //輸入每個(gè)月的工資
        p->total += p->gz[j];   //計(jì)算總工資
    }
}

void Print(Worker *L)       //打印所有職工工資信息
{
    int i;
    Worker *p = L->next;
    while (p != NULL)
    {
        printf("職工編號:");
        printf("%s\t\n", p->no);
        printf("姓名:");
        printf("%s\n", p->name);
        printf("該職工12個(gè)月的月工資如下:");
        for (i = 0; i < 12; i++)
            printf("%.2f ", p->gz[i]);
        printf("\n該職工的年度總工資為:");
        printf("%.2f", p->total);
        printf("\n\n");
        p = p->next;
    }
}

void Save(Worker *L)
{
    int i;
    Worker *p = L->next;
    FILE *fp = fopen("WorkerSalaryInfo.txt", "w");
    while (p != NULL)
    {
        fprintf(fp, "職工編號:");
        fprintf(fp, "%s\t\n", p->no);
        fprintf(fp, "姓名:");
        fprintf(fp, "%s\n", p->name);
        fprintf(fp, "該職工12個(gè)月的月工資如下:");
        for (i = 0; i < 12; i++)
            fprintf(fp, "%.2f ", p->gz[i]);
        fprintf(fp, "\n該職工的年度總工資為:");
        fprintf(fp, "%.2f", p->total);
        fprintf(fp, "\n\n");
        p = p->next;
    }
    fclose(fp);
    printf("保存成功，已保存至當(dāng)前目錄下的‘WorkerSalaryInfo.txt'文件中");
}

void menu()
{
    printf("\t\t\t\t\t                                               \n");
    printf("\t\t\t\t\t▔▔▔▔▔▔▔歡迎進(jìn)入工資管理系統(tǒng)▔▔▔▔▔▔▔\n");
    printf("\t\t\t\t\t1.錄入職工每個(gè)月的工資信息                    \n");
    printf("\t\t\t\t\t2.按姓名查找某個(gè)員工各月的工資                \n");
    printf("\t\t\t\t\t3.按姓名查找某個(gè)職工的某個(gè)月的工資            \n");
    printf("\t\t\t\t\t4.修改某個(gè)職工某個(gè)月的工資                    \n");
    printf("\t\t\t\t\t5.刪除某個(gè)職工的相關(guān)信息                         \n");
    printf("\t\t\t\t\t6.插入職工工資信息                            \n");
    printf("\t\t\t\t\t7.統(tǒng)計(jì)某個(gè)職工年度總工資                        \n");
    printf("\t\t\t\t\t8.對職工的年度總工資進(jìn)行從小到大排名            \n");
    printf("\t\t\t\t\t9.輸出所有職工工資信息                        \n");
    printf("\t\t\t\t\t10、將所有職工的工資信息保存至文件            \n");
    printf("\t\t\t\t\t0.退出                                    \n");
    printf("\t\t\t\t\t▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁謝謝使用▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁\n");
}

int main()
{
    int item, n, m; //item用于接收輸入的命令，n用于接收輸入的職工人數(shù)
    float s;
    char nam[10];
    Worker *L = (Worker*)malloc(sizeof(Worker));
    L->next=NULL;
    do
    {
        system("cls"); 
        menu();
        printf("\n請輸入相應(yīng)的數(shù)字，進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的操作:\n");
        scanf("%d", &item);
        switch (item)
        {
        case 1:
            printf("請輸入您要錄入的職工人數(shù):");
            scanf("%d", &n);
            L = CreateList(L, n);
            getchar();
            printf("\n請按任意鍵返回主菜單\n");
            getchar();
            break;
        case 2:
            printf("請輸入您要查找的職工姓名:");
            scanf("%s", &nam);
            LIstSearch(L, nam);
            getchar();
            printf("\n請按任意鍵返回主菜單\n");
            getchar();
            break;
        case 3:
            printf("請輸入您要查找的職工的姓名:");
            scanf("%s", &nam);
            printf("請輸入您要查找該職工第幾個(gè)月的工資(1到12):");
            scanf("%d", &m);
            SearchMonthSalary(L, nam, m);
            getchar();
            printf("\n請按任意鍵返回主菜單\n");
            getchar();
            break;
        case 4:
            printf("請輸入您要修改的職工姓名:");
            scanf("%s", &nam);
            printf("\n請輸入您要修改的月份:");
            scanf("%d", &m);
            printf("\n請輸入您修改后的數(shù)據(jù):");
            scanf("%f", &s);
            Modify(L, nam, m, s);
            getchar();
            printf("\n請按任意鍵返回主菜單\n");
            getchar();
            break;
        case 5:
            printf("請輸入您要刪除的職工姓名:");
            scanf("%s", &nam);
            DeleteList(L, nam);
            getchar();
            printf("\n請按任意鍵返回主菜單\n");
            getchar();
            break;
        case 6:
            InsertInfo(L);
            getchar();
            printf("\n請按任意鍵返回主菜單\n");
            getchar();
            break;
        case 7:
            printf("請輸入您要查詢的職工姓名:");
            scanf("%s",&nam);
            StatiTotal(L,nam);
            getchar();
            printf("\n請按任意鍵返回主菜單\n");
            getchar();
            break;
        case 8:
            Bubble_sort(L);
            getchar();
            printf("\n請按任意鍵返回主菜單\n");
            getchar();
            break;
        case 9:
            printf("全部職工的信息如下:\n\n");
            Print(L);
            getchar();
            printf("\n請按任意鍵返回主菜單\n");
            getchar();
            break;
        case 10:
            Save(L);
            getchar();
            printf("\n請按任意鍵返回主菜單\n");
            getchar();
            break;
        case 0:
            printf("謝謝您使用工資管理系統(tǒng)，即將退出工資管理系統(tǒng).....");
            exit(0);
            break;
        }
        printf("\n\n\n\n");
    } while (item);
    return 0;
}

部分運(yùn)行結(jié)果截圖：

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