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這篇文章給大家分享的是有關(guān)C#網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程中常用特性有哪些的內(nèi)容。小編覺得挺實用的，因此分享給大家做個參考，一起跟隨小編過來看看吧。
委托是C#語言中特有的概念，相當(dāng)于C/C++中的函數(shù)指針，與C/C++中函數(shù)指針的不同之處是：委托是面向?qū)ο蟮?、類型安全的和保險的，是引用類型。因此，對委托的使用要
“先定義、后聲明，接著實例化、然后作為參數(shù)傳遞給方法，最后才能使用”。
delegate void SomeDelegate(type1 para1,......typen paran);
SomeDelegate d;
d=new SomeDelegate(obj.InstanceMethod);
其中obj是對象，InstanceMethod是它的實例方法。
someMethod(d);
private void someMethod(SomeDelegate someDelegate)
{
.....
//使用委托
someDelegate(arg1,arg2,....,argn);
......
}通過委托SomeDelegate實現(xiàn)對方法InstanceMethod的調(diào)用，調(diào)用還必須有一個前提條件：方法InstanceMethod有參數(shù)且和定義SomeDelegate的參數(shù)一致，并且返回類型相同（本例中為void）。方法InstanceMethod的定義：
private void InstanceMethod(type1 para1,type2 para2,......,typen paran)
{
//方法體
.....
}委托的實例化中的參數(shù)既可以是實例方法，也可以是靜態(tài)方法。
使用委托實現(xiàn)“文字抄寫員”的小程序，界面如下：
在下方文本框中編輯文字，勾選“書寫到”組框中的“文本區(qū)1”和（或）“文本區(qū)2”復(fù)選框后單擊“提交”按鈕，程序會自動將文本框中的文字“抄寫”到對應(yīng)的用戶勾選的文本區(qū)中去。
代碼實現(xiàn)如下：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace DelegateDemo
{
public partial class FrmMain : Form
{
public FrmMain()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
//1、定義委托
private delegate void WriteToTextBox(string strTxt);
//2、聲明委托
private WriteToTextBox writeToTextBox;
/// <summary>
/// 提交
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void btn_OK_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (chbOne.Checked)
{
gbJobOne.Text = "運行中......";
gbJobOne.Refresh();
txtJobOne.Clear();
//3、實例化委托
writeToTextBox = new WriteToTextBox(WriteTextBox1);
//4、將委托作為方法的參數(shù)進(jìn)行傳遞
WriteText(writeToTextBox);
gbJobOne.Text = "任務(wù)1完成";
}
if (chbTwo.Checked)
{
gbJobTwo.Text = "運行中......";
gbJobTwo.Refresh();
txtJobTwo.Clear();
//3、實例化委托
writeToTextBox = new WriteToTextBox(WriteTextBox2);
//4、將委托作為方法的參數(shù)進(jìn)行傳遞
WriteText(writeToTextBox);
gbJobTwo.Text = "任務(wù)2完成";
}
}
private void WriteText(WriteToTextBox writeMethod)
{
string strData = this.txt_Input.Text;
writeMethod(strData);
}
private void WriteTextBox1(string strTxt)
{
this.txtJobOne.Text = strTxt;
}
private void WriteTextBox2(string strTxt)
{
this.txtJobTwo.Text = strTxt;
}
/// <summary>
/// 窗體加載事件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void FrmMain_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//設(shè)置文本框獲取焦點
this.ActiveControl = this.txt_Input;
//this.txt_Input.Focus();
}
}
}多線程的具體介紹請參考博文：http://kemok4.com/article/238731.htm
使用多線程實現(xiàn)上一節(jié)的程序，代碼如下：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Threading;//引入多線程的命名空間
namespace DelegateDemo
{
public partial class FrmMain : Form
{
public FrmMain()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
//1、定義委托
private delegate void WriteToTextBox(string strTxt);
//2、聲明委托
private WriteToTextBox writeToTextBox;
/// <summary>
/// 提交
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void btn_OK_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//創(chuàng)建線程1
Thread thread1 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(ExecuteTsk1));
//啟動線程1
thread1.Start();
//創(chuàng)建線程2
Thread thread2 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(ExecuteTsk2));
//啟動線程2
thread2.Start();
}
private void ExecuteTsk1()
{
if (chbOne.Checked)
{
gbJobOne.Text = "運行中......";
gbJobOne.Refresh();
txtJobOne.Clear();
//3、實例化委托
writeToTextBox = new WriteToTextBox(WriteTextBox1);
//4、將委托作為方法的參數(shù)進(jìn)行傳遞
WriteText(writeToTextBox);
gbJobOne.Text = "任務(wù)1完成";
}
}
private void ExecuteTsk2()
{
if (chbTwo.Checked)
{
gbJobTwo.Text = "運行中......";
gbJobTwo.Refresh();
txtJobTwo.Clear();
//3、實例化委托
writeToTextBox = new WriteToTextBox(WriteTextBox2);
//4、將委托作為方法的參數(shù)進(jìn)行傳遞
WriteText(writeToTextBox);
gbJobTwo.Text = "任務(wù)2完成";
}
}
private void WriteText(WriteToTextBox writeMethod)
{
string strData = this.txt_Input.Text;
writeMethod(strData);
}
private void WriteTextBox1(string strTxt)
{
this.txtJobOne.Text = strTxt;
}
private void WriteTextBox2(string strTxt)
{
this.txtJobTwo.Text = strTxt;
}
/// <summary>
/// 窗體加載事件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void FrmMain_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//設(shè)置文本框獲取焦點
this.ActiveControl = this.txt_Input;
//允許跨線程調(diào)用
Control.CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = false;
}
}
}C#回調(diào)的具體介紹請參照博文：http://kemok4.com/article/238731.htm#_label3
使用委托、多線程和C#的方法回調(diào)機(jī)制實現(xiàn)上一節(jié)的程序，代碼如下：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Threading;//引入多線程的命名空間
namespace DelegateDemo
{
public partial class FrmMain : Form
{
public FrmMain()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
//1、定義委托
private delegate void WriteToTextBox(string strTxt);
//2、聲明委托
private WriteToTextBox writeToTextBox;
//定義并聲明操作文本區(qū)1的回調(diào)
private delegate void WriteTxtJobOneCallBack(string strValue);
WriteTxtJobOneCallBack writeTxtJobOneCallBack;
//定義并聲明操作文本區(qū)2的回調(diào)
private delegate void WriteTxtJobTwoCallBack(string strValue);
WriteTxtJobOneCallBack writeTxtJobTwoCallBack;
//定義并聲明操作"任務(wù)1"分組框的回調(diào)
private delegate void ShowGroupOneCallBack(string strValue);
ShowGroupOneCallBack showGroupOneCallBack;
//定義并聲明操作"任務(wù)2"分組框的回調(diào)
private delegate void ShowGroupTwoCallBack(string strValue);
ShowGroupOneCallBack showGroupTwoCallBack;
/// <summary>
/// 提交
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void btn_OK_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//創(chuàng)建線程1
Thread thread1 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(ExecuteTsk1));
//啟動線程1
thread1.Start();
//創(chuàng)建線程2
Thread thread2 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(ExecuteTsk2));
//啟動線程2
thread2.Start();
}
private void ExecuteTsk1()
{
if (chbOne.Checked)
{
//3、實例化委托
writeToTextBox = new WriteToTextBox(WriteTextBox1);
//4、將委托作為方法的參數(shù)進(jìn)行傳遞
WriteText(writeToTextBox);
//使用回調(diào)
this.gbJobOne.Invoke(showGroupOneCallBack, "任務(wù)1");
}
}
private void ExecuteTsk2()
{
if (chbTwo.Checked)
{
//3、實例化委托
writeToTextBox = new WriteToTextBox(WriteTextBox2);
//4、將委托作為方法的參數(shù)進(jìn)行傳遞
WriteText(writeToTextBox);
//使用回調(diào)
this.gbJobTwo.Invoke(showGroupTwoCallBack, "任務(wù)2");
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 執(zhí)行自定義委托
/// </summary>
/// <param name="writeMethod"></param>
private void WriteText(WriteToTextBox writeMethod)
{
string strData = this.txt_Input.Text;
writeMethod(strData);
}
/// <summary>
/// 給文本區(qū)1賦值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strTxt"></param>
private void WriteTextBox1(string strTxt)
{
//使用回調(diào)
this.txtJobOne.Invoke(writeTxtJobOneCallBack, strTxt);
}
/// <summary>
/// 給文本區(qū)2賦值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strTxt"></param>
private void WriteTextBox2(string strTxt)
{
//使用回調(diào)
this.txtJobTwo.Invoke(writeTxtJobTwoCallBack, strTxt);
}
/// <summary>
/// 窗體加載事件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void FrmMain_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//設(shè)置文本框獲取焦點
this.ActiveControl = this.txt_Input;
//實例化回調(diào)
writeTxtJobOneCallBack = new WriteTxtJobOneCallBack(WriteToTextJobOne);
writeTxtJobTwoCallBack = new WriteTxtJobOneCallBack(WriteToTextJobTwo);
showGroupOneCallBack = new ShowGroupOneCallBack(ShowGroupOne);
showGroupTwoCallBack = new ShowGroupOneCallBack(ShowGroupTwo);
}
/// <summary>
/// 操作文本區(qū)1的回調(diào)要執(zhí)行的方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strValue"></param>
private void WriteToTextJobOne(string strValue)
{
this.txtJobOne.Text = strValue;
}
/// <summary>
/// 操作文本區(qū)2的回調(diào)要執(zhí)行的方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strValue"></param>
private void WriteToTextJobTwo(string strValue)
{
this.txtJobTwo.Text = strValue;
}
/// <summary>
/// 操作"任務(wù)1"分組框的回調(diào)要執(zhí)行的方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strValue"></param>
private void ShowGroupOne(string strValue)
{
this.gbJobOne.Text = strValue;
}
/// <summary>
/// 操作"任務(wù)2"分組框的回調(diào)要執(zhí)行的方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strValue"></param>
private void ShowGroupTwo(string strValue)
{
this.gbJobTwo.Text = strValue;
}
}
}感謝各位的閱讀！關(guān)于“C#網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程中常用特性有哪些”這篇文章就分享到這里了，希望以上內(nèi)容可以對大家有一定的幫助，讓大家可以學(xué)到更多知識，如果覺得文章不錯，可以把它分享出去讓更多的人看到吧！
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