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這篇文章主要為大家展示了“怎么用Python實現(xiàn)雪夜煙花景”,內(nèi)容簡而易懂,條理清晰,希望能夠幫助大家解決疑惑,下面讓小編帶領(lǐng)大家一起研究并學習一下“怎么用Python實現(xiàn)雪夜煙花景”這篇文章吧。
運行效果:
什么?你說你看不清煙花?那我換一種顏色,請點開看。
準備工作
使用語言和框架:python、pygame。
安裝pygame:
pip install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/ --trusted-host pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn pygame
你需要知道的基礎(chǔ)知識
首先,pygame渲染是同步的,所以同屏渲染的點過多之后,就會造成卡頓的情況。
其次,pygame的代碼邏輯是,周期性渲染一系列的屏,從而產(chǎn)生連續(xù)的動畫。
你需要掌握的框架基礎(chǔ)知識:
import pygame pygame.init() pygame.mixer.init() pygame.font.init()
獲取字體
myfont = pygame.font.SysFont('simHei', 30) textsurface = myfont.render(a[i], False, random_color(150, 255)) screen.blit(textsurface, (80, 30))
畫圈
pygame.draw.circle(screen, (snow_list[i][4], snow_list[i][5], snow_list[i][6]), snow_list[i][:2], snow_list[i][3] - 3)
加載背景音樂
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(bg_size) pygame.display.set_caption("新年快樂") bg = pygame.image.load(bg_img) pygame.mixer.music.load('D:\\CloudMusic\\小時姑娘 - 霞光-《精靈世紀》片尾曲.mp3')
基礎(chǔ)架子
首先,需要實現(xiàn)一個基礎(chǔ)的事件循環(huán)的架子,如下:
def main(): global show_n global fk_list bg_size = (WIN_W, WIN_H) screen = pygame.display.set_mode(bg_size) pygame.display.set_caption("新年快樂") pygame.mixer.music.load('D:\\CloudMusic\\小時姑娘 - 霞光-《精靈世紀》片尾曲.mp3') font_values = ['新年快樂'] grand_has = set() clock = pygame.time.Clock() while True: if not pygame.mixer.music.get_busy(): pygame.mixer.music.play() for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: exit() screen.fill((0, 0, 0)) ... ... pygame.display.update() time_passed = clock.tick(50) if __name__ == '__main__': main()
現(xiàn)在,需要實現(xiàn)下雪的過程,首先,考慮定義定義一堆初始化的下雪點
def init_xue(bg_size): snow_list = [] for i in range(200): x_site = random.randrange(0, bg_size[0]) # 雪花圓心位置 y_site = random.randrange(0, bg_size[1]) # 雪花圓心位置 X_shift = random.randint(-1, 1) # x 軸偏移量 radius = random.randint(4, 6) # 半徑和 y 周下降量 xxxxx = random_color(150, 255) snow_list.append([x_site, y_site, X_shift, radius, 255, 255, 255]) return snow_list
然后實現(xiàn)渲染雪的過程
def draw_xue(snow_list: [], screen, bg_size: [], grand_has: set, grand_list: []): # 雪花列表循環(huán) # todo 空中的雪 for i in range(len(snow_list)): # 繪制雪花,顏色、位置、大小 pygame.draw.circle(screen, (snow_list[i][4], snow_list[i][5], snow_list[i][6]), snow_list[i][:2], snow_list[i][3] - 3) # 移動雪花位置(下一次循環(huán)起效) snow_list[i][0] += snow_list[i][2] snow_list[i][1] += snow_list[i][3] # 如果雪花落出屏幕,重設(shè)位置 if snow_list[i][1] > bg_size[1]: # tmp = [] snow_list[i][1] = random.randrange(-50, -10) snow_list[i][0] = random.randrange(0, bg_size[0]) x = snow_list[i][0] y = bg_size[1] while (grand_has.__contains__(x * 10000 + y)): y = y - snow_list[i][3] grand_has.add(x * 10000 + y) grand_list.append( [x, y, snow_list[i][2], snow_list[i][3], snow_list[i][4], snow_list[i][5], snow_list[i][6]])
集成到上面的架子中,效果如下:
不過目前的下雪沒有質(zhì)感,可以考慮在底部堆一些雪,只需要在雪落到地上做特判即可。
在前面的下雪過程的代碼中,我們維護了一個Grand_list的數(shù)組,目的就是維護堆雪的效果
min_height = 100000 # todo 地上的積雪 for i in range(len(grand_list)): if grand_list[i][0] < 375: min_height = min(min_height, grand_list[i][1])
然后進入維護程序:
draw_xue(snow_list, screen, bg_size, grand_has, grand_list)
最后再將雪畫出來
for i in range(len(grand_list)): pygame.draw.circle(screen, (grand_list[i][4], grand_list[i][5], grand_list[i][6]), grand_list[i][:2], grand_list[i][3] - 3)
效果圖如上。
首先定義出煙花類:
class Fireworks(): is_show = False x, y = 0, 0 vy = 0 p_list = [] color = [0, 0, 0] v = 0 def __init__(self, x, y, vy, n=300, color=[0, 255, 0], v=10): self.x = x self.y = y self.vy = vy self.color = color self.v = v for i in range(n): self.p_list.append([random.random() * 2 * math.pi, 0, v * math.pow(random.random(), 1 / 3)]) def run(self): global show_n for p in self.p_list: p[1] = p[1] + (random.random() * 0.6 + 0.7) * p[2] p[2] = p[2] * 0.97 if p[2] < 1.2: self.color[0] *= 0.9999 self.color[1] *= 0.9999 self.color[2] *= 0.9999 if max(self.color) < 10 or self.y > WIN_H + p[1]: show_n -= 1 self.is_show = False break self.vy += 10 * t1 self.y += self.vy * t1
然后,我們需要畫出煙花釋放前上升的過程點,這部分與下雪的初始化差不多。
def init_yanhua(bg_size): yanhua_list = [] for i in range(5): x_site = random.randrange(0, WIN_W) # 雪花圓心位置 y_site = WIN_H # 雪花圓心位置 X_shift = 0 # x 軸偏移量 radius = random.randint(6, 10) # 半徑和 y 周上升降量 xxxxx = random_color(150, 255) red = xxxxx[0] green = xxxxx[1] blue = xxxxx[2] yanhua_list.append([x_site, y_site, X_shift, radius, red, green, blue]) return yanhua_list
然后是畫上升過程
def draw_yanhua(yanhua_list: [], screen, bg_size: []): global fk_list for i in range(len(yanhua_list)): # 繪制雪花,顏色、位置、大小 pygame.draw.circle(screen, (yanhua_list[i][4], yanhua_list[i][5], yanhua_list[i][6]), yanhua_list[i][:2], yanhua_list[i][3] - 3) yanhua_list[i][0] += yanhua_list[i][2] yanhua_list[i][1] -= yanhua_list[i][3] if yanhua_list[i][1] <= 0: # tmp = [] yanhua_list[i][1] = WIN_H yanhua_list[i][0] = random.randrange(0, bg_size[0]) if yanhua_list[i][1] <= random.randint(200, 400): # todo 放煙花 fk = Fireworks(yanhua_list[i][0], yanhua_list[i][1], -20, n=300, color=red_random(1, 150), v=10) fk_list.append(fk) yanhua_list[i][1] = WIN_H yanhua_list[i][0] = random.randrange(0, bg_size[0])
效果圖如下:
圈出來的就是上升過程的煙花。
最后就是綻放部分,其實在上升過程的代碼中有維護,如果超過某個隨機高度,就會生成一個煙花,只是沒有渲染,現(xiàn)在我們把渲染加上。
for fk in fk_list: fk.run() for p in fk.p_list: x, y = fk.x + p[1] * math.cos(p[0]), fk.y + p[1] * math.sin(p[0]) if random.random() < 0.055: screen.set_at((int(x), int(y)), (255, 255, 255)) else: screen.set_at((int(x), int(y)), (int(fk.color[0]), int(fk.color[1]), int(fk.color[2]))) tmp = [] for fk in fk_list: for p in fk.p_list: x, y = fk.x + p[1] * math.cos(p[0]), fk.y + p[1] * math.sin(p[0]) if y < WIN_H - 1000: tmp.append(fk) break fk_list = tmp
最終的運行效果就如最頂上的效果一樣。
將上述過程進行組合,結(jié)果如下,感興趣的朋友可以按自己的需求進行優(yōu)化。
import pygame import random import math pygame.init() pygame.mixer.init() pygame.font.init() WIN_W = 2200 WIN_H = 1300 t1 = 0.18 # 時間流速 show_n = 0 show_frequency = 0.0015 # 煙花綻放頻率,數(shù)值越大頻率越高 color_list = [ [255, 0, 0] ] yanhua_map = {} fk_list = [] class Fireworks(): is_show = False x, y = 0, 0 vy = 0 p_list = [] color = [0, 0, 0] v = 0 def __init__(self, x, y, vy, n=300, color=[0, 255, 0], v=10): self.x = x self.y = y self.vy = vy self.color = color self.v = v for i in range(n): self.p_list.append([random.random() * 2 * math.pi, 0, v * math.pow(random.random(), 1 / 3)]) def run(self): global show_n for p in self.p_list: p[1] = p[1] + (random.random() * 0.6 + 0.7) * p[2] p[2] = p[2] * 0.97 if p[2] < 1.2: self.color[0] *= 0.9999 self.color[1] *= 0.9999 self.color[2] *= 0.9999 if max(self.color) < 10 or self.y > WIN_H + p[1]: show_n -= 1 self.is_show = False break self.vy += 10 * t1 self.y += self.vy * t1 def random_color(l, r): return [random.randint(l, r), random.randint(l, r), random.randint(l, r)] def red_random(l, r): return [255, random.randint(l, r), random.randint(l, r)] def init_yanhua(bg_size): yanhua_list = [] for i in range(5): x_site = random.randrange(0, WIN_W) # 雪花圓心位置 y_site = WIN_H # 雪花圓心位置 X_shift = 0 # x 軸偏移量 radius = random.randint(6, 10) # 半徑和 y 周上升降量 xxxxx = random_color(150, 255) red = xxxxx[0] green = xxxxx[1] blue = xxxxx[2] yanhua_list.append([x_site, y_site, X_shift, radius, red, green, blue]) return yanhua_list def init_xue(bg_size): snow_list = [] for i in range(200): x_site = random.randrange(0, bg_size[0]) # 雪花圓心位置 y_site = random.randrange(0, bg_size[1]) # 雪花圓心位置 X_shift = random.randint(-1, 1) # x 軸偏移量 radius = random.randint(4, 6) # 半徑和 y 周下降量 xxxxx = random_color(150, 255) # red = xxxxx[0] # green = xxxxx[1] # blue = xxxxx[2] snow_list.append([x_site, y_site, X_shift, radius, 255, 255, 255]) return snow_list def draw_xue(snow_list: [], screen, bg_size: [], grand_has: set, grand_list: []): # 雪花列表循環(huán) # todo 空中的雪 for i in range(len(snow_list)): # 繪制雪花,顏色、位置、大小 pygame.draw.circle(screen, (snow_list[i][4], snow_list[i][5], snow_list[i][6]), snow_list[i][:2], snow_list[i][3] - 3) # 移動雪花位置(下一次循環(huán)起效) snow_list[i][0] += snow_list[i][2] snow_list[i][1] += snow_list[i][3] # 如果雪花落出屏幕,重設(shè)位置 if snow_list[i][1] > bg_size[1]: # tmp = [] snow_list[i][1] = random.randrange(-50, -10) snow_list[i][0] = random.randrange(0, bg_size[0]) x = snow_list[i][0] y = bg_size[1] while (grand_has.__contains__(x * 10000 + y)): y = y - snow_list[i][3] grand_has.add(x * 10000 + y) grand_list.append( [x, y, snow_list[i][2], snow_list[i][3], snow_list[i][4], snow_list[i][5], snow_list[i][6]]) def draw_yanhua(yanhua_list: [], screen, bg_size: []): global fk_list for i in range(len(yanhua_list)): # 繪制雪花,顏色、位置、大小 pygame.draw.circle(screen, (yanhua_list[i][4], yanhua_list[i][5], yanhua_list[i][6]), yanhua_list[i][:2], yanhua_list[i][3] - 3) # 移動雪花位置(下一次循環(huán)起效) yanhua_list[i][0] += yanhua_list[i][2] yanhua_list[i][1] -= yanhua_list[i][3] # 如果雪花落出屏幕,重設(shè)位置 if yanhua_list[i][1] <= 0: # tmp = [] yanhua_list[i][1] = WIN_H yanhua_list[i][0] = random.randrange(0, bg_size[0]) if yanhua_list[i][1] <= random.randint(200, 400): # todo 放煙花 fk = Fireworks(yanhua_list[i][0], yanhua_list[i][1], -20, n=300, color=red_random(1, 150), v=10) fk_list.append(fk) yanhua_list[i][1] = WIN_H yanhua_list[i][0] = random.randrange(0, bg_size[0]) def show_shi(a: list, n, screen): i = 2 * n - 1 j = 2 * n if i >= len(a): i = len(a) - 2 j = len(a) - 1 if i >= 0: myfont = pygame.font.SysFont('simHei', 30) textsurface = myfont.render(a[i], False, random_color(150, 255)) screen.blit(textsurface, (WIN_W / 2, 30)) if j >= 0: myfont = pygame.font.SysFont('simHei', 100) textsurface = myfont.render(a[j], False, red_random(1, 1)) screen.blit(textsurface, (WIN_W / 2 - 200, 50)) def main(): global show_n global fk_list bg_size = (WIN_W, WIN_H) screen = pygame.display.set_mode(bg_size) # bg_img = "./1.png" pygame.display.set_caption("新年快樂") # bg = pygame.image.load(bg_img) pygame.mixer.music.load('D:\\CloudMusic\\小時姑娘 - 霞光-《精靈世紀》片尾曲.mp3') grand_list = [] font_values = ['新年快樂'] grand_has = set() clock = pygame.time.Clock() yanhua_list = init_yanhua(bg_size) snow_list = init_xue(bg_size) # 游戲主循環(huán) while True: if not pygame.mixer.music.get_busy(): pygame.mixer.music.play() for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: exit() screen.fill((0, 0, 0)) draw_yanhua(yanhua_list, screen, bg_size) if len(fk_list) != 0: print(len(fk_list)) # # 放煙花 show_shi(font_values, 0, screen) for fk in fk_list: fk.run() for p in fk.p_list: x, y = fk.x + p[1] * math.cos(p[0]), fk.y + p[1] * math.sin(p[0]) if random.random() < 0.055: screen.set_at((int(x), int(y)), (255, 255, 255)) else: screen.set_at((int(x), int(y)), (int(fk.color[0]), int(fk.color[1]), int(fk.color[2]))) tmp = [] for fk in fk_list: for p in fk.p_list: x, y = fk.x + p[1] * math.cos(p[0]), fk.y + p[1] * math.sin(p[0]) if y < WIN_H - 1000: tmp.append(fk) break fk_list = tmp min_height = 100000 # todo 地上的積雪 for i in range(len(grand_list)): if grand_list[i][0] < 375: min_height = min(min_height, grand_list[i][1]) draw_xue(snow_list, screen, bg_size, grand_has, grand_list) for i in range(len(grand_list)): pygame.draw.circle(screen, (grand_list[i][4], grand_list[i][5], grand_list[i][6]), grand_list[i][:2], grand_list[i][3] - 3) pygame.display.update() time_passed = clock.tick(50) if __name__ == '__main__': main()
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