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本篇內(nèi)容主要講解“怎么用NodeJS+MongoDB+AngularJS+Bootstrap開發(fā)書店”，感興趣的朋友不妨來看看。本文介紹的方法操作簡單快捷，實(shí)用性強(qiáng)。下面就讓小編來帶大家學(xué)習(xí)“怎么用NodeJS+MongoDB+AngularJS+Bootstrap開發(fā)書店”吧!
示例名稱：天狗書店
功能：完成前后端分離的圖書管理功能，總結(jié)前端學(xué)習(xí)過的內(nèi)容。
技術(shù)：NodeJS、Express、Monk、MongoDB、AngularJS、BootStrap、跨域
一、Bootstrap
Bootstrap是一個(gè)UI框架，它支持響應(yīng)式布局，在PC端與移動端都表現(xiàn)不錯(cuò)。
Bootstrap是Twitter推出的一款簡潔、直觀、強(qiáng)悍的前端開發(fā)框架。
Bootstrap中包含了豐富的Web組件，根據(jù)這些組件，可以快速的搭建一個(gè)漂亮、功能完備的網(wǎng)站。
1.1、添加引用
也可使用包管理器也可以去官網(wǎng)下載后添加引用。
1.2、在頁面中使用BootStrap
添加CSS引用：
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="js/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" />
添加JavaScript引用：
<script src="http://libs.baidu.com/jquery/2.0.0/jquery.min.js"></script><script src="js/bootstrap/dist/js/bootstrap.min.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
在頁面中引用BootStrap定義好的樣式
<!DOCTYPE html><html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>bootstrap</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="js/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" /> </head> <body> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="row"> <div class="jumbotron"> <h2>Hello, world!</h2> <p>This is a simple hero unit, a simple jumbotron-style component for calling extra attention to featured content or information</p> <p> <a class="btn btn-primary btn-lg" href="#" role="button">Learn more</a> </p> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default">默認(rèn)</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">主要</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-success">成功</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-info">信息</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-warning">警告</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger">錯(cuò)誤</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-link">鏈接</button> </div> <div class="col-md-6"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-lg">默認(rèn)</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default">默認(rèn)</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-sm">默認(rèn)</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-xs">默認(rèn)</button> </div> </div> </div> <script src="http://libs.baidu.com/jquery/2.0.0/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="js/bootstrap/dist/js/bootstrap.min.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script> </body></html>
1.3、可視化布局
二、使用MongoDB創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫
2.1、啟動MongoDB數(shù)據(jù)庫
數(shù)據(jù)庫的具體安裝、配置在前面的章節(jié)中已經(jīng)講解過，可以參考。
如果服務(wù)與配置都沒有完成的話可以啟動：C:/Program Files/MongoDB/Server/3.4/bin/mongod.exe
2.2、啟動數(shù)據(jù)庫GUI管理工具
2.3、創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫與集合
在localhost上右鍵“create database”創(chuàng)建名稱為BookStore的數(shù)據(jù)庫。
創(chuàng)建一個(gè)用于存放圖書的集合名稱為books。
在集合中添加5本圖書。
db.getCollection('books').insert({id:201701,title:"使用AlarJS開發(fā)下一代應(yīng)用程序",picture:"b1.jpg",price:55.0,author:"brad green"});三、創(chuàng)建一個(gè)Express項(xiàng)目
這里使用Eclipse（HBuilder）為開發(fā)工具，添加Nodeclipse插件，新增一個(gè)Express項(xiàng)目：
3.1、創(chuàng)建app.js
/** * Module dependencies. */var express = require('express') , routes = require('./routes') , books = require('./routes/books') , http = require('http') , path = require('path');var app = express();// all environmentsapp.set('port', process.env.PORT || 3000);app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');app.set('view engine', 'ejs');app.use(express.favicon());app.use(express.logger('dev'));app.use(express.bodyParser());app.use(express.methodOverride());app.use(app.router);app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname, 'public')));// development onlyif ('development' == app.get('env')) { app.use(express.errorHandler());}app.get('/', books.list);app.get('/books', books.list);http.createServer(app).listen(app.get('port'), function(){ console.log('Express server listening on port ' + app.get('port'));});四、Monk訪問MongoDB數(shù)據(jù)庫
monk是NodeJS平臺下訪問MongoDB數(shù)據(jù)庫的一個(gè)模塊。monk訪問MongoDB更加方便比NodeJS直接訪問。
4.1、創(chuàng)建連接
const monk = require('monk')// Connection URLconst url = 'localhost:27017/myproject';const db = monk(url);db.then(() => { console.log('Connected correctly to server')})4.2、插入數(shù)據(jù)
const url = 'localhost:27017/myproject'; // Connection URLconst db = require('monk')(url);const collection = db.get('document')collection.insert([{a: 1}, {a: 2}, {a: 3}]) .then((docs) => { // docs contains the documents inserted with added **_id** fields // Inserted 3 documents into the document collection }).catch((err) => { // An error happened while inserting }).then(() => db.close())users.insert({ woot: 'foo' })users.insert([{ woot: 'bar' }, { woot: 'baz' }])4.3、更新數(shù)據(jù)
const url = 'localhost:27017/myproject'; // Connection URLconst db = require('monk')(url);const collection = db.get('document')collection.insert([{a: 1}, {a: 2}, {a: 3}]) .then((docs) => { // Inserted 3 documents into the document collection }) .then(() => { return collection.update({ a: 2 }, { $set: { b: 1 } }) }) .then((result) => { // Updated the document with the field a equal to 2 }) .then(() => db.close())users.update({name: 'foo'}, {name: 'bar'})4.4、刪除數(shù)據(jù)
const url = 'localhost:27017/myproject'; // Connection URLconst db = require('monk')(url);const collection = db.get('document')collection.insert([{a: 1}, {a: 2}, {a: 3}]) .then((docs) => { // Inserted 3 documents into the document collection }) .then(() => collection.update({ a: 2 }, { $set: { b: 1 } })) .then((result) => { // Updated the document with the field a equal to 2 }) .then(() => { return collection.remove({ a: 3}) }).then((result) => { // Deleted the document with the field a equal to 3 }) .then(() => db.close())users.remove({ woot: 'foo' })4.5、查找數(shù)據(jù)
const url = 'localhost:27017/myproject'; // Connection URLconst db = require('monk')(url);const collection = db.get('document')collection.insert([{a: 1}, {a: 2}, {a: 3}]) .then((docs) => { // Inserted 3 documents into the document collection }) .then(() => collection.update({ a: 2 }, { $set: { b: 1 } })) .then((result) => { // Updated the document with the field a equal to 2 }) .then(() => collection.remove({ a: 3})) .then((result) => { // Deleted the document with the field a equal to 3 }) .then(() => { return collection.find() }) .then((docs) => { // docs === [{ a: 1 }, { a: 2, b: 1 }] }) .then(() => db.close())users.find({}).then((docs) => {})users.find({}, 'name').then((docs) => { // only the name field will be selected})users.find({}, { fields: { name: 1 } }) // equivalentusers.find({}, '-name').then((docs) => { // all the fields except the name field will be selected})users.find({}, { fields: { name: 0 } }) // equivalentusers.find({}, { rawCursor: true }).then((cursor) => { // raw mongo cursor})users.find({}).each((user, {close, pause, resume}) => { // the users are streaming here // call `close()` to stop the stream}).then(() => { // stream is over})//創(chuàng)建的數(shù)據(jù)庫var monk = require('monk')var db = monk('localhost:27017/bookstore')//讀取數(shù)據(jù)：var monk = require('monk')var db = monk('localhost:27017/monk-demo')var books = db.get('books') books.find({}, function(err, docs) { console.log(docs)})//插入數(shù)據(jù)：books.insert({"name":"orange book","description":"just so so"})//查找數(shù)據(jù)：books.find({"name":"apple book"}, function(err, docs) { console.log(docs)})復(fù)制代碼五、創(chuàng)建Rest后臺服務(wù)在routes目錄下增加的books.js文件內(nèi)容如下：復(fù)制代碼/* * 使用monk訪問mongodb * 以rest的方式向前臺提供服務(wù) *///依賴monk模塊var monk = require('monk');//連接并打開數(shù)據(jù)庫var db = monk('localhost:27017/BookStore');//從數(shù)據(jù)庫中獲得books集合，類似表，并非所有數(shù)據(jù)， keyvar books = db.get('books');//列出所有的圖書jsonexports.list = function(req, res) { //無條件查找所有的圖書，then是當(dāng)查找完成時(shí)回調(diào)的異步方法 books.find({}).then((docs) => { //返回json給客戶端 res.json(docs); }).then(() => db.close()); //關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫};//獲得最大idexports.getMax=function(req,res){ //找一個(gè)，根據(jù)id降序排序， books.findOne({}, {sort: {id: -1}}).then((bookObj)=>{ res.json(bookObj); }).then(() => db.close());;}//添加圖書exports.add = function(req, res) { //先找到最大的圖書編號 books.findOne({}, {sort: {id: -1}}).then((obj)=>{ //從客戶端發(fā)送到服務(wù)器的圖書對象 var book=req.body; //設(shè)置圖書編號為最大的圖書編號+1 book.id=(parseInt(obj.id)+1)+""; //執(zhí)行添加 books.insert(book).then((docs) => { //返回添加成功的對象 res.json(docs); }).then(() => db.close()); });};//刪除圖書exports.del = function(req, res) { //從路徑中取參數(shù)id,/:id var id=req.params.id; //移除編號為id的圖書 books.remove({"id":id}).then((obj)=>{ //返回移除結(jié)果 res.json(obj); }).then(() => db.close());};//更新exports.update = function(req, res) { //獲得提交給服務(wù)器的json對象 var book=req.body; //執(zhí)行更新,第1個(gè)參數(shù)是要更新的圖書查找條件，第2個(gè)參數(shù)是要更新的對象 books.update({"id":book.id}, book).then((obj)=>{ //返回更新完成后的對象 res.json(obj); }).then(() => db.close());};為了完成跨域請求，修改http頭部信息及路徑映射，app.js文件如下：
var express = require('express'), routes = require('./routes'), books = require('./routes/books'), http = require('http'), path = require('path');var app = express();// all environmentsapp.set('port', process.env.PORT || 3000);app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');app.set('view engine', 'ejs');app.use(express.favicon());app.use(express.logger('dev'));app.use(express.bodyParser());app.use(express.methodOverride());app.use(app.router);app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname, 'public')));app.all('*', function(req, res, next) { res.header("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*"); res.header("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "content-type"); res.header("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "PUT,POST,GET,DELETE,OPTIONS"); res.header("X-Powered-By", ' 3.2.1') res.header("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8"); if(req.method == "OPTIONS") { res.send("200"); } else { next(); }});// development onlyif('development' == app.get('env')) { app.use(express.errorHandler());}app.get('/', books.list);//獲得所有的圖書列表app.get('/books', books.list);//最大的編號app.get('/books/maxid', books.getMax);//添加app.post('/books/book', books.add);//刪除app.delete('/books/id/:id', books.del);//更新app.put('/books/book', books.update);http.createServer(app).listen(app.get('port'), function() { console.log('Express server listening on port ' + app.get('port'));});其它服務(wù)的測試可以使用Fiddler完成。
六、使用AngularJS調(diào)用后臺服務(wù)
這里的UI使用BootStrap完成，前端使用AngularJS調(diào)用NodeJS發(fā)布的服務(wù)，將數(shù)據(jù)存放在MongoDB中。
index.js頁面如下：
<!DOCTYPE html><html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>天狗書店</title> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="favicon.ico" /> <link rel="bookmark" href="favicon.ico" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="js/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" /> <style type="text/css"> .cover { height: 40px; width: auto; } .addBook { padding-top: 10px; } .w100 { width: 50px } .w200 { width: 200px; } .w300 { width: 300px } </style> </head> <body ng-app="bookApp"> <div class="container" ng-controller="BookController"> <div class="row clearfix"> <div class="col-md-12 column"> <nav class="navbar navbar-default" role="navigation"> <div class="navbar-header"> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span></button> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">天狗書店</a> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav"> <li class="active"> <a href="#">前端</a> </li> <li> <a href="#">Java</a> </li> <li> <a href="#">.Net</a> </li> <li class="dropdown"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">更多類型<strong class="caret"></strong></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li> <a href="#">Action</a> </li> <li> <a href="#">Another action</a> </li> <li> <a href="#">Something else here</a> </li> <li class="divider"> </li> <li> <a href="#">Separated link</a> </li> <li class="divider"> </li> <li> <a href="#">One more separated link</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <form class="navbar-form navbar-left" role="search"> <div class="form-group"> <input type="text" class="form-control" /> </div> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">搜索</button> </form> </div> </nav> <div class="row clearfix"> <div class="col-md-12 column"> <div class="carousel slide" id="carousel-519027"> <ol class="carousel-indicators"> <li class="active" data-slide-to="0" data-target="#carousel-519027"> </li> <li data-slide-to="1" data-target="#carousel-519027"> </li> <li data-slide-to="2" data-target="#carousel-519027"> </li> </ol> <div class="carousel-inner"> <div class="item active"> <img alt="" src="img/adv3.jpg" /> <div class="carousel-caption"> </div> </div> <div class="item"> <img alt="" src="img/adv2.jpg" /> <div class="carousel-caption"> </div> </div> <div class="item"> <img alt="" src="img/adv1.jpg" /> <div class="carousel-caption"> <h5> Third Thumbnail label </h5> <p> Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Nullam id dolor id nibh ultricies vehicula ut id elit. </p> </div> </div> </div> <a class="left carousel-control" href="#carousel-519027" data-slide="prev"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-left"></span></a> <a class="right carousel-control" href="#carousel-519027" data-slide="next"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-right"></span></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row clearfix"> <div class="col-md-12 column"> <div class="addBook"> <a id="modal-234446" href="#modal-container-234446" role="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-primary" data-toggle="modal"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus"></span> 新書上架</a> <div class="modal fade" id="modal-container-234446" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="myModalLabel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">×</button> <h5 class="modal-title" id="myModalLabel"> 添加/編輯圖書 </h5> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <form class="form-horizontal" role="form"> <div class="form-group"> <label for="id" class="col-sm-2 control-label">編號</label> <div class="col-sm-10"> <input type="text" class="form-control w100" id="id" ng-model="book.id" ng-readonly="true" /> </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="title" class="col-sm-2 control-label">書名</label> <div class="col-sm-10"> <input type="text" class="form-control w300" id="title" ng-model="book.title" /> </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="picture" class="col-sm-2 control-label">圖片</label> <div class="col-sm-10"> <input type="text" class="form-control w200" id="picture" ng-model="book.picture" /> </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="price" class="col-sm-2 control-label">價(jià)格</label> <div class="col-sm-10"> <input type="text" class="form-control w200" id="price" ng-model="book.price" /> </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="author" class="col-sm-2 control-label">作者</label> <div class="col-sm-10"> <input type="text" class="form-control w200" id="author" ng-model="book.author" /> </div> </div> </form> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button type="button" ng-click="save()" class="btn btn-primary"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-floppy-disk"></span> 保存</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-success" ng-click="clear()" data-dismiss="modal"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-refresh"></span> 清空</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger" data-dismiss="modal"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-remove"></span> 關(guān)閉</button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <table class="table"> <thead> <tr> <th> 序號 </th> <th> 編號 </th> <th> 書名 </th> <th> 圖片 </th> <th> 價(jià)格 </th> <th> 作者 </th> <th> 操作 </th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr ng-repeat="b in books" ng-class="{'info':$odd}"> <td> {{$index+1}} </td> <td> {{b.id}} </td> <td> {{b.title}} </td> <td> <img ng-src="img/{{b.picture}}" class="cover" /> </td> <td> {{b.price | number:1}} </td> <td> {{b.author}} </td> <td> <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger btn-xs" ng-click="del(b.id,$index)">刪除</button> <button href="#modal-container-234446" role="button" class="btn btn-xs btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" ng-click="edit(b)">編輯</button> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> <!--引入angularjs框架--> <script src="js/angular146/angular.min.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script> <script src="js/jQuery1.11.3/jquery-1.11.3.min.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script> <script src="js/bootstrap/dist/js/bootstrap.min.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> //定義模塊，指定依賴項(xiàng)為空 var bookApp = angular.module("bookApp", []); //定義控制器，指定控制器的名稱，$scope是全局對象 bookApp.controller("BookController", ['$scope', '$http', function($scope, $http) { $scope.books = []; $scope.save = function() { $http({ url: "http://127.0.0.1:3000/books/book", data: $scope.book, method: $scope.book.id ? "PUT" : "POST" }) .success(function(data, status, headers, config) { if($scope.book.id) { alert("修改成功"); } else { $scope.books.push(data); } }) .error(function(data, status, headers, config) { alert(status); }); } $scope.edit = function(b) { $scope.book = b; } $scope.clear = function() { $scope.book = {}; } //初始化加載 $http.get("http://127.0.0.1:3000/") .success(function(data, status, headers, config) { $scope.books = data; }) .error(function(data, status, headers, config) { alert(status); }); $scope.del = function(id, index) { $http.delete("http://127.0.0.1:3000/books/id/" + id) .success(function(data, status, headers, config) { $scope.books.splice(index, 1); }) .error(function(data, status, headers, config) { alert(status); }); } }]); </script> </body></html>到此，相信大家對“怎么用NodeJS+MongoDB+AngularJS+Bootstrap開發(fā)書店”有了更深的了解，不妨來實(shí)際操作一番吧！這里是億速云網(wǎng)站，更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容可以進(jìn)入相關(guān)頻道進(jìn)行查詢，關(guān)注我們，繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)！
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