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本篇內(nèi)容介紹了“如何用python實(shí)現(xiàn)記事本功能”的有關(guān)知識(shí),在實(shí)際案例的操作過程中,不少人都會(huì)遇到這樣的困境,接下來就讓小編帶領(lǐng)大家學(xué)習(xí)一下如何處理這些情況吧!希望大家仔細(xì)閱讀,能夠?qū)W有所成!
tkinter 是 Python下面向 tk 的圖形界面接口庫,可以方便地進(jìn)行圖形界面設(shè)計(jì)和交互操作編程。tkinter 的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是簡單易用、與 Python 的結(jié)合度好。tkinter 在 Python 3.x 下默認(rèn)集成,不需要額外的安裝操作;不足之處為缺少合適的可視化界面設(shè)計(jì)工具,需要通過代碼來完成窗口設(shè)計(jì)和元素布局。本例采用的 Python 版本為 3.8,如果想在 python 2.x下使用 tkinter,請先進(jìn)行安裝。需要注意的是,不同 Python 版本下的 tkinter 使用方式可能略有不同,建議采用 Python3.x 版本。本例難度為中級(jí),適合具有 Python 基礎(chǔ)和 Tkinter 組件編程知識(shí)的用戶學(xué)習(xí)。
from tkinter import * from tkinter.filedialog import * from tkinter.messagebox import * import os filename = "" def author(): showinfo(title="作者", message="Python") def power(): showinfo(title="版權(quán)信息", message="課堂練習(xí)") def mynew(): global top, filename, textPad top.title("未命名文件") filename = None textPad.delete(1.0, END) def myopen(): global filename filename = askopenfilename(defaultextension=".txt") if filename == "": filename = None else: top.title("記事本" + os.path.basename(filename)) textPad.delete(1.0, END) f = open(filename, 'r') textPad.insert(1.0, f.read()) f.close() def mysave(): global filename try: f = open(filename, 'w') msg = textPad.get(1.0, 'end') f.write(msg) f.close() except: mysaveas() def mysaveas(): global filename f = asksaveasfilename(initialfile="未命名.txt", defaultextension=".txt") filename = f fh = open(f, 'w') msg = textPad.get(1.0, END) fh.write(msg) fh.close() top.title("記事本 " + os.path.basename(f)) def cut(): global textPad textPad.event_generate("<<Cut>>") def copy(): global textPad textPad.event_generate("<<Copy>>") def paste(): global textPad textPad.event_generate("<<Paste>>") def undo(): global textPad textPad.event_generate("<<Undo>>") def redo(): global textPad textPad.event_generate("<<Redo>>") def select_all(): global textPad # textPad.event_generate("<<Cut>>") textPad.tag_add("sel", "1.0", "end") def find(): t = Toplevel(top) t.title("查找") t.geometry("260x60+200+250") t.transient(top) Label(t, text="查找:").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="e") v = StringVar() e = Entry(t, width=20, textvariable=v) e.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=2, pady=2, sticky="we") e.focus_set() c = IntVar() Checkbutton(t, text="不區(qū)分大小寫", variable=c).grid(row=1, column=1, sticky='e') Button(t, text="查找所有", command=lambda: search(v.get(), c.get(), textPad, t, e)).grid(row=0, column=2, sticky="e" + "w", padx=2, pady=2) def close_search(): textPad.tag_remove("match", "1.0", END) t.destroy() t.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", close_search) def mypopup(event): # global editmenu editmenu.tk_popup(event.x_root, event.y_root) def search(needle, cssnstv, textPad, t, e): textPad.tag_remove("match", "1.0", END) count = 0 if needle: pos = "1.0" while True: pos = textPad.search(needle, pos, nocase=cssnstv, stopindex=END) if not pos: break lastpos = pos + str(len(needle)) textPad.tag_add("match", pos, lastpos) count += 1 pos = lastpos textPad.tag_config('match', fg='yellow', bg="green") e.focus_set() t.title(str(count) + "個(gè)被匹配") top = Tk() top.title("記事本") top.geometry("600x400+100+50") menubar = Menu(top) # 文件功能 filemenu = Menu(top) filemenu.add_command(label="新建", accelerator="Ctrl+N", command=mynew) filemenu.add_command(label="打開", accelerator="Ctrl+O", command=myopen) filemenu.add_command(label="保存", accelerator="Ctrl+S", command=mysave) filemenu.add_command(label="另存為", accelerator="Ctrl+shift+s", command=mysaveas) menubar.add_cascade(label="文件", menu=filemenu) # 編輯功能 editmenu = Menu(top) editmenu.add_command(label="撤銷", accelerator="Ctrl+Z", command=undo) editmenu.add_command(label="重做", accelerator="Ctrl+Y", command=redo) editmenu.add_separator() editmenu.add_command(label="剪切", accelerator="Ctrl+X", command=cut) editmenu.add_command(label="復(fù)制", accelerator="Ctrl+C", command=copy) editmenu.add_command(label="粘貼", accelerator="Ctrl+V", command=paste) editmenu.add_separator() editmenu.add_command(label="查找", accelerator="Ctrl+F", command=find) editmenu.add_command(label="全選", accelerator="Ctrl+A", command=select_all) menubar.add_cascade(label="編輯", menu=editmenu) # 關(guān)于 功能 aboutmenu = Menu(top) aboutmenu.add_command(label="作者", command=author) aboutmenu.add_command(label="版權(quán)", command=power) menubar.add_cascade(label="關(guān)于", menu=aboutmenu) top['menu'] = menubar # shortcutbar = Frame(top, height=25, bg='light sea green') # shortcutbar.pack(expand=NO, fill=X) # Inlabe = Label(top, width=2, bg='antique white') # Inlabe.pack(side=LEFT, anchor='nw', fill=Y) textPad = Text(top, undo=True) textPad.pack(expand=YES, fill=BOTH) scroll = Scrollbar(textPad) textPad.config(yscrollcommand=scroll.set) scroll.config(command=textPad.yview) scroll.pack(side=RIGHT, fill=Y) # 熱鍵綁定 textPad.bind("<Control-N>", mynew) textPad.bind("<Control-n>", mynew) textPad.bind("<Control-O>", myopen) textPad.bind("<Control-o>", myopen) textPad.bind("<Control-S>", mysave) textPad.bind("<Control-s>", mysave) textPad.bind("<Control-A>", select_all) textPad.bind("<Control-a>", select_all) textPad.bind("<Control-F>", find) textPad.bind("<Control-f>", find) textPad.bind("<Button-3>", mypopup) top.mainloop()
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