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這篇文章主要介紹怎么利用vue3仿蘋果系統(tǒng)側(cè)邊消息提示效果，文中介紹的非常詳細(xì)，具有一定的參考價(jià)值，感興趣的小伙伴們一定要看完！
最近在做畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì), 想給畢設(shè)系統(tǒng)加上一個(gè)仿蘋果系統(tǒng)的側(cè)邊消息提示框, 讓我們先來看看效果.
熟悉前端開發(fā)的同學(xué)可能發(fā)現(xiàn)了, 在 Element UI 中這個(gè)組件叫 Notification 通知; 在Bootstrap 中這個(gè)組件叫 Toasts.
當(dāng)初看到這個(gè)組件就覺得很酷炫, 今天就帶大家看一下我是怎么一步一步實(shí)現(xiàn)的, 有不對(duì)或者可以優(yōu)化的地方請(qǐng)各位大佬點(diǎn)評(píng). ???? (本次組件基于 Vue3 實(shí)現(xiàn))
Toasts
|
| -- index.js // 注冊(cè)組件, 定義全局變量以便調(diào)用
|
| -- instance.js // 手動(dòng)實(shí)例創(chuàng)建前后的邏輯
|
| -- toasts.vue // 消息提示 HTMl 部分
|
| -- toastsBus.js // 解決 vue3 去除 $on和$emit 的解決方案
<!-- 彈窗 --> <div class="toast-container"> <!-- icon圖標(biāo) --> <template> ... </template> <!-- 主要內(nèi)容 --> <div class="toast-content"> <!-- 標(biāo)題及其倒計(jì)時(shí) --> <div class="toast-head"> ... </div> <!-- body --> <div class="toast-body">...</div> <!-- 操作按鈕 --> <div class="toast-operate"> ... </div> </div> <!-- 關(guān)閉 --> <div class="toast-close"> <i class="fi fi-rr-cross-small"></i> </div> </div>
在這里我們注冊(cè)組件, 定義全局變量以便調(diào)用
import toast from './instance'
import Toast from './toasts.vue'
export default (app) => {
// 注冊(cè)組件
app.component(Toast.name, Toast);
// 注冊(cè)全局變量, 后續(xù)只需調(diào)用 $Toast({}) 即可
app.config.globalProperties.$Toast = toast;
}???????????? 這里是全文的重點(diǎn) ????????????
首先我們學(xué)習(xí)如何將組件手動(dòng)掛載至頁面
import { createApp } from 'vue';
import Toasts from './toasts'
const toasts = (options) => {
// 創(chuàng)建父容器
let root = document.createElement('div');
document.body.appendChild(root)
// 創(chuàng)建Toasts實(shí)例
let ToastsConstructor = createApp(Toasts, options)
// 掛載父親元素
let instance = ToastsConstructor.mount(root)
// 拋出實(shí)例本身給vue
return instance
}
export default toasts;給每一個(gè)創(chuàng)建的 toasts 正確的定位
如圖所示, 每創(chuàng)建一個(gè) toasts 將會(huì)排列到上一個(gè) toasts 的下方(這里的間隙為16px). 想要做到這種效果我們需要知道 已存在 的toasts 的高度.
// instance.js
// 這里我們需要定義一個(gè)數(shù)組來存放當(dāng)前存活的 toasts
let instances = []
const toasts = (options) => {
...
// 創(chuàng)建后將實(shí)例加入數(shù)組
instances.push(instance)
// 重制高度
let verticalOffset = 0
// 遍歷獲取當(dāng)前已存活的 toasts 高度及其間隙 累加
instances.forEach(item => {
verticalOffset += item.$el.offsetHeight + 16
})
// 累加本身需要的間隙
verticalOffset += 16
// 賦值當(dāng)前實(shí)例y軸方向便宜長度
instance.toastPosition.y = verticalOffset
...
}
export default toasts;加入 主動(dòng)&定時(shí) 關(guān)閉功能
讓我們先來分析一下這里的業(yè)務(wù):
定時(shí)關(guān)閉: 在 toast 創(chuàng)建時(shí)給一個(gè)自動(dòng)關(guān)閉時(shí)間, 當(dāng)計(jì)時(shí)器結(jié)束后自動(dòng)關(guān)閉.
主動(dòng)關(guān)閉: 點(diǎn)擊關(guān)閉按鈕關(guān)閉 toast.
在這個(gè)基礎(chǔ)上我們可以加上一些人性化的操作, 例如鼠標(biāo)移入某個(gè) toast 時(shí)停止它的自動(dòng)關(guān)閉(其他 toast 不受影響), 當(dāng)鼠標(biāo)移開時(shí)重新啟用它的自動(dòng)關(guān)閉.
<!-- toasts.vue -->
<template>
<transition name="toast" @after-leave="afterLeave" @after-enter="afterEnter">
<div ref="container" class="toast-container" : v-show="visible" @mouseenter="clearTimer" @mouseleave="createTimer">
...
<!-- 關(guān)閉 -->
<div class="toast-close" @click="destruction">
<i class="fi fi-rr-cross-small"></i>
</div>
</div>
</transition>
</template>
<script>
import Bus from './toastsBus'
import {ref, computed, onMounted, onBeforeUnmount} from 'vue'
export default {
props: {
// 自動(dòng)關(guān)閉時(shí)間 (單位毫秒)
autoClose: {
type: Number,
default: 4500
}
},
setup(props){
// 是否顯示
const visible = ref(false);
// toast容器實(shí)例
const container = ref(null);
// toast本身高度
const height = ref(0);
// toast位置
const toastPosition = ref({
x: 16,
y: 16
})
const toastStyle = computed(()=>{
return {
top: `${toastPosition.value.y}px`,
right: `${toastPosition.value.x}px`,
}
})
// toast的id
const id = ref('')
// toast離開動(dòng)畫結(jié)束后
function afterLeave(){
// 告訴 instance.js 需要進(jìn)行關(guān)閉操作 ()
Bus.$emit('closed',id.value);
}
// toast進(jìn)入動(dòng)畫結(jié)束后
function afterEnter(){
height.value = container.value.offsetHeight
}
// 定時(shí)器
const timer = ref(null);
// 鼠標(biāo)進(jìn)入toast
function clearTimer(){
if(timer.value)
clearTimeout(timer.value)
}
// 鼠標(biāo)移出toast
function createTimer(){
if(props.autoClose){
timer.value = setTimeout(() => {
visible.value = false
}, props.autoClose)
}
}
// 銷毀
function destruction(){
visible.value = false
}
onMounted(()=>{
createTimer();
})
onBeforeUnmount(()=>{
if(timer.value)
clearTimeout(timer.value)
})
return {
visible,
container,
height,
toastPosition,
toastStyle,
id,
afterLeave,
afterEnter,
timer,
clearTimer,
createTimer,
destruction
}
}
}
</script>我們來分析一下 instance.js 中 toast 關(guān)閉時(shí)的邏輯
將此 toast 從存活數(shù)組中刪除, 并且遍歷數(shù)組將從此條開始后面的 toast 位置向上位移.
從 <body> 中刪除Dom元素.
調(diào)用 unmount() 銷毀實(shí)例.
// instance.js
import { createApp } from 'vue';
import Toasts from './toasts'
import Bus from './toastsBus'
let instances = []
let seed = 1
const toasts = (options) => {
// 手動(dòng)掛載實(shí)例
let ToastsConstructor = createApp(Toasts, options)
let instance = ToastsConstructor.mount(root)
// 給實(shí)例加入唯一標(biāo)識(shí)符
instance.id = id
// 顯示實(shí)例
instance.visible = true
...
// 監(jiān)聽 toasts.vue 傳來關(guān)閉事件
Bus.$on('closed', (id) => {
// 因?yàn)檫@里會(huì)監(jiān)聽到所有的 ‘closed' 事件, 所以要匹配 id 確保
if (instance.id == id) {
// 調(diào)用刪除邏輯
removeInstance(instance)
// 在 <body> 上刪除dom元素
document.body.removeChild(root)
// 銷毀實(shí)例
ToastsConstructor.unmount();
}
})
instances.push(instance)
return instance
}
export default toasts;
// 刪除邏輯
const removeInstance = (instance) => {
if (!instance) return
let len = instances.length
// 找出當(dāng)前需要銷毀的下標(biāo)
const index = instances.findIndex(item => {
return item.id === instance.id
})
// 從數(shù)組中刪除
instances.splice(index, 1)
// 如果當(dāng)前數(shù)組中還存在存活 Toasts, 需要遍歷將下面的Toasts上移, 重新計(jì)算位移
if (len <= 1) return
// 獲取被刪除實(shí)例的高度
const h = instance.height
// 遍歷被刪除實(shí)例以后下標(biāo)的 Toasts
for (let i = index; i < len - 1; i++) {
// 公式: 存活的實(shí)例將本身的 y 軸偏移量減去被刪除高度及其間隙高度
instances[i].toastPosition.y = parseInt(instances[i].toastPosition.y - h - 16)
}
}index.js
import toast from './instance'
import Toast from './toasts.vue'
export default (app) => {
app.component(Toast.name, Toast);
app.config.globalProperties.$Toast = toast;
}toastsBus.js
import emitter from 'tiny-emitter/instance'
export default {
$on: (...args) => emitter.on(...args),
$once: (...args) => emitter.once(...args),
$off: (...args) => emitter.off(...args),
$emit: (...args) => emitter.emit(...args)
}instance.js
import { createApp } from 'vue';
import Toasts from './toasts'
import Bus from './toastsBus'
let instances = []
let seed = 1
const toasts = (options) => {
// 創(chuàng)建父容器
const id = `toasts_${seed++}`
let root = document.createElement('div');
root.setAttribute('data-id', id)
document.body.appendChild(root)
let ToastsConstructor = createApp(Toasts, options)
let instance = ToastsConstructor.mount(root)
instance.id = id
instance.visible = true
// 重制高度
let verticalOffset = 0
instances.forEach(item => {
verticalOffset += item.$el.offsetHeight + 16
})
verticalOffset += 16
instance.toastPosition.y = verticalOffset
Bus.$on('closed', (id) => {
if (instance.id == id) {
removeInstance(instance)
document.body.removeChild(root)
ToastsConstructor.unmount();
}
})
instances.push(instance)
return instance
}
export default toasts;
const removeInstance = (instance) => {
if (!instance) return
let len = instances.length
const index = instances.findIndex(item => {
return item.id === instance.id
})
instances.splice(index, 1)
if (len <= 1) return
const h = instance.height
for (let i = index; i < len - 1; i++) {
instances[i].toastPosition.y = parseInt(instances[i].toastPosition.y - h - 16)
}
}toast.vue
加入億點(diǎn)點(diǎn)細(xì)節(jié), 例如icon可以自定義或者是圖片, 可以取消關(guān)閉按鈕, 設(shè)置自動(dòng)關(guān)閉時(shí)長, 或者停用自動(dòng)關(guān)閉功能.
<template>
<transition name="toast" @after-leave="afterLeave" @after-enter="afterEnter">
<!-- 彈窗 -->
<div ref="container" class="toast-container" : v-show="visible" @mouseenter="clearTimer" @mouseleave="createTimer">
<!-- icon -->
<template v-if="type || type != 'custom' || type != 'img'">
<div class="toast-icon success" v-if="type==='success'">
<i class="fi fi-br-check"></i>
</div>
<div class="toast-icon warning" v-if="type==='warning'">
?
</div>
<div class="toast-icon info" v-if="type==='info'">
<i class="fi fi-sr-bell-ring"></i>
</div>
<div class="toast-icon error" v-if="type==='error'">
<i class="fi fi-br-cross-small"></i>
</div>
</template>
<div : class="toast-icon" v-if="type==='custom'" v-html="customIcon"></div>
<img class="toast-custom-img" :src="customImg" v-if="type==='img'"/>
<!-- content -->
<div class="toast-content">
<!-- head -->
<div class="toast-head" v-if="title">
<!-- title -->
<span class="toast-title">{{title}}</span>
<!-- time -->
<span class="toast-countdown">{{countDown}}</span>
</div>
<!-- body -->
<div class="toast-body" v-if="message" v-html="message"></div>
<!-- operate -->
<div class="toast-operate">
<a class="toast-button-confirm"
:class="[{'success':type==='success'},
{'warning':type==='warning'},
{'info':type==='info'},
{'error':type==='error'}]">{{confirmText}}</a>
</div>
</div>
<!-- 關(guān)閉 -->
<div v-if="closeIcon" class="toast-close" @click="destruction">
<i class="fi fi-rr-cross-small"></i>
</div>
</div>
</transition>
</template>
<script>
import Bus from './toastsBus'
import {ref, computed, onMounted, onBeforeUnmount} from 'vue'
export default {
props: {
title: String,
closeIcon: {
type: Boolean,
default: true
},
message: String,
type: {
type: String,
validator: function(val) {
return ['success', 'warning', 'info', 'error', 'custom', 'img'].includes(val);
}
},
confirmText: String,
customIcon: String,
customIconBackground: String,
customImg: String,
autoClose: {
type: Number,
default: 4500
}
},
setup(props){
// 顯示
const visible = ref(false);
// 容器實(shí)例
const container = ref(null);
// 高度
const height = ref(0);
// 位置
const toastPosition = ref({
x: 16,
y: 16
})
const toastStyle = computed(()=>{
return {
top: `${toastPosition.value.y}px`,
right: `${toastPosition.value.x}px`,
}
})
// 倒計(jì)時(shí)
const countDown = computed(()=>{
return '2 seconds ago'
})
const id = ref('')
// 離開以后
function afterLeave(){
Bus.$emit('closed',id.value);
}
// 進(jìn)入以后
function afterEnter(){
height.value = container.value.offsetHeight
}
// 定時(shí)器
const timer = ref(null);
// 鼠標(biāo)進(jìn)入
function clearTimer(){
if(timer.value)
clearTimeout(timer.value)
}
// 鼠標(biāo)移出
function createTimer(){
if(props.autoClose){
timer.value = setTimeout(() => {
visible.value = false
}, props.autoClose)
}
}
// 銷毀
function destruction(){
visible.value = false
}
onMounted(()=>{
createTimer();
})
onBeforeUnmount(()=>{
if(timer.value)
clearTimeout(timer.value)
})
return {
visible,
toastPosition,
toastStyle,
countDown,
afterLeave,
afterEnter,
clearTimer,
createTimer,
timer,
destruction,
container,
height,
id
}
}
}
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
// 外部容器
.toast-container{
width: 330px;
box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) 0px 2px 12px 0px;
background-color: rgba(#F7F7F7, .6);
border: 1px solid #E5E5E5;
padding: 14px 13px;
z-index: 1001;
position: fixed;
top: 0;
right: 0;
border-radius: 10px;
backdrop-filter: blur(15px);
display: flex;
align-items: stretch;
transition: all .3s ease;
will-change: top,left;
}
// -------------- icon --------------
.toast-icon, .toast-close{
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.toast-icon{
width: 30px;
height: 30px;
border-radius: 100%;
display: inline-flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
}
// 正確
.toast-icon.success{
background-color: rgba(#2BB44A, .15);
color: #2BB44A;
}
// 異常
.toast-icon.warning{
background-color: rgba(#ffcc00, .15);
color: #F89E23;
font-weight: 600;
font-size: 18px;
}
// 錯(cuò)誤
.toast-icon.error{
font-size: 18px;
background-color: rgba(#EB2833, .1);
color: #EB2833;
}
// 信息
.toast-icon.info{
background-color: rgba(#3E71F3, .1);
color: #3E71F3;
}
// 自定義圖片
.toast-custom-img{
width: 40px;
height: 40px;
border-radius: 10px;
overflow: hidden;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
// ------------- content -----------
.toast-content{
padding: 0 8px 0 13px;
flex: 1;
}
// -------------- head --------------
.toast-head{
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: space-between;
}
// title
.toast-title{
font-size: 16px;
line-height: 24px;
color: #191919;
font-weight: 600;
overflow: hidden;
text-overflow: ellipsis;
white-space: nowrap;
}
// time
.toast-countdown{
font-size: 12px;
color: #929292;
line-height: 18.375px;
}
// --------------- body -----------
.toast-body{
color: #191919;
line-height: 21px;
padding-top: 5px;
}
// ---------- close -------
.toast-close{
padding: 3px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 18px;
width: 24px;
height: 24px;
border-radius: 8px;
display: inline-flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
}
.toast-close:hover{
background-color: rgba(#E4E4E4, .5);
}
// --------- operate ----------
.toast-button-confirm{
font-weight: 600;
color: #3E71F3;
}
.toast-button-confirm:hover{
color: #345ec9;
}
// 成功
.toast-button-confirm.success{
color: #2BB44A;
}
.toast-button-confirm.success:hover{
color: #218a3a;
}
// 異常
.toast-button-confirm.warning{
color: #F89E23;
}
.toast-button-confirm.warning:hover{
color: #df8f1f;
}
// 信息
.toast-button-confirm.info{
color: #3E71F3;
}
.toast-button-confirm.info:hover{
color: #345ec9;
}
// 錯(cuò)誤
.toast-button-confirm.error{
color: #EB2833;
}
.toast-button-confirm.error:hover{
color: #c9101a;
}
/*動(dòng)畫*/
.toast-enter-from,
.toast-leave-to{
transform: translateX(120%);
}
.v-leave-from,
.toast-enter-to{
transform: translateX(00%);
}
</style>main.js
import { createApp } from 'vue'
import App from './App.vue'
const app = createApp(App)
import '@/assets/font/UIcons/font.css'
// 安裝toasts
import toasts from './components/toasts'
app.use(toasts).mount('#app')使用
<template>
<button @click="clickHandle">發(fā)送</button>
</template>
<script>
import { getCurrentInstance } from 'vue'
export default {
setup(){
const instance = getCurrentInstance()
function clickHandle(){
// 這里調(diào)用 vue3 的全局變量時(shí)比較羞恥, 不知道各位大佬有沒有其他好辦法
instance.appContext.config.globalProperties.$Toast({
type: 'info',
title: '這是一句標(biāo)題',
message: '本文就是梳理mount函數(shù)的主要邏輯，旨在理清基本的處理流程（Vue 3.1.1版本）。'
})
}
return {
clickHandle
}
}
}
</script>以上是“怎么利用vue3仿蘋果系統(tǒng)側(cè)邊消息提示效果”這篇文章的所有內(nèi)容，感謝各位的閱讀！希望分享的內(nèi)容對(duì)大家有幫助，更多相關(guān)知識(shí)，歡迎關(guān)注億速云行業(yè)資訊頻道！
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