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這篇文章主要介紹了docker如何配置網(wǎng)絡(luò),具有一定借鑒價(jià)值,感興趣的朋友可以參考下,希望大家閱讀完這篇文章之后大有收獲,下面讓小編帶著大家一起了解一下。
ip netns命令
可以借助ip netns命令來完成對 Network Namespace 的各種操作。ip netns命令來自于iproute安裝包,一般系統(tǒng)會默認(rèn)安裝,如果沒有的話,請自行安裝。
注意:ip netns命令修改網(wǎng)絡(luò)配置時(shí)需要 sudo 權(quán)限。
可以通過ip netns命令完成對Network Namespace 的相關(guān)操作,可以通過ip netns help查看命令幫助信息:
[root@master ~]# ip netns help Usage: ip netns list ip netns add NAME ip netns attach NAME PID ip netns set NAME NETNSID ip [-all] netns delete [NAME] ip netns identify [PID] ip netns pids NAME ip [-all] netns exec [NAME] cmd ... ip netns monitor ip netns list-id [target-nsid POSITIVE-INT] [nsid POSITIVE-INT] NETNSID := auto | POSITIVE-INT [root@master ~]# ip netns list [root@master ~]# ip netns add ns0 [root@master ~]# ip netns list ns0 [root@master ~]# ls /var/run/netns ns0 [root@master ~]# ip netns add ns0 Cannot create namespace file "/var/run/netns/ns0": File exists [root@master ~]# touch /var/run/netns/ns1 [root@master ~]# ip netns list Error: Peer netns reference is invalid. Error: Peer netns reference is invalid. ns1 ns0 [root@master ~]# ip netns del ns1 [root@master ~]# ip netns list ns0
ip命令提供了ip netns exec子命令可以在對應(yīng)的 Network Namespace 中執(zhí)行命令。
查看新創(chuàng)建 Network Namespace 的網(wǎng)卡信息
[root@master ~]# ip netns exec ns0 ip addr 1: lo: <LOOPBACK> mtu 65536 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 可以看到,新創(chuàng)建的Network Namespace中會默認(rèn)創(chuàng)建一個(gè)lo回環(huán)網(wǎng)卡,此時(shí)網(wǎng)卡處于關(guān)閉狀態(tài)。此時(shí),嘗試去 ping 該lo回環(huán)網(wǎng)卡,會提示Network is unreachable [root@master ~]# ip netns exec ns0 ping 127.0.0.1 connect: 網(wǎng)絡(luò)不可達(dá) 通過下面的命令啟用lo回環(huán)網(wǎng)卡 [root@master ~]# ip netns exec ns0 ip link set lo up [root@master ~]# ip netns exec ns0 ping 127.0.0.1 PING 127.0.0.1 (127.0.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.024 ms 64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.019 ms
轉(zhuǎn)移設(shè)備
我們可以在不同的 Network Namespace 之間轉(zhuǎn)移設(shè)備(如veth)。由于一個(gè)設(shè)備只能屬于一個(gè) Network Namespace ,所以轉(zhuǎn)移后在這個(gè) Network Namespace 內(nèi)就看不到這個(gè)設(shè)備了。
其中,veth設(shè)備屬于可轉(zhuǎn)移設(shè)備,而很多其它設(shè)備(如lo、vxlan、ppp、bridge等)是不可以轉(zhuǎn)移的。
veth pair
veth pair 全稱是 Virtual Ethernet Pair,是一個(gè)成對的端口,所有從這對端口一 端進(jìn)入的數(shù)據(jù)包都將從另一端出來,反之也是一樣。
引入veth pair是為了在不同的 Network Namespace 直接進(jìn)行通信,利用它可以直接將兩個(gè) Network Namespace 連接起來。
[root@master ~]# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:d7:ce:07 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.197.131/24 brd 192.168.197.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens33 valid_lft 1522sec preferred_lft 1522sec inet6 fe80::1f2f:a9f9:78a7:7cc/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000 link/ether 52:54:00:f1:42:78 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000 link/ether 52:54:00:f1:42:78 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 5: docker0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default link/ether 02:42:b8:38:aa:7d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::42:b8ff:fe38:aa7d/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 7: veth3672252@if6: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue master docker0 state UP group default link/ether ca:56:6c:07:de:af brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0 inet6 fe80::c856:6cff:fe07:deaf/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [root@master ~]# ip link add type veth [root@master ~]# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:d7:ce:07 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.197.131/24 brd 192.168.197.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens33 valid_lft 1499sec preferred_lft 1499sec inet6 fe80::1f2f:a9f9:78a7:7cc/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000 link/ether 52:54:00:f1:42:78 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000 link/ether 52:54:00:f1:42:78 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 5: docker0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default link/ether 02:42:b8:38:aa:7d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::42:b8ff:fe38:aa7d/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 7: veth3672252@if6: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue master docker0 state UP group default link/ether ca:56:6c:07:de:af brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0 inet6 fe80::c856:6cff:fe07:deaf/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 10: veth0@veth2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,M-DOWN> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000 link/ether a2:0f:68:39:2c:fd brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 11: veth2@veth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,M-DOWN> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000 link/ether e6:e9:55:96:60:35 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
可以看到,此時(shí)系統(tǒng)中新增了一對veth pair,將veth0和veth2兩個(gè)虛擬網(wǎng)卡連接了起來,此時(shí)這對 veth pair 處于”未啟用“狀態(tài)。
[root@master ~]# ip netns list ns0 [root@master ~]# ip netns add ns1 [root@master ~]# ip link set veth0 netns ns0 [root@master ~]# ip link set veth2 netns ns1 [root@master ~]# ip netns exec ns0 ip link set veth0 up [root@master ~]# ip netns exec ns0 ip addr add 192.168.2.1/24 dev veth0 [root@master ~]# ip netns exec ns1 ip link set veth2 up [root@master ~]# ip netns exec ns1 ip addr add 192.168.2.2/24 dev veth2 [root@master ~]# ip netns exec ns0 ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 10: veth0@if11: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether a2:0f:68:39:2c:fd brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netns ns1 inet 192.168.2.1/24 scope global veth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::a00f:68ff:fe39:2cfd/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [root@master ~]# ip netns exec ns1 ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK> mtu 65536 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 11: veth2@if10: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether e6:e9:55:96:60:35 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netns ns0 inet 192.168.2.2/24 scope global veth2 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::e4e9:55ff:fe96:6035/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [root@master ~]# ip netns exec ns1 ping 192.168.2.1 PING 192.168.2.1 (192.168.2.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.037 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.028 ms
可以看到,veth pair成功實(shí)現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)不同Network Namespace之間的網(wǎng)絡(luò)交互。
veth設(shè)備重命名
[root@master ~]# ip netns exec ns0 ip link set veth0 down [root@master ~]# ip netns exec ns0 ip link set veth0 down [root@master ~]# ip netns exec ns0 ip link set veth0 down [root@master ~]# ip netns exec ns0 ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 10: veth0@if11: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000 link/ether a2:0f:68:39:2c:fd brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netns ns1 inet 192.168.2.1/24 scope global veth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [root@master ~]# ip netns exec ns1 ip link set veth2 down [root@master ~]# ip netns exec ns1 ip link set dev veth2 name eth0 [root@master ~]# ip netns exec ns1 ip link set eth0 [root@master ~]# ip netns exec ns1 ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK> mtu 65536 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 11: eth0@if10: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000 link/ether e6:e9:55:96:60:35 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netns ns0 inet 192.168.2.2/24 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
bridge模式
[root@master ~]# docker pull busybox Using default tag: latest latest: Pulling from library/busybox 3aab638df1a9: Pull complete Digest: sha256:52817dece4cfe26f581c834d27a8e1bcc82194f914afe6d50afad5a101234ef1 Status: Downloaded newer image for busybox:latest docker.io/library/busybox:latest [root@master ~]# docker run -it --name b1 --rm busybox # --rm 刪除或停止容器后自動銷毀容器 / # ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 12: eth0@if13: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP,M-DOWN> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue link/ether 02:42:ac:11:00:03 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.17.0.3/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever / # exit [root@master ~]# docker run -it --name b1 --network bridge --rm busybox / # ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 14: eth0@if15: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP,M-DOWN> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue link/ether 02:42:ac:11:00:03 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.17.0.3/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever / # exit
none模式
[root@master ~]# docker run -it --name b2 --rm --network none busybox / # ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever / # exit 使用none模式,Docker容器擁有自己的Network Namespace,但是,并不為Docker容器進(jìn)行任何網(wǎng)絡(luò)配置。也就是說,這個(gè)Docker容器沒有網(wǎng)卡、IP、路由等信息。需要我們自己為Docker容器添加網(wǎng)卡、配置IP等。
container模式
[root@master ~]# docker run -it --name b3 --rm busybox / # ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 16: eth0@if17: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP,M-DOWN> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue link/ether 02:42:ac:11:00:03 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.17.0.3/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 新開一個(gè)終端 [root@master ~]# docker run -it --name b4 --rm --network container:b3 busybox / # ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 16: eth0@if17: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP,M-DOWN> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue link/ether 02:42:ac:11:00:03 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.17.0.3/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 在b3上創(chuàng)建一個(gè)文件 / # ls bin dev etc home proc root sys tmp usr var / # mkdir yy 在b4上查看 / # ls bin dev etc home proc root sys tmp usr var 在b3上創(chuàng)建網(wǎng)站 / # echo "aaa." > bbb/index.html / # httpd -h bbb/ / # netstat -antl Active Internet connections (servers and established) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTE # 在b4上訪問 / # wget -qO - 172.17.0.2 aaa / # # 由此可見,container模式下的容器間關(guān)系就相當(dāng)于一臺主機(jī)上的兩個(gè)不同進(jìn)程
這個(gè)模式指定新創(chuàng)建的容器和已經(jīng)存在的一個(gè)容器共享一個(gè) Network Namespace,而不是和宿主機(jī)共享。新創(chuàng)建的容器不會創(chuàng)建自己的網(wǎng)卡,配置自己的 IP,而是和一個(gè)指定的容器共享 IP、端口范圍等。同樣,兩個(gè)容器除了網(wǎng)絡(luò)方面,其他的如文件系統(tǒng)、進(jìn)程列表等還是隔離的。兩個(gè)容器的進(jìn)程可以通過 lo 網(wǎng)卡設(shè)備通信。
host模式
啟動容器時(shí)直接指明模式為host
[root@master ~]# docker run -it --name b5 --rm --network host busybox / # ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:d7:ce:07 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.197.131/24 brd 192.168.197.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens33 valid_lft 1741sec preferred_lft 1741sec inet6 fe80::1f2f:a9f9:78a7:7cc/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue qlen 1000 link/ether 52:54:00:f1:42:78 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel master virbr0 qlen 1000 link/ether 52:54:00:f1:42:78 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 5: docker0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue link/ether 02:42:b8:38:aa:7d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::42:b8ff:fe38:aa7d/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 7: veth3672252@if6: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP,M-DOWN> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue master docker0 link/ether ca:56:6c:07:de:af brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet6 fe80::c856:6cff:fe07:deaf/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever / # mkdir www / # echo "ccc" > www/index.html / # httpd -h www/ / # [root@master ~]# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:d7:ce:07 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.197.131/24 brd 192.168.197.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens33 valid_lft 1730sec preferred_lft 1730sec inet6 fe80::1f2f:a9f9:78a7:7cc/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000 link/ether 52:54:00:f1:42:78 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000 link/ether 52:54:00:f1:42:78 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 5: docker0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default link/ether 02:42:b8:38:aa:7d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::42:b8ff:fe38:aa7d/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 7: veth3672252@if6: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue master docker0 state UP group default link/ether ca:56:6c:07:de:af brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0 inet6 fe80::c856:6cff:fe07:deaf/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [root@master ~]# curl 192.168.197.131 ccc
[root@master ~]# docker run -it --name b6 --rm busybox / # hostname ef156ee78b70 / # exit [root@master ~]# docker run -it --name b6 --hostname yanghaixx busybox / # hostname yanghaixx / # cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost ::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback fe00::0 ip6-localnet ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix ff02::1 ip6-allnodes ff02::2 ip6-allrouters 172.17.0.3 yanghaixx / # cat /etc/resolv.conf # Generated by NetworkManager search localdomain nameserver 192.168.197.2 / # ping baidu.com PING baidu.com (220.181.38.148): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 220.181.38.148: seq=0 ttl=127 time=25.224 ms 64 bytes from 220.181.38.148: seq=1 ttl=127 time=24.795 ms [root@master ~]# docker run -it --rm --name b7 --dns 8.8.8.8 --hostname yanghaixx busybox / # cat /etc/resolv.conf search localdomain nameserver 8.8.8.8 / # exit . [root@master ~]# docker run -it --name b7 --rm --hostname yanghaixx --add-host baidu.com:0.0.0.0 busybox / # cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost ::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback fe00::0 ip6-localnet ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix ff02::1 ip6-allnodes ff02::2 ip6-allrouters 0.0.0.0 baidu.com 172.17.0.3 yanghaixx
端口映射
執(zhí)行docker run的時(shí)候有個(gè)-p選項(xiàng),可以將容器中的應(yīng)用端口映射到宿主機(jī)中,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)讓外部主機(jī)可以通過訪問宿主機(jī)的某端口來訪問容器內(nèi)應(yīng)用的目的。
-p選項(xiàng)能夠使用多次,其所能夠暴露的端口必須是容器確實(shí)在監(jiān)聽的端口。 -p選項(xiàng)的使用格式: -p 將指定的容器端口映射至主機(jī)所有地址的一個(gè)動態(tài)端口 動態(tài)端口指的是隨機(jī)端口,具體的映射結(jié)果可使用docker port命令查看。
[root@master ~]# docker run -d --name web1 --rm -p 80 yanghaixx/nginx:v2 62029a5977a06e07ab5b40c78ce60e9cc519364512bc2e6d5785afd7dc1e090f [root@master ~]# docker port web1 80/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:49153 80/tcp -> :::49153 [root@master ~]# curl 192.168.197.131:49153 <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Welcome to nginx!</title> <style> body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto; font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; } </style> </head> <body> <h2>Welcome to nginx!</h2> <p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and working. Further configuration is required.</p> <p>For online documentation and support please refer to <a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/> Commercial support is available at <a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p> <p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p> </body> </html>
將容器端口映射到宿主機(jī)的指定端口
[root@master ~]# docker run -itd --name web2 --rm -p 2525:80 yanghaixx/nginx:v2 62a93a8ef40eec981b2d1682da92523027999991b0294782be38d4565b210ff8 [root@master ~]# docker port web2 80/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:2525 80/tcp -> :::2525 [root@master ~]# curl 192.168.197.131:2525 <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Welcome to nginx!</title> <style> body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto; font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; } </style> </head> <body> <h2>Welcome to nginx!</h2> <p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and working. Further configuration is required.</p> <p>For online documentation and support please refer to <a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/> Commercial support is available at <a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p> <p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p> </body> </html>
自定義docker0橋的網(wǎng)絡(luò)屬性信息需要修改/etc/docker/daemon.json配置文件
[root@master ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json [root@master ~]# cat /etc/docker/daemon.json { "registry-mirrors": ["https://q9u587gb.mirror.aliyuncs.com"] "bip": "192.168.2.1/24" } See "systemctl status docker.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details. [root@master ~]# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:d7:ce:07 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.197.131/24 brd 192.168.197.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens33 valid_lft 1690sec preferred_lft 1690sec inet6 fe80::1f2f:a9f9:78a7:7cc/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000 link/ether 52:54:00:f1:42:78 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000 link/ether 52:54:00:f1:42:78 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 5: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default link/ether 02:42:97:2a:95:42 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.2.1/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global docker0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::42:97ff:fe2a:9542/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
docker創(chuàng)建自定義橋
[root@master ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json [root@master ~]# cat /etc/docker/daemon.json { "registry-mirrors": ["https://q9u587gb.mirror.aliyuncs.com"] "bip": "192.168.2.1/24" } See "systemctl status docker.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details. [root@master ~]# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:d7:ce:07 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.197.131/24 brd 192.168.197.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens33 valid_lft 1690sec preferred_lft 1690sec inet6 fe80::1f2f:a9f9:78a7:7cc/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000 link/ether 52:54:00:f1:42:78 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000 link/ether 52:54:00:f1:42:78 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 5: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default link/ether 02:42:97:2a:95:42 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.2.1/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global docker0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::42:97ff:fe2a:9542/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
使用新創(chuàng)建的自定義橋來創(chuàng)建容器:
[root@master ~]# docker run -itd --name web --network br0 --rm yanghaixx/nginx:v2 aec728f703567b36016cf09cde1ffd1036673d7c2d961cae0b81cd09721d5cb9 [root@master ~]# docker exec -it web /bin/bash [root@aec728f70356 /]# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 31: eth0@if32: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default link/ether 02:42:ac:11:01:02 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0 inet 172.17.1.2/24 brd 172.17.1.255 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
再創(chuàng)建一個(gè)容器,使用默認(rèn)的bridge橋:
[root@master ~]# docker run -itd --name web02 --rm luojiatian1904/nginx:v2 4ee412be6d20b96a18f0b6fc0062beefc2192d906b212134b362ec41be5144ff [root@master ~]# docker exec -it web02 /bin/bash [root@4ee412be6d20 /]# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 33: eth0@if34: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default link/ether 02:42:c0:a8:02:02 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0 inet 192.168.2.2/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [root@4ee412be6d20 /]#
試想一下,此時(shí)的b2與b1能否互相通信?如果不能該如何實(shí)現(xiàn)通信
# 運(yùn)行兩個(gè)容器在不同網(wǎng)段 [root@master ~]# docker run -itd --name web --network br0 --rm yanghaixx/nginx:v2 aec728f703567b36016cf09cde1ffd1036673d7c2d961cae0b81cd09721d5cb9 [root@master ~]# docker exec -it web /bin/bash [root@aec728f70356 /]# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 31: eth0@if32: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default link/ether 02:42:ac:11:01:02 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0 inet 172.17.1.2/24 brd 172.17.1.255 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [root@master ~]# docker run -itd --name web02 --rm yanghaixx/nginx:v2 4ee412be6d20b96a18f0b6fc0062beefc2192d906b212134b362ec41be5144ff [root@master ~]# docker exec -it web02 /bin/bash [root@4ee412be6d20 /]# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 33: eth0@if34: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default link/ether 02:42:c0:a8:02:02 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0 inet 192.168.2.2/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [root@master ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 4ee412be6d20 luojiatian1904/nginx:v2 "/usr/local/nginx/sb…" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes web02 aec728f70356 luojiatian1904/nginx:v2 "/usr/local/nginx/sb…" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes web
將br0網(wǎng)絡(luò) (C1) 連接到c2(一個(gè)容器運(yùn)行兩個(gè)橋)
[root@master ~]# docker network connect br0 aec728f70356(web容器ID) [root@4ee412be6d20 /]# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 33: eth0@if34: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default link/ether 02:42:c0:a8:02:02 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0 inet 192.168.2.2/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 35: eth2@if36: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default link/ether 02:42:ac:11:01:03 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0 inet 172.17.1.3/24 brd 172.17.1.255 scope global eth2 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [root@4ee412be6d20 /]# ping 172.17.1.2 PING 172.17.1.2 (172.17.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.17.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.095 ms
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