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這篇文章主要講解了“Spring Boot怎么使用GridFS實(shí)現(xiàn)文件的上傳和下載方式”,文中的講解內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)單清晰,易于學(xué)習(xí)與理解,下面請(qǐng)大家跟著小編的思路慢慢深入,一起來(lái)研究和學(xué)習(xí)“Spring Boot怎么使用GridFS實(shí)現(xiàn)文件的上傳和下載方式”吧!
使用GridFS實(shí)現(xiàn)文件的上傳和下載
首先了解一下怎么用命令操作GridFS
使用Spring Boot操作GridFS
Spring Boot中使用GridFS
什么是GridFS
在SpringBoot中使用GridFS
在這篇博客中,我們將展示如何使用Spring Boot中使用mongodb自帶的文件存儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)GridFS實(shí)現(xiàn)文件的上傳和下載功能
安裝mongodb
sudo apt-get install mongodb
安裝完成后找到mongofiles的位置
whereis mongofiles
找到之后進(jìn)入目錄就可以上傳文件了
mongofiles put /home/ubuntu/Desktop/1.jpg
這時(shí)文件就添加成功了,進(jìn)入mongodb查看
mongo show dbs # 發(fā)現(xiàn)多了一個(gè)gridfs use gridfs db.fs.files.find() # 存放文件的一些基本信息 db.fs.chunks.find() # 存放文件二進(jìn)制內(nèi)容,一個(gè)文件有多個(gè)fs.chunks,每個(gè)fs.chunks都有一個(gè),files_id與fs.files中的id相對(duì)應(yīng),形成多對(duì)一的關(guān)系,文件存的時(shí)候分開(kāi)存,取的時(shí)候再合并
引入依賴
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-io</groupId> <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId> <version>2.4</version> </dependency>
controller代碼
import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject; import com.mongodb.DBObject; import com.mongodb.client.gridfs.GridFSBucket; import com.mongodb.client.gridfs.GridFSDownloadStream; import com.mongodb.client.gridfs.GridFSFindIterable; import com.mongodb.client.gridfs.model.GridFSFile; import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.data.mongodb.gridfs.GridFsOperations; import org.springframework.data.mongodb.gridfs.GridFsResource; import org.springframework.data.mongodb.gridfs.GridFsTemplate; import org.springframework.http.MediaType; import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import static org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Query.query; import static org.springframework.data.mongodb.gridfs.GridFsCriteria.whereFilename; @RestController public class ImageController { @Autowired private GridFsTemplate gridFsTemplate; @Autowired private GridFsOperations operations; @Autowired private GridFSBucket gridFSBucket; @PostMapping("file/upload") public ImageResponse upload(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) { DBObject metaData = new BasicDBObject(); // 把時(shí)間戳作為文件名存入mongodb String fileName = String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis()); InputStream inputStream = null; try { inputStream = file.getInputStream(); gridFsTemplate.store(inputStream, fileName, "image", metaData); } catch (IOException e) { throw new RuntimeException(); } return new ImageResponse(fileName); } @GetMapping(value = "file/download/${fileName}", produces = MediaType.IMAGE_JPEG_VALUE) @ResponseBody public byte[] getImage(@PathVariable("fileName") String fileName) throws IOException { if (fileName == null) { return null; } // 根據(jù)文件名查詢(也可以根據(jù)md5值等信息查詢) GridFSFindIterable result = operations.find(query(whereFilename().is(fileName))); GridFSFile gridFSFile = result.first(); GridFSDownloadStream gridFSDownloadStream = gridFSBucket.openDownloadStream(gridFSFile.getObjectId()); //創(chuàng)建gridFsResource,用于獲取流對(duì)象 GridFsResource gridFsResource = new GridFsResource(gridFSFile, gridFSDownloadStream); return IOUtils.toByteArray(gridFsResource.getInputStream()); } }
加入一個(gè)配置類
import com.mongodb.MongoClient; import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase; import com.mongodb.client.gridfs.GridFSBucket; import com.mongodb.client.gridfs.GridFSBuckets; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; @Configuration public class MongoConfig { @Value("${spring.data.mongodb.database}") String db; @Bean public GridFSBucket getGridFSBucket(MongoClient mongoClient){ MongoDatabase database = mongoClient.getDatabase(db); GridFSBucket bucket = GridFSBuckets.create(database); return bucket; } }
圖片返回的實(shí)體類
public class ImageResponse implements Serializable { private String imageName; public ImageResponse(String imageName) { this.imageName = imageName; } public String getImageName() { return imageName; } public void setImageName(String imageName) { this.imageName = imageName; } }
配置文件
spring: data: mongodb: uri: mongodb://localhost:27017/gridfs database: gridfs
GirdFS是MongoDB提供的用于持久化存儲(chǔ)文件的模塊
在GridFS存儲(chǔ)文件是將文件分塊存儲(chǔ),文件會(huì)按照256KB的大小分割成多個(gè)塊進(jìn)行存儲(chǔ),GridFS使用兩個(gè)集合 (collection)存儲(chǔ)文件,一個(gè)集合是chunks, 用于存儲(chǔ)文件的二進(jìn)制數(shù)據(jù);一個(gè)集合是files,用于存儲(chǔ)文件的元數(shù) 據(jù)信息(文件名稱、塊大小、上傳時(shí)間等信息)。
從GridFS中讀取文件要對(duì)文件的各各塊進(jìn)行組裝、合并。
存儲(chǔ)文件
@Autowired GridFsTemplate gridFsTemplate; @Test public void GridFsTest() throws FileNotFoundException { //選擇要存儲(chǔ)的文件 File file = new File("/Users/xxx/Desktop/xxx.docx"); InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(file); //存儲(chǔ)文件并起名稱 ObjectId objectId = gridFsTemplate.store(inputStream, "面試寶典"); String id = objectId.toString(); //獲取到文件的id,可以從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中查找 System.out.println(id); }
查找文件
創(chuàng)建GridFSBucket對(duì)象
@Configuration public class MongoConfig { @Value("${spring.data.mongodb.database}") String db; @Bean public GridFSBucket getGridFSBucket(MongoClient mongoClient){ MongoDatabase mongoDatabase = mongoClient.getDatabase(db); GridFSBucket bucket = GridFSBuckets.create(mongoDatabase); return bucket; } }
@Autowired GridFsTemplate gridFsTemplate; @Autowired GridFSBucket gridFSBucket; @Test public void queryFile() throws IOException { String id = "5c1b8fac72884e389ae3df82"; //根據(jù)id查找文件 GridFSFile gridFSFile = gridFsTemplate.findOne(new Query(Criteria.where("_id").is(id))); //打開(kāi)下載流對(duì)象 GridFSDownloadStream gridFS = gridFSBucket.openDownloadStream(gridFSFile.getObjectId()); //創(chuàng)建gridFsSource,用于獲取流對(duì)象 GridFsResource gridFsResource = new GridFsResource(gridFSFile,gridFS); //獲取流中的數(shù)據(jù) String string = IOUtils.toString(gridFsResource.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"); System.out.println(string); }
刪除文件
//刪除文件 @Test public void testDelFile() throws IOException { //根據(jù)文件id刪除fs.files和fs.chunks中的記錄 gridFsTemplate.delete(Query.query(Criteria.where("_id").is("5c1b8fac72884e389ae3df82"))); }
感謝各位的閱讀,以上就是“Spring Boot怎么使用GridFS實(shí)現(xiàn)文件的上傳和下載方式”的內(nèi)容了,經(jīng)過(guò)本文的學(xué)習(xí)后,相信大家對(duì)Spring Boot怎么使用GridFS實(shí)現(xiàn)文件的上傳和下載方式這一問(wèn)題有了更深刻的體會(huì),具體使用情況還需要大家實(shí)踐驗(yàn)證。這里是億速云,小編將為大家推送更多相關(guān)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的文章,歡迎關(guān)注!
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