溫馨提示×
您好，登錄后才能下訂單哦！
點擊 登錄注冊 即表示同意《億速云用戶服務(wù)條款》
您好，登錄后才能下訂單哦！
這篇文章主要介紹了Centos7怎么配置Mysql多主一從的相關(guān)知識，內(nèi)容詳細易懂，操作簡單快捷，具有一定借鑒價值，相信大家閱讀完這篇Centos7怎么配置Mysql多主一從文章都會有所收獲，下面我們一起來看看吧。
業(yè)務(wù)場景：
公司幾個主要的業(yè)務(wù)已經(jīng)獨立，放在不同的數(shù)據(jù)庫服務(wù)器上面，但是有一個業(yè)務(wù)又需要關(guān)聯(lián)多個業(yè)務(wù)庫進行聯(lián)合查詢統(tǒng)計。這時候就需要將不同的業(yè)務(wù)庫數(shù)據(jù)同步到一臺從庫進行統(tǒng)計。根據(jù)mysql主從同步原理使用多從一主的方案解決。主庫使用innodb引擎，從庫開啟多實例使用myisam引擎并將多個實例的數(shù)據(jù)同步到同一個目錄，并通過flush tables 在一個實例里面訪問其他實例的數(shù)據(jù)。
解決思路：
1、主數(shù)據(jù)庫使用innodb引擎，并設(shè)置sql_mode為 no_auto_create_user
2、從庫開啟多實例，將多個主庫里面的數(shù)據(jù)通過主從復(fù)制同步到同一個數(shù)據(jù)目錄。從庫的每個實例對應(yīng)一個主庫。多個實例使用同一個數(shù)據(jù)目錄。
3、從庫使用myisam引擎，關(guān)閉從庫默認的innodb引擎,myisam引擎可以訪問同一個數(shù)據(jù)目錄里面其他實例的表。
4、從庫的每個實例需要執(zhí)行flush tables 才能看到其他實例表的數(shù)據(jù)變化，可以設(shè)置crontab任務(wù)計劃每分鐘在第一個實例刷新表，以便程序連接的默認實例能看到表的實時變化。
5、設(shè)置主庫和從庫的sql_mode都為no_auto_create_user，只有這樣主庫的innodb引擎的sql同步到從庫的時候才能執(zhí)行成功。
方案架構(gòu)圖：
環(huán)境說明：
主庫-1：192.168.1.1
主庫-2：192.168.1.2
從庫-3：192.168.1.3
從庫-3：192.168.1.4
從庫-3：192.168.1.5
實現(xiàn)步驟：（mysql安裝步驟這里不在描述）
1、主數(shù)據(jù)庫配置文件，多個主庫配置文件除了server-id不能一樣其他都一樣。
[root@masterdb01 ~]#cat /etc/my.cnf [client] port= 3306 socket= /tmp/mysql.sock [mysqld] port = 3306 basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /data/mysql character-set-server = utf8mb4 default-storage-engine = innodb socket = /tmp/mysql.sock skip-name-resolv = 1 open_files_limit = 65535 back_log = 103 max_connections = 512 max_connect_errors = 100000 table_open_cache = 2048 tmp-table-size = 32m max-heap-table-size = 32m #query-cache-type = 0 query-cache-size = 0 external-locking = false max_allowed_packet = 32m sort_buffer_size = 2m join_buffer_size = 2m thread_cache_size = 51 query_cache_size = 32m tmp_table_size = 96m max_heap_table_size = 96m query_cache_type=1 log-error=/data/logs/mysqld.log slow_query_log = 1 slow_query_log_file = /data/logs/slow.log long_query_time = 0.1 # binary logging # server-id = 1 log-bin = /data/binlog/mysql-bin log-bin-index =/data/binlog/mysql-bin.index expire-logs-days = 14 sync_binlog = 1 binlog_cache_size = 4m max_binlog_cache_size = 8m max_binlog_size = 1024m log_slave_updates #binlog_format = row binlog_format = mixed //這里使用的混合模式復(fù)制 relay_log_recovery = 1 #不需要同步的表 replicate-wild-ignore-table=mydb.sp_counter #不需要同步的庫 replicate-ignore-db = mysql,information_schema,performance_schema key_buffer_size = 32m read_buffer_size = 1m read_rnd_buffer_size = 16m bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64m myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128m myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10g myisam_repair_threads = 1 myisam_recover transaction_isolation = repeatable-read innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16m innodb_buffer_pool_size = 5734m innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = 1 innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = 1 innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1024m:autoextend innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 innodb_log_buffer_size = 32m innodb_log_file_size = 2g innodb_log_files_in_group = 2 innodb_io_capacity = 4000 innodb_io_capacity_max = 8000 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50 innodb_flush_method = o_direct innodb_file_format = barracuda innodb_file_format_max = barracuda innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 10 innodb_rollback_on_timeout = 1 innodb_print_all_deadlocks = 1 innodb_file_per_table = 1 innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog = 0 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 32m
2、從庫配置文件。多個從庫配置文件除了server-id不能一樣其他都一樣。
[root@slavedb01 ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf [client] port= 3306 socket= /tmp/mysql.sock [mysqld_multi] # 指定相關(guān)命令的路徑 mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin ##復(fù)制主庫1的數(shù)據(jù)## [mysqld2] port = 3306 basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /data/mysql character-set-server = utf8mb4 #指定實例1的sock文件和pid文件 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid skip-name-resolv = 1 open_files_limit = 65535 back_log = 103 max_connections = 512 max_connect_errors = 100000 table_open_cache = 2048 tmp-table-size = 32m max-heap-table-size = 32m query-cache-size = 0 external-locking = false max_allowed_packet = 32m sort_buffer_size = 2m join_buffer_size = 2m thread_cache_size = 51 query_cache_size = 32m tmp_table_size = 96m max_heap_table_size = 96m query_cache_type=1 #指定第一個實例的錯誤日志和慢查詢?nèi)罩韭窂? log-error=/data/logs/mysqld.log slow_query_log = 1 slow_query_log_file = /data/logs/slow.log long_query_time = 0.1 # binary logging# # 指定實例1的binlog和relaylog路徑為/data/binlog目錄 # 每個從庫和每個實例的server_id不能一樣。 server-id = 2 log-bin = /data/binlog/mysql-bin log-bin-index =/data/binlog/mysql-bin.index relay_log = /data/binlog/mysql-relay-bin relay_log_index = /data/binlog/mysql-relay.index master-info-file = /data/mysql/master.info relay_log_info_file = /data/mysql/relay-log.info read_only = 1 expire-logs-days = 14 sync_binlog = 1 #需要同步的庫，如果不設(shè)置，默認同步所有庫。 #replicate-do-db = xxx #不需要同步的表 replicate-wild-ignore-table=mydb.sp_counter #不需要同步的庫 replicate-ignore-db = mysql,information_schema,performance_schema binlog_cache_size = 4m max_binlog_cache_size = 8m max_binlog_size = 1024m log_slave_updates =1 #binlog_format = row binlog_format = mixed relay_log_recovery = 1 key_buffer_size = 32m read_buffer_size = 1m read_rnd_buffer_size = 16m bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64m myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128m myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10g myisam_repair_threads = 1 myisam_recover #設(shè)置默認引擎為myisam，下面這些參數(shù)一定要加上。 default-storage-engine=myisam default-tmp-storage-engine=myisam #關(guān)閉innodb引擎 skip-innodb innodb = off disable-innodb #設(shè)置sql_mode模式為no_auto_create_user sql_mode = no_auto_create_user #關(guān)閉innodb引擎 loose-skip-innodb loose-innodb-trx=0 loose-innodb-locks=0 loose-innodb-lock-waits=0 loose-innodb-cmp=0 loose-innodb-cmp-per-index=0 loose-innodb-cmp-per-index-reset=0 loose-innodb-cmp-reset=0 loose-innodb-cmpmem=0 loose-innodb-cmpmem-reset=0 loose-innodb-buffer-page=0 loose-innodb-buffer-page-lru=0 loose-innodb-buffer-pool-stats=0 loose-innodb-metrics=0 loose-innodb-ft-default-stopword=0 loose-innodb-ft-inserted=0 loose-innodb-ft-deleted=0 loose-innodb-ft-being-deleted=0 loose-innodb-ft-config=0 loose-innodb-ft-index-cache=0 loose-innodb-ft-index-table=0 loose-innodb-sys-tables=0 loose-innodb-sys-tablestats=0 loose-innodb-sys-indexes=0 loose-innodb-sys-columns=0 loose-innodb-sys-fields=0 loose-innodb-sys-foreign=0 loose-innodb-sys-foreign-cols=0 ##復(fù)制主庫2的數(shù)據(jù)## [mysqld3] port = 3307 basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /data/mysql character-set-server = utf8mb4 #指定實例2的sock文件和pid文件 socket = /tmp/mysql3.sock pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql3.pid skip-name-resolv = 1 open_files_limit = 65535 back_log = 103 max_connections = 512 max_connect_errors = 100000 table_open_cache = 2048 tmp-table-size = 32m max-heap-table-size = 32m query-cache-size = 0 external-locking = false max_allowed_packet = 32m sort_buffer_size = 2m join_buffer_size = 2m thread_cache_size = 51 query_cache_size = 32m tmp_table_size = 96m max_heap_table_size = 96m query_cache_type=1 log-error=/data/logs/mysqld3.log slow_query_log = 1 slow_query_log_file = /data/logs/slow3.log long_query_time = 0.1 # binary logging # # 這里一定要注意，不能把兩個實例的binlog和relaylog放到同一個目錄， # 這里指定實例2的binlog日志為/data/binlog2目錄 # 每個從庫和每個實例的server_id不能一樣。 server-id = 22 log-bin = /data/binlog2/mysql-bin log-bin-index =/data/binlog2/mysql-bin.index relay_log = /data/binlog2/mysql-relay-bin relay_log_index = /data/binlog2/mysql-relay.index master-info-file = /data/mysql/master3.info relay_log_info_file = /data/mysql/relay-log3.info read_only = 1 expire-logs-days = 14 sync_binlog = 1 #不需要復(fù)制的庫 replicate-ignore-db = mysql,information_schema,performance_schema binlog_cache_size = 4m max_binlog_cache_size = 8m max_binlog_size = 1024m log_slave_updates =1 #binlog_format = row binlog_format = mixed relay_log_recovery = 1 key_buffer_size = 32m read_buffer_size = 1m read_rnd_buffer_size = 16m bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64m myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128m myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10g myisam_repair_threads = 1 myisam_recover #設(shè)置默認引擎為myisam default-storage-engine=myisam default-tmp-storage-engine=myisam #關(guān)閉innodb引擎 skip-innodb innodb = off disable-innodb #設(shè)置sql_mode模式為no_auto_create_user sql_mode = no_auto_create_user #關(guān)閉innodb引擎，下面這些參數(shù)一定要加上。 loose-skip-innodb loose-innodb-trx=0 loose-innodb-locks=0 loose-innodb-lock-waits=0 loose-innodb-cmp=0 loose-innodb-cmp-per-index=0 loose-innodb-cmp-per-index-reset=0 loose-innodb-cmp-reset=0 loose-innodb-cmpmem=0 loose-innodb-cmpmem-reset=0 loose-innodb-buffer-page=0 loose-innodb-buffer-page-lru=0 loose-innodb-buffer-pool-stats=0 loose-innodb-metrics=0 loose-innodb-ft-default-stopword=0 loose-innodb-ft-inserted=0 loose-innodb-ft-deleted=0 loose-innodb-ft-being-deleted=0 loose-innodb-ft-config=0 loose-innodb-ft-index-cache=0 loose-innodb-ft-index-table=0 loose-innodb-sys-tables=0 loose-innodb-sys-tablestats=0 loose-innodb-sys-indexes=0 loose-innodb-sys-columns=0 loose-innodb-sys-fields=0 loose-innodb-sys-foreign=0 loose-innodb-sys-foreign-cols=0 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 32m ```
3、設(shè)置主庫sql_mode,mysql5.6默認需要在啟動文件文件里面設(shè)置sql_mode才可以生效。
# cat /etc/init.d/mysqld #other_args="$*" # uncommon, but needed when called from an rpm upgrade action # expected: "--skip-networking --skip-grant-tables" # they are not checked here, intentionally, as it is the resposibility # of the "spec" file author to give correct arguments only. #將上面默認的#other_args開啟后改為 other_args="--sql-mode=no_auto_create_user"
4、開啟主庫和從庫
#主庫 service mysqld start #開啟從庫的二個實例 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 2 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 3
5、在兩臺主庫上面分別授權(quán)復(fù)制賬號
#需要授權(quán)三個從庫的ip可以同步 mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to rep@'192.168.1.3' identified by 'rep123'; mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to rep@'192.168.1.4' identified by 'rep123'; mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to rep@'192.168.1.5' identified by 'rep123'; mysql> flush privileges;
6、在三個從庫分別開啟同步。
#進入第一個實例執(zhí)行 $ mysql -s /tmp/mysql.sock mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.1.1',master_user='rep',master_password='rep123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=112; #進入第二個實例執(zhí)行 $ mysql -s /tmp/mysql3.sock mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.1.2',master_user='rep',master_password='rep123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=112;
7、測試數(shù)據(jù)同步
在二個主數(shù)據(jù)庫分別建表和插入數(shù)據(jù)，到從庫查看可以看到二個主庫同步到同一個從庫上面的所有數(shù)據(jù)。
8、在每臺從庫服務(wù)器上設(shè)置任務(wù)計劃每分鐘刷新第一個實例的表
# crontab -l */1 * * * * mysql -s /tmp/mysql.sock -e 'flush tables;'
mysql5.6多主一從的坑
1、mysql5.6默認的引擎是innodb默認同步的時候一定要把主和從的sql_mode模式里面的no_engine_substitution這個參數(shù)關(guān)閉。如果不關(guān)閉innodb同步到從庫上面的sql將會找不到innodb引擎導(dǎo)致同步失敗。
2、在mysql5.6開啟多實例的時候第一次啟動的時候在你數(shù)據(jù)庫的安裝目錄里面（/usr/local/mysql/)會生成my.cnf配置文件，默認會優(yōu)先讀取數(shù)據(jù)庫安裝目錄里面的配置文件。導(dǎo)致多實例不生效。
關(guān)于“Centos7怎么配置Mysql多主一從”這篇文章的內(nèi)容就介紹到這里，感謝各位的閱讀！相信大家對“Centos7怎么配置Mysql多主一從”知識都有一定的了解，大家如果還想學(xué)習(xí)更多知識，歡迎關(guān)注億速云行業(yè)資訊頻道。
免責(zé)聲明：本站發(fā)布的內(nèi)容（圖片、視頻和文字）以原創(chuàng)、轉(zhuǎn)載和分享為主，文章觀點不代表本網(wǎng)站立場，如果涉及侵權(quán)請聯(lián)系站長郵箱：is@yisu.com進行舉報，并提供相關(guān)證據(jù)，一經(jīng)查實，將立刻刪除涉嫌侵權(quán)內(nèi)容。
億速云公眾號
手機網(wǎng)站二維碼
