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這篇文章主要介紹“CentOS7.2如何基于Kubernetes部署簡單的應(yīng)用”，在日常操作中，相信很多人在CentOS7.2如何基于Kubernetes部署簡單的應(yīng)用問題上存在疑惑，小編查閱了各式資料，整理出簡單好用的操作方法，希望對大家解答”CentOS7.2如何基于Kubernetes部署簡單的應(yīng)用”的疑惑有所幫助！接下來，請跟著小編一起來學(xué)習(xí)吧！
以下面的圖來安裝一個簡單的靜態(tài)內(nèi)容的nginx應(yīng)用：
首先，我們用復(fù)制器啟動一個2個備份的nginx Pod。然后在前面掛Service，一個service只能被集群內(nèi)部訪問，一個能被集群外的節(jié)點(diǎn)訪問。
1. 部署nginx pod 和復(fù)制器
#cat nginx-rc.yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: ReplicationController metadata: name: nginx-controller spec: replicas: 2 selector: name: nginx template: metadata: labels: name: nginx spec: containers: - name: nginx image: nginx ports: - containerPort: 80
我們定義了一個nginx pod復(fù)制器，復(fù)制份數(shù)為2，我們使用nginx docker鏡像。
執(zhí)行下面的操作創(chuàng)建nginx pod復(fù)制器:
[root@master test]# kubectl create -f nginx-rc.yaml replicationcontrollers/nginx-controller
記得先去下載gcr.io鏡像，然后改名，否則會提示失敗。由于還會下載nginx鏡像，所以所創(chuàng)建的Pod需要等待一些時間才能處于running狀態(tài)。
[root@master test]# kubectl get pods NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE nginx 1/1 Running 0 1d nginx-controller-dkl3v 1/1 Running 0 14s nginx-controller-hxcq8 1/1 Running 0 14s
我們可以使用describe 命令查看pod的相關(guān)信息:
[root@master test]# kubectl describe pod nginx-controller-dkl3v
Name: nginx-controller-dkl3v
Namespace: default
Image(s): nginx
Node: 192.168.32.17/192.168.32.17
Labels: name=nginx
Status: Running
Reason:
Message:
IP: 172.17.67.2
Replication Controllers: nginx-controller (2/2 replicas created)
Containers:
nginx:
Image: nginx
State: Running
Started: Wed, 30 Dec 2015 02:03:19 -0500
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Conditions:
Type Status
Ready True
Events:
FirstSeen LastSeen Count From SubobjectPath Reason Message
Wed, 30 Dec 2015 02:03:14 -0500 Wed, 30 Dec 2015 02:03:14 -0500 1 {scheduler } scheduled Successfully assigned nginx-controller-dkl3v to 192.168.32.17
Wed, 30 Dec 2015 02:03:15 -0500 Wed, 30 Dec 2015 02:03:15 -0500 1 {kubelet 192.168.32.17} implicitly required container POD pulled Pod container image "kubernetes/pause" already present on machine
Wed, 30 Dec 2015 02:03:16 -0500 Wed, 30 Dec 2015 02:03:16 -0500 1 {kubelet 192.168.32.17} implicitly required container POD created Created with docker id e88dffe46a28
Wed, 30 Dec 2015 02:03:17 -0500 Wed, 30 Dec 2015 02:03:17 -0500 1 {kubelet 192.168.32.17} implicitly required container POD started Started with docker id e88dffe46a28
Wed, 30 Dec 2015 02:03:18 -0500 Wed, 30 Dec 2015 02:03:18 -0500 1 {kubelet 192.168.32.17} spec.containers{nginx} created Created with docker id 25fcb6b4ce09
Wed, 30 Dec 2015 02:03:19 -0500 Wed, 30 Dec 2015 02:03:19 -0500 1 {kubelet 192.168.32.17} spec.containers{nginx} started Started with docker id 25fcb6b4ce092. 部署節(jié)點(diǎn)內(nèi)部可訪問的nginx service
Service的type有ClusterIP和NodePort之分，缺省是ClusterIP，這種類型的Service只能在集群內(nèi)部訪問。配置文件如下：
#cat nginx-service-clusterip.yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: nginx-service-clusterip spec: ports: - port: 8001 targetPort: 80 protocol: TCP selector: name: nginx
執(zhí)行下面的命令創(chuàng)建service:
[root@master test]# kubectl create -f ./nginx-service-clusterip.yaml services/nginx-service-clusterip
查看所創(chuàng)建的service：
[root@master test]# kubectl get service NAME LABELS SELECTOR IP(S) PORT(S) kubernetes component=apiserver,provider=kubernetes <none> 10.254.0.1 443/TCP nginx-service-clusterip <none> name=nginx 10.254.234.255 8001/TCP
上面的輸出告訴我們這個 Service的Cluster IP是10.254.234.255，端口是8001。下面我們驗證這個PortalNet IP的工作情況：
在192.168.32.16上執(zhí)行以下命令：
[root@minion1 ~]# curl -s 10.254.234.255:8001
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Welcome to nginx!</h2>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>從前面部署復(fù)制器的部分我們知道nginx Pod運(yùn)行在17節(jié)點(diǎn)上。上面我們特意從16代理節(jié)點(diǎn)上訪問我們的服務(wù)來體現(xiàn)Service Cluster IP在所有集群代理節(jié)點(diǎn)的可到達(dá)性。
3. 部署外部可訪問的nginx service
下面我們創(chuàng)建NodePort類型的Service，這種類型的Service在集群外部是可以訪問。配置文件如下：
cat nginx-service-nodeport.yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: nginx-service-nodeport spec: ports: - port: 8000 targetPort: 80 protocol: TCP type: NodePort selector: name: nginx
執(zhí)行如下命令創(chuàng)建service并進(jìn)行查看：
[root@master test]# kubectl create -f ./nginx-service-nodeport.yaml You have exposed your service on an external port on all nodes in your cluster. If you want to expose this service to the external internet, you may need to set up firewall rules for the service port(s) (tcp:31000) to serve traffic. See http://releases.k8s.io/HEAD/docs/user-guide/services-firewalls.md for more details. services/nginx-service-nodeport [root@master test]# kubectl get service NAME LABELS SELECTOR IP(S) PORT(S) kubernetes component=apiserver,provider=kubernetes <none> 10.254.0.1 443/TCP nginx-service-clusterip <none> name=nginx 10.254.234.255 8001/TCP nginx-service-nodeport <none> name=nginx 10.254.210.68 8000/TCP
創(chuàng)建service時提示需要設(shè)置firewall rules，不用去管，不影響后續(xù)操作。
查看創(chuàng)建的service：
[root@master test]# kubectl describe service nginx-service-nodeport Name: nginx-service-nodeport Namespace: default Labels: <none> Selector: name=nginx Type: NodePort IP: 10.254.210.68 Port: <unnamed> 8000/TCP NodePort: <unnamed> 31000/TCP Endpoints: 172.17.67.2:80,172.17.67.3:80 Session Affinity: None No events.
這個 Service的節(jié)點(diǎn)級別端口是31000。下面我們驗證這個 Service的工作情況：
[root@master test]# curl -s 192.168.32.16:31000
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Welcome to nginx!</h2>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
[root@master test]# curl -s 192.168.32.17:31000
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Welcome to nginx!</h2>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>不管是從16還是17，都能訪問到我們的服務(wù)。
4. 總結(jié)
本文只是一個簡單的應(yīng)用，在應(yīng)用部署時，了解Kubernetes的應(yīng)用模型是非常重要的。還需要對Kubernetes進(jìn)行更深入的研究。
到此，關(guān)于“CentOS7.2如何基于Kubernetes部署簡單的應(yīng)用”的學(xué)習(xí)就結(jié)束了，希望能夠解決大家的疑惑。理論與實(shí)踐的搭配能更好的幫助大家學(xué)習(xí)，快去試試吧！若想繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)更多相關(guān)知識，請繼續(xù)關(guān)注億速云網(wǎng)站，小編會繼續(xù)努力為大家?guī)砀鄬?shí)用的文章！
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