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本安裝以CentOS7為例
[root@wt-test-3 python]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core)
CentOS7中默認(rèn)安裝的是Python2.7.5版本,YUM源中提供的也是Python2.7.5版本,可以通過(guò)以下命令查看:
[root@wt-test-3 python]# python --version
Python 2.7.5
[root@wt-test-3 python]# yum info python
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* extras: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
* updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
Installed Packages
Name : python
Arch : x86_64
Version : 2.7.5
Release : 68.el7
Size : 79 k
Repo : installed
Summary : An interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language
URL : http://www.python.org/
License : Python
想要使用Python3.x版本,需要我們手動(dòng)安裝,以下是我編譯安裝Python3.7的記錄(目前最新版本),供大家參考:
[root@wt-test-3 software]# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.0/Python-3.7.0.tgz
解壓下載后的安裝包,并編譯安裝
[root@wt-test-2 software]# tar zxf Python-3.7.0.tgz
[root@wt-test-2 software]# cd Python-3.7.0
[root@wt-test-2 software]# ./configure --prefix=/opt/python37 --enable-optimizations
[root@wt-test-2 software]# make -j 4
[root@wt-test-2 software]# make install
--enable-optimizations 選項(xiàng)啟用PGO(Profile-Guided Optimizations,檔案導(dǎo)引優(yōu)化)和LTO(Link-Time and optimized)優(yōu)化,性能提升約10%-20%,但會(huì)增加編譯時(shí)間。PGO、LTO的詳細(xì)信息可參考 [https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gccint/LTO-Overview.html]()
Python build finished successfully!
The necessary bits to build these optional modules were not found:
_bz2 _curses _curses_panel
_dbm _gdbm _hashlib
_lzma _sqlite3 _ssl
_tkinter _uuid readline
可以安裝缺少的依賴包,然后刪除編譯目錄重新執(zhí)行編譯安裝步驟。
[root@wt-test-2 software]# yum -y install gcc-c++ openssl-devel \
zlib-devel libffi-devel readline-devel \
bzip2-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel \
gdbm-devel xz-devel tk-devel libuuid-devel
[root@wt-test-2 software]# echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/opt/python37/bin' >> /etc/profile
[root@wt-test-2 software]# source /etc/profile
[root@wt-test-2 software]# python3 --version
Python 3.7.0
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