linux虛擬機(jī)添加硬盤的方法

這篇文章主要介紹“l(fā)inux虛擬機(jī)添加硬盤的方法”，在日常操作中，相信很多人在linux虛擬機(jī)添加硬盤的方法問(wèn)題上存在疑惑，小編查閱了各式資料，整理出簡(jiǎn)單好用的操作方法，希望對(duì)大家解答”linux虛擬機(jī)添加硬盤的方法”的疑惑有所幫助！接下來(lái)，請(qǐng)跟著小編一起來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)吧！

一.Linux的硬盤識(shí)別

2.6 kernel以后,linux會(huì)將識(shí)別到的硬件設(shè)備,在/dev/下建立相應(yīng)的設(shè)備文件.如:

sda表示第1塊SCSI硬盤.

hda表示第1塊IDE硬盤(即連接在第1個(gè)IDE接口的Master口上).

scd0表示第1個(gè)USB光驅(qū).

當(dāng)添加了新硬盤后,在/dev目錄下會(huì)有相應(yīng)的設(shè)備文件產(chǎn)生.cciss的硬盤是個(gè)例外,它的

設(shè)備文件在/dev/cciss/目錄下.一般使用“fdisk -l”命令可以列出系統(tǒng)中當(dāng)前連接的硬盤

設(shè)備和分區(qū)信息.新硬盤沒(méi)有分區(qū)信息,則只顯示硬盤大小信息.

二.在linux系統(tǒng)中添加新硬盤

下面說(shuō)明一下,在GTES 11上,添加一塊10G硬盤到***個(gè)IDE口的Slave接口上.

安裝好硬盤后,開(kāi)機(jī)進(jìn)入Turbolinux.以root身份登錄.

執(zhí)行fdisk -l命令顯示當(dāng)前系統(tǒng)的硬盤設(shè)備.

[root@g11-64-1 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/hda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/hda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux

/dev/hda2 14 89 610470 82 Linux swap / Solaris

/dev/hda3 90 2610 20249932+ 83 Linux

Disk /dev/hdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/hdb doesn't contain a valid partition table

[root@g11-64-1 ~]#

顯示hdb沒(méi)有分區(qū)信息,大小為10G.

使用fdisk命令對(duì)hdb進(jìn)行分區(qū).

[root@g11-64-1 ~]# fdisk /dev/hdb

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,

until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous

content won't be recoverable.

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 1305.

There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,

and could in certain setups cause problems with:

1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)

2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs

(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

輸入: n 表示新建分區(qū).

Command (m for help): n

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

輸入: p 表示建立一個(gè)原始分區(qū).

p

Partition number (1-4): 1

輸入: 1 表示此分區(qū)編號(hào)為1.

First cylinder (1-1305, default 1):

輸入: 回車 表示使用默認(rèn)起始柱面號(hào).

Using default value 1

Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-1305, default 1305):

輸入: 回車 表示使用默認(rèn)結(jié)束柱面號(hào).即此分區(qū)使用整個(gè)硬盤空間.

Using default value 1305

Command (m for help): w

輸入: w 存盤,退出fdisk.

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

再使用fdisk -l命令查看分區(qū)情況.

[root@g11-64-1 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/hda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/hda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux

/dev/hda2 14 89 610470 82 Linux swap / Solaris

/dev/hda3 90 2610 20249932+ 83 Linux

Disk /dev/hdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/hdb1 1 1305 10482381 83 Linux

顯示/dev/hdb上有一個(gè)hdb1分區(qū),為linux格式.

分區(qū)后,需要對(duì)這個(gè)分區(qū)進(jìn)行格式化.

[root@g11-64-1 ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/hdb1

mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

1310720 inodes, 2620595 blocks

131029 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=2684354560

80 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

16384 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632

Writing inode tables: done

Creating journal (32768 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 39 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

將新建分區(qū)掛在到/mnt/hdb1上.

[root@g11-64-1 ~]# mkdir /mnt/hdb1

[root@g11-64-1 ~]# mount /dev/hdb1 /mnt/hdb1

[root@g11-64-1 ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/hda3  19G  8.2G  9.7G  46% /

/dev/hda1 99M 16M 79M 17% /boot

tmpfs 250M 0 250M 0% /dev/shm

/dev/hdb1 9.9G  151M  9.2G   2% /mnt/hdb1

[root@g11-64-1 ~]#

hdb1已掛載到/mnt/hdb1上,剩余空間為9.2G.

在此分區(qū)上創(chuàng)建文件.

[root@g11-64-1 ~]# cd /mnt/hdb1

[root@g11-64-1 hdb1]# ls > a

[root@g11-64-1 hdb1]# ls -hl

total 20K

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13 Nov 3 08:45 a

drwx------ 2 root root 16K Nov 3 08:44 lost+found

[root@g11-64-1 hdb1]#

卸載hdb1分區(qū).

[root@g11-64-1 hdb1]# cd

[root@g11-64-1 ~]# umount /mnt/hdb1

[root@g11-64-1 ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/hda3  19G  8.2G  9.7G  46% /

/dev/hda1 99M 16M 79M 17% /boot

tmpfs 250M 0 250M 0% /dev/shm

[root@g11-64-1 ~]#

三.設(shè)置新硬盤開(kāi)機(jī)自動(dòng)掛載

在/etc/fstab中添加新硬盤的掛載信息.添加下面一行:

/dev/hdb1 /mnt/hdb1 ext3 defaults 1 2

這樣,每次開(kāi)機(jī)后,系統(tǒng)會(huì)自動(dòng)將/dev/hdb1掛載到/mnt/hdb1上.

到此，關(guān)于“l(fā)inux虛擬機(jī)添加硬盤的方法”的學(xué)習(xí)就結(jié)束了，希望能夠解決大家的疑惑。理論與實(shí)踐的搭配能更好的幫助大家學(xué)習(xí)，快去試試吧！若想繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)更多相關(guān)知識(shí)，請(qǐng)繼續(xù)關(guān)注億速云網(wǎng)站，小編會(huì)繼續(xù)努力為大家?guī)?lái)更多實(shí)用的文章！