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編譯安裝LAMP之配置httpd以FastCGI方式與php整合

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2020-07-11 11:08:35 來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò) 閱讀:876 作者:帥宇 欄目:web開發(fā)

一、編譯安裝httpd(httpd 2.4.4,相關(guān)軟件包可到apache官網(wǎng)上下載)

# hwclock -s 將軟件時(shí)間同步為硬件時(shí)間,防止安裝軟件時(shí)出錯(cuò)

1、解決依賴關(guān)系

httpd-2.4.4需要較新版本的aprapr-util,因此需要事先對(duì)其進(jìn)行升級(jí)。這里使用源碼包進(jìn)行升級(jí)(apr-1.5.2,apr-util-1.5.4

(1) 編譯安裝apr

# tar xf apr-1.5.2.tar.bz2

# cd apr-1.5.2

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr

# make && make install

(2) 編譯安裝apr-util

# tar xf apr-util-1.5.4.tar.bz2

# cd apr-util-1.5.4

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr

# make && make install

(3) httpd-2.4.4編譯過程也要依賴于pcre-devel軟件包,需要事先安裝。

#yum -y install pcre-devel

(4) 可在編譯安裝httpd時(shí)會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò):checking for OpenSSL version >=0.9.7 ... FAILED

#yum -y install openssl-devel

#yum update openssl

2、編譯安裝httpd-2.4.4

# tar xf httpd-2.4.4.tar.bz2

# cd httpd-2.4.4

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event

(含義:--perfix=/usr/local/apache 指定安裝路徑;--sysconfdir=/etc/httpd 指定配置文件路徑;--enable-so  apache核心裝載DSO,但實(shí)際不編譯任何動(dòng)態(tài)模塊;--enable-ssl 支持ssl模塊;--enable-cgi支持cgi模塊;--enable-rewrite 支持url重寫;--with-zlib支持zlib庫文件;--with-pcre 包含pcre函數(shù);--with-apr=/usr/local/apr 指定apr的路徑;--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util 指明apr-util路徑;--enable-modules=most 支持模塊;支持共享模塊;--with-mpm=event加載模塊event

# make && make install

3、修改httpd的主配置文件,設(shè)置其Pid文件的路徑

#vim /etc/httpd/httpd.conf,添加如下行即可:

PidFile  "/var/run/httpd.pid"

4、提供SysV服務(wù)腳本/etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd,內(nèi)容如下:

#!/bin/bash

#

# httpd        Startup script for the Apache HTTP Server

#

# chkconfig: - 85 15

# description: Apache is a World Wide Web server.  It is used to serve \

#       HTML files and CGI.

# processname: httpd

# config: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

# config: /etc/sysconfig/httpd

# pidfile: /var/run/httpd.pid

 

# Source function library.

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

 

if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/httpd ]; then

        . /etc/sysconfig/httpd

fi

 

# Start httpd in the C locale by default.

HTTPD_LANG=${HTTPD_LANG-"C"}

 

# This will prevent initlog from swallowing up a pass-phrase prompt if

# mod_ssl needs a pass-phrase from the user.

INITLOG_ARGS=""

 

# Set HTTPD=/usr/sbin/httpd.worker in /etc/sysconfig/httpd to use a server

# with the thread-based "worker" MPM; BE WARNED that some modules may not

# work correctly with a thread-based MPM; notably PHP will refuse to start.

 

# Path to the apachectl script, server binary, and short-form for messages.

apachectl=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl

httpd=${HTTPD-/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd}

prog=httpd

pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/httpd.pid}

lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/httpd}

RETVAL=0

 

start() {

        echo -n $"Starting $prog: "

        LANG=$HTTPD_LANG daemon --pidfile=${pidfile} $httpd $OPTIONS

        RETVAL=$?

        echo

        [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch ${lockfile}

        return $RETVAL

}

 

stop() {

echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "

killproc -p ${pidfile} -d 10 $httpd

RETVAL=$?

echo

[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile}

}

reload() {

    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "

    if ! LANG=$HTTPD_LANG $httpd $OPTIONS -t >&/dev/null; then

        RETVAL=$?

        echo $"not reloading due to configuration syntax error"

        failure $"not reloading $httpd due to configuration syntax error"

    else

        killproc -p ${pidfile} $httpd -HUP

        RETVAL=$?

    fi

    echo

}

 

# See how we were called.

case "$1" in

  start)

start

;;

  stop)

stop

;;

  status)

        status -p ${pidfile} $httpd

RETVAL=$?

;;

  restart)

stop

start

;;

  condrestart)

if [ -f ${pidfile} ] ; then

stop

start

fi

;;

  reload)

        reload

;;

  graceful|help|configtest|fullstatus)

$apachectl $@

RETVAL=$?

;;

  *)

echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|condrestart|reload|status|fullstatus|graceful|help|configtest}"

exit 1

esac

 

exit $RETVAL

 

而后為此腳本賦予執(zhí)行權(quán)限并加入服務(wù)列表:

# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd

# chkconfig --add httpd

5.提供執(zhí)行相關(guān)命令所需的環(huán)境變量

#vim /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh,添加以下內(nèi)容:

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/apache/bin

6.至此,http服務(wù)配置結(jié)束,可以啟動(dòng)測(cè)試了

#service httpd restart

二、安裝MySQL(我這里通過編譯安裝MySQL-5.6.33(通用二進(jìn)制格式))

1.將下載好的壓縮包解壓至/usr/local,并進(jìn)入此目錄

# tar xf mysql-5.6.33-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local

# cd /usr/local/

2.為解壓后的目錄創(chuàng)建一個(gè)鏈接,并進(jìn)入此目錄

# ln -sv mysql-5.6.33-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql

# cd mysql

3.創(chuàng)建MySQL用戶(使其成為系統(tǒng)用戶)和MySQL

# groupadd -r -g 306 mysql

# useradd -g 306 -r -u 306 mysql

4.使mysql下的所有文件都屬于mysql用戶和mysql

# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/*

5.提前準(zhǔn)備一個(gè)分區(qū)用來創(chuàng)建邏輯卷(我這里用/dev/sda5),在此分區(qū)上創(chuàng)建邏輯卷并使其可以開機(jī)自動(dòng)掛載使用。

# pvcreate /dev/sda5

# vgcreate myvg /dev/sda5

# lvcreate -n mydata -L 512M myvg

# mkfs.ext4 /dev/myvg/mydata

#vim /etc/fstab,添加以下內(nèi)容:

/dev/myvg/mydata    /mydata   ext4    defaults        0 0

# mkdir /mydata

# mount -a

6.創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)目錄,并使其屬于mysql用戶和mysql組,其他人無權(quán)限

# mkdir /mydata/data

# chown -R mysql:mysql /mydata/data/

# chmod o-rw /mydata/data/

7.準(zhǔn)備安裝所需的開發(fā)環(huán)境

# yum -y install perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64

8.準(zhǔn)備就緒,開始安裝

# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data

9.安裝完成后為了安全,更改/usr/local/mysql下所有文件的權(quán)限

#chown -R root .

10.準(zhǔn)備啟動(dòng)腳本,并使其開機(jī)自動(dòng)啟動(dòng)

# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

# chkconfig --add mysqld

# chkconfig --list mysqld

11.編輯數(shù)據(jù)庫配置文件

# cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

#vim /etc/my.cnf,修改和添加以下內(nèi)容:

datadir = /mydata/data

12.提供執(zhí)行相關(guān)命令所需的環(huán)境變量

# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

添加以下內(nèi)容:

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

13.至此,MySQL服務(wù)配置完成,可以啟動(dòng)測(cè)試

# systemctl start mysqld

三、編譯安裝php-5.5.38:(相關(guān)包可以到http://www.php.net/ 下載)

1.安裝前準(zhǔn)備:

1)想讓編譯的php支持mcrypt擴(kuò)展,需要裝兩個(gè)包(這兩個(gè)包需要額外下載):

# rpm -ivh libmcrypt-2.5.8-13.el7.x86_64.rpm

# rpm -ivh libmcrypt-devel-2.5.8-13.el7.x86_64.rpm

2)如果出現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)configure:error:xml2-config not found錯(cuò)誤:

# yum -y install libxml2

#yum -y install libxml2-devel

2.將源碼包下載至本地,開始安裝

# tar xf php-5.5.38.tar.bz2

#cd php-5.5.38

#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-openssl --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml  --enable-sockets  --enable-fpm  --with-mcrypt  --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2  

(釋義:

--prefix=/usr/local/php指定php安裝目錄;--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysqlmysql安裝目錄,對(duì)mysql的支持;--with-openssl增加openssl的支持;--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_configmysqlin擴(kuò)展技術(shù),不僅可以調(diào)用MySQL的存儲(chǔ)過程,處理MySQL事物,而且可以使訪問數(shù)據(jù)庫工作變得穩(wěn)定;

--enable-mbstring多字節(jié)字符串的支持;

--with-freetype-dir打開對(duì)freetype字體庫的支持;

--with-jpeg-dir對(duì)jpeg格式圖片的支持;

--with-png-dir打開對(duì)png圖片的支持;

--with-zlib打開對(duì)zlib庫的支持;

--with-libxml-dir=/usr打開libxml2庫的支持;

--enable-xml打開對(duì)xml的支持;

--enable-sockets打開socket支;--with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs;整合apache,apxs功能是使用mod_so中的LoadModule指令,加載指定模塊到apache,要求apache 要打開SO模塊;

--with-mcrypt算法;

--with-config-file-path=/etc指定php.ini(配置文件)位置;--with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d是搜索下面的ini文件php.ini一起使用;

--with-bz2打開對(duì)bz2文件的支持;

#make

#make install

3.php提供配置文件

# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini

4.配置php-fpm

為php-fpm提供Sysv init腳本,并將其添加至服務(wù)列表:

# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm  /etc/init.d/php-fpm

# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm

# chkconfig --add php-fpm

5.為php-fpm提供配置文件:

# cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

6.編輯php-fpm的配置文件:

# vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

配置fpm的相關(guān)選項(xiàng)為你所需要的值

pm.max_children = 50

pm.start_servers = 5

pm.min_spare_servers = 2

pm.max_spare_servers = 8

7.接下來就可以啟動(dòng)php-fpm了:

# service php-fpm start

四、配置虛擬主機(jī)支持使用fcgi

1、注釋中心主機(jī),啟用虛擬主機(jī),并啟用mod_proxy_fcgi.somod_proxy.so模塊

(在Apache httpd 2.4以后已經(jīng)專門有一個(gè)模塊針對(duì)FastCGI的實(shí)現(xiàn),此模塊為mod_proxy_fcgi.so,它其實(shí)是作為mod_proxy.so模塊的擴(kuò)充,因此,這兩個(gè)模塊都要加載)

# vim /etc/httpd/httpd.conf

注釋:DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs"

啟用:Include /etc/httpd/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

      LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so

  LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so

添加:AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

      AddType application/x-httpd-php.source .phps

修改:DirectoryIndex index.html index.php

2、需要先創(chuàng)建目錄:/www/a.org/,并在其中提供測(cè)試頁面

# mkdir -p /www/a.org

# vim index.php

<h2>my first </h2>

<?php

phpinfo();

?>

3、編輯虛擬主機(jī)配置文件,并檢查有無語法錯(cuò)誤

# vim /etc/httpd/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

改為如下內(nèi)容

<VirtualHost *:80>

    DocumentRoot "/www/a.org"

    ServerName www.a.org

    ProxyRequests Off(關(guān)閉正向代理功能)

    ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/www/a.org/$1

    <Directory "/www/a.org">

        Options none

        AllowOverride none

        Require all granted

    </Directory>

    ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log"

    CustomLog "logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log" common

</VirtualHost>

# httpd -t

4、現(xiàn)在即可重啟httpd,進(jìn)行測(cè)試了!

# systemctl restart httpd

五、安裝xcache,為php加速(我這里用xcache-3.1.2)

1.下載源碼,解壓

# tar xf xcache-3.1.2.tar.bz2

# cd xcache-3.1.2

2.使php加載xcache擴(kuò)展

# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize

在此處可能遇到報(bào)錯(cuò):Cannot find autoconf. Please check your autoconf installation and the $PHP_AUTOCONF environment variable.Then,return this script

原因:Autoconf是一個(gè)用于生成可以自動(dòng)地配置軟件源代碼包以適應(yīng)多種Unix類系統(tǒng)的 shell腳本的工具,需要安裝。

解決辦法:

# cd /usr/src/

#wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/m4/m4-1.4.9.tar.gz

# tar -zvxf m4-1.4.9.tar.gz

# cd m4-1.4.9/

# ./configure && make && make install

# cd ../

# wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/autoconf/autoconf-2.62.tar.gz

# tar -zvxf autoconf-2.62.tar.gz

# cd autoconf-2.62/

# ./configure && make && make install

3.編譯安裝

#./configure --enable-xcache -with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/

php-config

#make

#make install

結(jié)束后會(huì)生成:Installing shared extensions:     /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20121212/

4.編輯配置文件

# mkdir /etc/php.d

# cp xcache.ini /etc/php.d/

5.重啟php-fpm服務(wù)

# service php-fpm restart

此時(shí)訪問到的頁面會(huì)有xcache的擴(kuò)展!


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